KCI Terminal Development Program Process Update
CITY COUNCIL SESSION
PRESENTATION | December 10, 2015PRESENTATION | December 10, 2015
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
2
Existing Kansas City International (KCI) Airport
Current Terminal Complex Facilities
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
Existing KCI Terminal Facilities
3
Facility Year Built Age
TerminalsA, B, & C
1972Refurbish2004
STRUCTURE
43 YearsINTERIOR
11 Years
Parking Garage A
1987 28 Years Old
Parking Garage B
1989 26 Years Old
Parking Garage C
1997 18 Years Old
Apron 1995 to 2000
15 to 20 Years Old
Underground Utilities
1972 43 to 48 Years Old
B
Closed
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
Apprehension to Move to KCI in 1972
4 BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
Source: K.C.I. Special, The Kansas City Star, Sunday, October 15, 1972
“The first impression may be of a modern-day Stonehenge…
The words “lean-to” and “outhouse” were applied to Municipal and some wag will call K.C.I. “a three ring circus.” Likely, however, the words will be expletives…
There’ll be stories, too:“I parked at gate five and my return flight came in at gate 21 (or terminal B or C)…”
U.S. Airport Terminal Designs
6
Since DFW was opened in 1974, no other U.S. peer airport has replicated KCI’s configuration
Kansas City Int’l Austin-Bergstrom Int’l Dallas Love Field
Indianapolis Int’l John Wayne-Orange County Lambert-St Louis Int’l Louis Armstrong New Orleans Int’l
Nashville Int’l Norman Y. Mineta San Jose Int’l Pittsburgh Int’l Port Columbus Int’l
Raleigh-Durham Int’l Sacramento Int’l San Antonio Int’l Southwest Florida Int’l
General Mitchell Int’l (Milwaukee)
Metropolitan Oakland Int’l
Portland Int’l
William P Hobby (Houston)
Detroit Metropolitan
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
Taxpayers Do Not Pay Airport Costs!
7 BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
City tax revenues do NOT, and will NOT, pay for airport operations or capital projects
Airport Finance is a Closed SystemUnder Federal Law KCI Improvements are Funded by Airlines & Travelers
Airport Fees & Charges Stay at KCI
• Federal law prohibits spending airport fees for other city purposes
Airport Revenue Bonds
• Bonds are secured based only on airport fees & charges, passenger facility charges & federal grants — not with city or state taxes
• Each of the three major rating agencies have taken positive rating actions on KCI within the last three years
8 BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
“The rating also incorporates the potential for the large‐scale airport redevelopment plan.”‐ Moody's revises to positive the outlook on Kansas City Airport Enterprise, Moody’s Investor Service, 20 Jun 2015
Exhibit “K” & Project Goals
10
AdvancedPlanning
Airport Terminal Advisory
Group
Public Input
Council Resolution:
Exhibit KUse & Lease Negotiations
Improving KCI
Customer Convenience Affordability
Construct-ability
Technology
Right-Sized
Flexibility
Efficiency
The Airlines say doing nothing is not an option Customer convenience and affordability are top City and Airline priorities
Requires Airport and Airline collaboration in evaluating airport and airline data
Evaluates alternatives for Major Renovations & New Terminal Developments
Recommendation of a Preferred Terminal Development by May 1, 2016
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
40
2030 34 33
32
63
35
105
144
176
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
INDIndianapolis
DALDallas Love
Field
MSYNew
Orleans
SMFSacramento
SJCSan Jose
AUSAustin
STLSt. Louis
KCIKansas
City/2025
DENDenver
(53 millionpax)
DFWDallas FortWorth (64million pax)
ORDChicago
(70 millionpax)
Gates KCI Peer Airports – 7 to 13 million pax
Airport Terminal Gate Comparison
11 BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
Existing* RequirementsGates 29 35Ticketing/Check‐in 20,879 32,000Security Checkpoint 29,951 18,640
FUNCTION
Post-Security Space Undersized
by Nearly One-Half
Pre-Security Space Nearly 3x Amount Needed
p gPost‐Security Departure Corridor 0 95,540Post‐Security Restrooms 4,949 11,200Airline Club 0 2,500International Arrivals 21,001 31,460Concessions 60,097 70,660Pre‐Security Circulation, Restrooms, and Seating 156,283 58,200Bag Claim 17,745 45,710Baggage Makeup 72,761 82,080Airline Operations/ATO/BSO 96,591 56,720Non Public Spaces 91,955 49,450Terminal Functions (HVAC, MEP) 101,357 117,200
Total Area 773,850 752,960
Bag Claim Space is 1/3 of Required
Space
Non Public Space Oversized by
Nearly 2x Amount Needed
Existing Space/Terminal Requirements
12
*36 Existing Gates, 29 leased
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
Terminal Functions (HVAC, MEP) 101,357 117,200
Total Area 773,850 752,960(Square Feet)
Curb Bag Claim Gate Arrive
13
Local passengers are familiar with configuration and timing to process
Arrival Process Arrival Process
Curb Check-in Gate Depart
What’s good about the existing Terminals
Departure Process Departure Process
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
14
Short walking distances
What’s good about the existing Terminals
“MCI has to be the easiest airport ever. Easy drop off right in front of check in which is right next to the gates. Every couple gates has it's
own security.”
