Practical Architecture: Aligning Business Strategy with IT Vision
Franco RothnerSolution SpecialistMicrosoft SASession Code: ARC301
Agenda
1.Why architect2.The process of architecture3.Identifying the right people - toolsets4.Aligning and Delivering Architecture -
Frameworks and models5.Organizational Insight - Understanding your
organization6.Do’s and Dont’s
Definition - ArchitectArchitecture is a business in which technical knowledge, management, and an understanding of business are as important as design.
The architect makes high-level design choices much more often than low-level choices. In addition, the architect may sometimes dictate technical standards, including coding standards, tools, or platforms, so as to advance business goals rather than to place arbitrary restrictions on the choices of developers.
The enterprise architect handles business-related software decisions that frequently can involve multiple software systems within an organization, spanning several projects teams, and often at more than one site.
the developer of the structure of a computer system or program
Why do I need an Architect
The Winchester House - http://www.winchestermysteryhouse.com/
Why do I need an ArchitectWinchester House Facts
• 38 Years of Construction• 147 Builders• 0 Architects• 160 Rooms• 40 Bedrooms• 6 Kitchens• 2 Basements• 950 Doors• Cost $5,5million
Winchester House Facts
• 65 Doors to blank walls• 13 Abandoned Staircases• 24 Skylights in the floor
No architectural Blueprint Exists
Interpretation of the ObjectiveTuscany - Business Tuscany - IT
Value
Scope
EA = TA Reduce IT cost and enhance operations
EA = EWITA Enhance Value Management
EA = BA + EWITA Enhance Business/IT Alignment
Evolution of Enterprise Architecture
ChallengesBusiness CIO Operations CFO
I know what my business does...
How long is it going to take?
Why do you want to change it, we have been doing things like this for years and it works
Show me how this will effect the bottom line...
Isn’t that an IT role... Let me decide on what is the right direction...
What you are proposing is impossible...
How did you get to that number?
Surely the process is optimised...
How must I know, I was in finance before this job....
You want to get rid of Unix?
Let me worry about the budgets...
We cannot do this improve this any further...
You want to pay him what???!!!!
The mainframe will always be here...
The Process of Architecture
Architecting Process
Requirements DesignAnalysis
DesignConscious effort to create something that is both functional and aesthetically pleasing
All architecture is design.Not all design is architecture.
Architectural Levels
Put the large rocks in the place first
Financial Services
Retail Banking
Procurement
Identity Management
User
1
2
3
4
5
Industry
Enterprise in an industry
Component in a system
Object in a component
Design all things by considering them in their larger contexts
1
2
3
4
5
Architecture focusBusiness Projects
IT Projects
ArchitectureNew / New
Priority
Process
Data/Information
Application
Technology
Existing
Additional
New
Reso
urce
Ava
ilabi
lity
Budg
et
Objectives of an Architect
Creating the right Architecture
Vision and strategy
Required architecture and
priorities
Specifications and standards
Using the architecture
Governance and alignment
Scorecards and measurement
Architecture Adoption through deployment
Governance and feedback
Value calculation and ratification
The role of an architect
Organization Mission
Operating Model
IT
Organization Vision
Business
Providing Banking Services to unbanked
South Africa
Providing banking services to 40% of all unbanked South
Africans over the next 10 years by providing affordable banking
in the medium most suited.
Provide access to the unbanked South African market through
delivery of low cost banking services through retail bank branches, ATM
and cellular phone channels.
Provide people, process and technology solutions to enable banking the unbanked in South
Africa
Architect, Plan, Design and Build the systems to cater for
12 million users within the next 10 years with system
availability of 90%
Systems for branch and cellular phone banking will be delivered in the Plan, Build Run Model and will
ensure 90% availability through appropriate HA and DR policies
Mapping IT To BusinessBusiness IT IT How?
1. Improve customer satisfaction by 15% in next 12 months by reducing customer wait time in branches.
Ensure branch systems service level SLA at 90% over the next 12 months
1. Remove single points of application failure.
2. Remove single points of hardware failure.
3. Address network SLA and guarantee 95% availability
2. Grow cell phone banking from 10000 to 20000 users in 18 months.
Ensure cell phone banking functionality is available
1. Is application multi platform?2. Ease of use of application?3. Reliability of the application?
3. Improve the turnaround time for customer loan applications from 12 hours to 1 hour.
Straight through electronic processing of application will reduce processing time
