DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING
by
Avisek Roy 09/ECE/28
References
Contents
Introduction
History
Key Stages In DIP
Applications
Conclusion
Introduction
A digital image is a representation of a two- dimensional image as a finite set of digital values, called picture elements or pixels.
Digital image processing focuses on two major tasks:Improvement of pictorial information for human interpretationProcessing of image data for storage, transmission and representation for autonomous machine perception
1 pixel
History
In early 1920s
Improved digital image
Early 15 tone digital image
Mid to late 1920s
A picture of the moon taken by the Ranger 7 probe minutes before landing
Typical head slice CAT image
In 1960s
In 1970s
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing
Image Acquisition
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
SegmentationImage Enhancement
Representation & Description
Problem Domain
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing:Image Acquisition
Image Acquisition
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
SegmentationImage Enhancement
Representation & Description
Problem Domain
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing:Image Enhancement
Image Acquisition
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
SegmentationImage Enhancement
Representation & Description
Problem Domain
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing:Image Restoration
Image Acquisition
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
SegmentationImage Enhancement
Representation & Description
Problem Domain
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing:Morphological Processing
Image Acquisition
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
SegmentationImage Enhancement
Representation & Description
Problem Domain
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing:Segmentation
Image Acquisition
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
SegmentationImage Enhancement
Representation & Description
Problem Domain
Key Stages in Digital Image Processing:Object Recognition
Image Acquisition
Image Restoration
Morphological Processing
SegmentationImage Enhancement
Representation & Description
Problem Domain
Applications
Image enhancementArtistic effectsMedical visualisationIndustrial inspectionLaw enforcementHuman computer interfaces
Image Enhancement
Artistic Effects
Effects given in pictures
Special Effects shown in films
Original MRI Image of a Dog Heart Edge Detection Image
Medicine
Original X-Ray Image Enhanced X-Ray Image
Industrial Inspection
PCB Inspection
Law Enforcement
Fingerprint recognition
Number plate recognition
Human Computer Interface
Face Recognition
Gesture Recognition
Conclusion The processing of images is faster and more cost-effective. One needs less time for processing, as well as less film and other photographing equipment. It is more ecological to process images. No processing or fixing chemicals areneeded to take and process digital images. However, printing inks are essentialwhen printing digital images. When shooting a digital image, one can immediately see if the image is good or not. Copying a digital image is easy, and the quality of the image stays good unless it is compressed.
However, it has some disadvantages too. A digital file of a certain size cannot be enlarged with a good quality anymore. For instance, a good poster cannot be made of an image file of 500 kb. However, it is easy to make an image smaller.
References• Picture Processing by Computer, New York: Academic Press, 1969
• “Digital Image Processing”, Rafael C. Gonzalez & Richard E. Woods, Addison-Wesley, 2002
• “Machine Vision: Automated Visual Inspection and Robot Vision”, David Vernon, Prentice Hall, 1991
• Anil K. Jain, “Fundamentals Of Digital ImageProcessing”, Prentice Hall, 1986
THANK YOU