Dependent Origination
The Cycle of Dependent Origination – twelve links
Kammic formations
Consciousness
Mind & Matter
Sixth Sense Bases
Contact
Feelings
Cravings
Becoming
Clinging
Birth
Decay, death, sorrow, lamentation
pain, grief and despair
Ignorance
Ignorance –Mental blindness or unknowing: non-penetration or concealment of the real nature
of the object
1. The Truth of Suffering 2. The Origin of Suffering 3. The Cessation of Suffering 4. The Path Leading to the Cessation of Suffering 5. The past Five Aggregates 6. The future Five Aggregates 7. The past and the future Five Aggregates
together 8. Specific conditionality and conditionally-arisen
states including kamma and its consequences.
Kammic Formations
1. The volition in the 12 types of unwholesome consciousness (8 rooted in greed, 2 rooted in anger, 2 rooted in delusion).
2. The volition in the 8 types of sense-sphere wholesome consciousness & 4 associated with knowledge and 4 dissociated from knowledge.
3. The volition in the 5 types of wholesome consciousness pertaining to the fine-material sphere.
4. The volition in the 4 types of wholesome consciousness pertaining to the immaterial sphere.
Consciousness (refers to resultant consciousness)
1. At the rebirth linking moment.
2. In the course of an individual existence (or continuity).
Mind and Matter (Nama-rūpa)
• Here, mind is the three aggregates of feeling, perception and formations. They are called nama in Pali because of their bending (namana) on to the object.
• Matter is the four great materiality with the derived material phenomena from it.
6 Sense Bases
1. eye-sensitivity 2. ear-sensitivity 3. nose-sensitivity 4. tongue-sensitivity5. body-sensitivity6. the mind base
ContactContact
ConsciousnessConsciousness
ContactContact
6 sense 6 sense objectsobjects
6 sense 6 sense basesbases
Feeling
When the six sense objects impinge on the respective six sense bases, six classes of feeling are formed:
1. feeling born of eye-contact2. feeling born of ear-contact3. feeling born of nose-contact4. feeling born of tongue- contact5. feeling born of body-contact 6. feeling born of mind-contact
“.. like a bubble, perishing immediately after it forms “
Craving
There are six kinds of craving:
1. craving for visible objects2. craving for sounds 3. craving for smells4. craving for tastes5. craving for tangible objects6. craving for mental objects
Craving
Three types of craving:
1. Craving for sensual pleasures 2. Craving for existence3. Craving for non-existence
Clinging = Clinging = intense cravingintense craving
1. Clinging to sensual pleasure.
2. Clinging to false views
3. Clinging to rites and rituals
4. Clinging to doctrine of self
Becoming
• Kammic activities, both wholesome and unwholesome, that constitute kamma that generates rebirth
Birth
• The first manifestation of any aggregates in a new existence
Decay
• Ageing and bodily deterioration – loss of teeth, grey hair, wrinkles, loss of memory, etc.
• Death– breakup of aggregates• Sorrow– burning in the mind• Lamentation– crying out after loss • Pain– pain in the body• Grief– pain in mind• Despair– loss of hope
Thus arises the whole mass of suffering
Decay leads to -Decay leads to -
Past cause
IgnoranceKammic formations
Present Effect
ConciousnessMind & Matter6 sense bases
ContactFeeling
Present causes
CravingClinging
Becoming
Future effectBirth
DecayDeath
Future causesCravingClinging
Becoming(Ignorance &
Kammic formations)
Three periods of time
Past Present Future
Round of KAMMA(kammic formations,becoming)
Round of Result(Consciousness, mind-matter,
6 sense bases,contact, feeling)
Round of defilement(ignorance, craving,
clinging)
The 3 RoundsThe 3 Rounds
Attainment of (Arahant)
Path and Fruition
Knowledge
Ignoranceceases
The whole chain of Dependent Origination breaks down
ignorance ceases kammic formations cease consciousness ceases mind & matter cease 6 sense bases cease contact ceases feelings cease craving ceases clinging ceases becoming ceases birth does not arise decay, death, sorrow, lamentation, pain, despair do not arise
the entire mass of suffering ceasesthe entire mass of suffering ceases
The Noble Eightfold Path
What is the What is the pathpath leading to the leading to the
cessation of all cessation of all suffering ?suffering ?
The Noble Eightfold PathThe Noble Eightfold Path
1. Right Understanding2. Right Thought3. Right Speech4. Right Action5. Right Livelihood6. Right Effort7. Right Mindfulness8. Right Concentration
The Noble Eightfold PathThe Noble Eightfold PathRight Understandingof Four Noble Truth
• The Noble Truth of suffering. • The Noble Truth of origination of
suffering• The Noble Truth of cessation of
suffering.• The Noble Truth of the path
leading to the cessation of suffering
The Noble Eightfold PathThe Noble Eightfold PathRight Thought
• Renunciation • Non ill-will• Non cruelty
The Noble Eightfold PathThe Noble Eightfold PathRight Speech
• Abstaining from telling lies• Abstaining from backbiting• Abstaining from harsh speech• Abstaining from frivolous talk
The Noble Eightfold PathThe Noble Eightfold PathRight Action
• Abstaining from killing• Abstaining from stealing• Abstaining from sexual
misconduct• Abstaining from taking intoxicants
The Noble Eightfold PathThe Noble Eightfold PathRight Livelihood
• Abstaining from dealing in weapons• Abstaining from dealing in slaves• Abstaining from dealing in animals
for slaughter• Abstaining from dealing in poison• Abstaining from dealing intoxicants
The Noble Eightfold PathThe Noble Eightfold PathRight Effort
• The effort to discard evil states that have arisen
• The effort to prevent the arising of unarisen evil states
• The effort to arouse unarisen wholesome states
• The effort to bring to perfection arisen wholesome states
The Noble Eightfold PathThe Noble Eightfold PathRight Mindfulness
• Mindfulness in contemplation of the body
• Mindfulness in contemplation of feelings• Mindfulness in contemplation of
consciousness• Mindfulness in contemplation of mental
objects
The Noble Eightfold PathThe Noble Eightfold PathRight Concentration
• 1st Jhana• 2nd Jhana• 3rd Jhana• 4th Jhana
The Noble Eightfold Path
• Right Understanding• Right Thought• Right Speech• Right Action• Right Livelihood• Right Effort• Right Mindfulness• Right Concentration
Morality training
Wisdom training
Concentration training
May you attain the end of all suffering
Sadhu Sadhu Sadhu