1. Workflow scanned documents with electronic application.
2. Understand approval process and messaging requirements
4 Reduce Operational Cost Reduce infrastructure, operational and licensing cost.
1. Virtualize2. Consolidate 3. Optimise
Accountability and delivery
CIO Scorecard
CTO Scorecard
Architecture
Deploy/Build Operations
Reduce Cost
Reduce Cost
Reduce Cost
Reduce Cost
Reduce Cost
Roles and Responsibilities of ArchitectThe RACI model is a powerful tool utilized to define roles and responsibilities. In general, you match up roles and responsibilities with processes. The tool is extremely useful when rolling out a new change management program, or just uncovering the processes that make your organization function and identifying the participation in those processes
R Responsible – owns the project/problem. A To whom “R” is Accountable who must sign off (approve) on the work before it is effective. C To be Consulted – has information and/or capability necessary to complete the work. I To be Informed – must be notified of the results but need not be consulted.T - Time
Activity Responsible Accountable Consulted Informed By when
Finalize strategic middleware providers
HOD – Technology Architecture
CTO OperationsSupport DevelopmentSecurity
CIOCOOPartner Manager
1 June 2010
Delivering Architecture - Frameworks and models
FrameworksThe Open Group Architecture Framework (TOGAF) is a framework for enterprise architecture which provides a comprehensive approach to the design, planning, implementation, and governance of an enterprise information architecture.
The architecture is typically modelled at four levels or domains; Business, Application, Data, Technology. A set of foundation architectures are provided to enable the architecture team to envision the current and future state of the architecture
The Zachman Framework is a framework for enterprise architecture, which provides a formal and highly structured way of viewing and defining an enterprise
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TOGAF
Governance Model
http://www.hud.gov/offices/cio/ea/newea/resources/
Identifying the right people - toolsets
Responsibilities of the Architect
Technical
Solving interesting technical problems
Using different
design patters
Choosing technology
Non Technical Related Work
Perception
Non Technical Related Work
Reality
Surviving the politics and
hidden agendas
Ensuring buy in and
participation
Foster support and agreement
Technical
Who Does What Best?
Requirements DesignAnalysis
Business Analyst
DeveloperIT Professional .
Architect
Skills and Attributes - Roles
ArchitectRoadmap
and Planning
Design Deploy Maintain
C L P C L P C L P C L P C L P
High
Med
Low
Individual Competencies
Business•Organizational politics•Strategy•Process and tactical approach•Timing
Personal•Leadership•Communication•Perseverance•Ethics•EQ•IQ
Technical•Technology Strategy•Technology MBA – MCA Infrastructure•Technology Detail/MCA
Identifying Architectural candidatesMyers-Briggs (MBTI Indicator)
The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) assessment is a psychometric questionnaire designed to measure psychological preferences in how people perceive the world and make decisions.
Fundamental to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator is the theory of psychological type as originally developed by C. G. Jung. Jung proposed the existence of two dichotomous pairs of cognitive functions:
The "rational" (judging) functions: thinking and feelingThe "irrational" (perceiving) functions: sensing and intuition
The 4 Dichotomies
Extraversion Introversion
Sensing iNtuition
Thinking Feeling
Judging Perceiving
Architect Profiles
What should I be looking for?
Why is it so difficult to find?
Organizational Insight - Understanding the one you are in
Organizational Structure – friend or foe
CEO
CFO
CIO
CTO
Arc hit ec ture
I T Operations
Dev elopment
COO
IT as a cost centre
CEO
CFO COO
CIO
CTO
Architecture
I T Operati
onsDevelopment
IT as a necessary evil Strategic PartnerCEO
CFO COO CIO
CTO
Ar c hit ec t ur e I T Oper a tions Dev elopm ent
Reduce Cost
SLA Uptime
Enable Busines
s
Practical Architecture Tips
Do’s and Don’ts1. Communication is paramount.2. Executive and Business buy in for architecture is a necessity.3. Governance structure is important – Prescriptive vs. Participative4. Keep it relevant and delivery focussed.5. Get involved up front.6. Measure, Measure and Measure.7. Something does not exist until it is documented....8. Effective lobbying saves a lot of time9. Understand your audience.10.Hire the right people for the right jobs.11.Be tough, bit not ignorant.12.Become the trusted advisor of the CEO and CIO.13.Don’t forget the legacy
In conclusion1. What is Architecture2. Why we architect3. The process of architecture and how we align business
objectives4. Identifying the right people5. Looking at architectural toolsets6. Understood organizational structure7. Covered some high level do’s and don’ts
question & answer
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