Presenter

Safdar khan Roll No. 181Department of Management Sciences

Denotation, Connotation and predicables

Denotation is the dictionary

definition of a term. It is the basic

meaning of a word, what a

term means.

In the others words, The

Denotation of a term consists of the

individual things or objects to which

the term can be applied.

Denotation

Connotation is the emotions, thoughts,

images, and associations attached to a

word.

Terms can have positive, negative, or even

neutral connotations. It all depends on the

context, how and where the word is used.

Connotation

In the others words, the

connotation of a term consists of

the qualities necessarily

possessed by the objects

denoted by the term.

Connotation……

For examples The Denotation of a

term ‘man’ consists of all the

individual things called ‘men’---of all

things to which the term ‘man’ can

be applied.

While its connotation consists of the

attributes of ‘animality’ and

‘rationality’ implied by it and

possessed by all men

Examples

As we know that, the proposition

consists of subject and predicate.

Now, the relation in which the

predicate stands to the subject is

called predicable.

predicables

There are five different ways in which a

predicate may be related to its subject.

Genus

species

Differentia

Property (or proprium)

Accident (or accidence)

predicables…..

The larger class which includes a smaller class in

denotation is called Genus.

The smaller class, which is so included is called

Species

For example, “animal” is a wide class which

includes the smaller class “man”

Hence ‘animal’ is Genus and the ‘man’ is

Species

Genus and species

Differentia means the attribute or attributes

which a species possesses in excess of the

connotation of its genus.

For example ‘rationality’ is the differentia

of man, as it distinguishes ‘man’ from it

genus ‘animal’

Differentia

A property is a quality or attribute

which does not form part of

connotation of a term but necessarily

follows from it.

For example, a triangle has its

three angles equal to two right

angles and its two sides greater than

the Third

property

An accident is a quality which neither forms

part of a the connotation of a term nor follows

from it.

It means that which happens accidently and

Has no necessary connection with the nature of

a thing.

For example, the colour of a man is an

accident.

He may be Black or white.

Accident