Almost as easy as a private airport.Cheri A- Yelp
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
TYPE OF PARKING
Valet Parking Short Term Curb Service
Terminal Garages B & C Short Term
Circle Parking E1 ‐ E4
Short/Long Term Surface
Economy Lots B and C Long Term
Park Air Express & The Parking Spot
Off‐airport Long Term
Variety of Parking Options at Various Price Points
15
What’s good about the existing Terminals
Garage BGarage C
Circle E2 Parking
Circle E1 Parking
Circle E3 Parking
Circle E4 Parking
To Economy Lots B, C, and
Off Airport Parking
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
Valet Parking
“Meeter/Greeter” Advantages Seats to sit and wait Non-secure concessions available Ample pre-secure restrooms
16
What’s good about the existing Terminals
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
“KCI is old school in the fact that your loved ones can wait in the
unsecured area, but close to your gate - so they can greet you when
you arrive.”
Tim K.- Yelp
Valet Parking
17
Terminal B
Terminal C
Security Screening Checkpoint Individual checkpoints at multiple
locations• Congestion localized to individual
checkpoints• Processing time is convenient
at non-peak periods
Security Checkpoint
What’s good about the existing Terminals
“This is the fastest security of any airport! They are friendly and check-in is right at your gate! Amazing! This makes
air travel super easy!”
Kim S.- Yelp
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
Departure Lounge
18
Security Screening Checkpoints Insufficient capacity at
certain locations TSA Pre✓ cannot be
offered at all checkpoints
What’s not good about the existing Terminals
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
“Dear @KCIAirportplease get it together.
Lots of grumpy Monday morning travelers. Such a
terrible experience.”Amy Konrath –
Twitter, 4:06 AM - 8
Sep 2015
Scattered checkpoint locations complicate security control and staffing
No equipment backup if screening devices fail
Passenger delays at checkpoint can result in missed flights
19
Security Screening Building Geometry - 72-foot concourse width Precludes normal orientation of security lanes from curb to gate Cannot easily accommodate current TSA lane requirements or new
screening layouts (60’ x 150’) Any renovations must follow the current TSA guidelines Inadequate space for passenger queuing Insufficient lanes for TSA Pre✓ at several locations
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
What’s not good about the existing Terminals
Departure Lounge Geometry Small departure lounges cannot be expanded Outdated layout does not allow for group
seating Crowded conditions limit loading and
unloading processes Combining separate departure lounges
requires narrow backside corridor
20
What’s not good about the existing Terminals
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
“Yes this airport may be easy to getin and out of but if you suffer from claustrophobia or don't like a lot of people crammed into one area -AVOID AVOID AVOID MCI.”
Anastasia U.-Yelp
Departure Lounge & Circulation Area
21
Departure Lounge Size/Amenities Insufficient seating and power outlets Restrooms are too few and too small Peer terminals offer sit-down restaurants, bars,
airline clubs, retail accessible to everyone Lack of departure lounge workstations
What’s not good about the existing Terminals
“@KCIAirport inexplicably has a single men’s RR stall for 8
gates. Designers must have been Barbarians.”
CW_Humphreys - Twitter
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
22
Curbside Passenger congestion and confusion for
pickup/drop-off Competition for curbside space among
shuttles, buses, vans, limos, taxis, and private vehicles
Parking often unavailable at Terminal B Limited shelter for commercial curb
What’s not good about the existing Terminals
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
“Once again all parking lots near Terminal B are full. Remind me again how
convenient #kci supposedly is??”
Jennifer Peters – via Twitter
Baggage Screening Baggage screening is a 2-step process for
more than 50% of KCI’s passengers Potential for lost baggage No backup if individual system goes down
23
What’s not good about the existing Terminals
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
“You've got baggage issues, @KCIAirport” John Bryan -- Twitter 8:22 PM - 19 Dec 2014.
“We've got nothing against Kansas City.It would be a lovely place to visit if they ever replace that toy airport
with a real one.”
Sports Illustrated July 20, 2015
MICHAEL ROSENBERGSenior Writer, Sports Illustrated
Concrete Columns
24
Structural Constraints Concrete walls limit
potential for interior expansion or accommodating other uses
Large columns restrict expansion potential
“We had a lousy crystal ball, . . . We couldn’t read the future.”
Kivett and Myers(Architects of Existing Terminals)
What’s not good about the existing Terminals
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
“Kansas City, I love your teams, BBQ & people. But your airport
looks like it was designed by a 87 year old, color-blind prison guard.”
9:29 AM - 25 Sep 2015
Rainn Wilson Tweet (Actor from television comedy The Office)
25
Aging Infrastructure – underground utilities, apron, & terminal roadways Increases potential for critical failure of
mechanical systems (electric, plumbing, fueling, HVAC)
Increases need for ongoing maintenance that translates into higher operating costs
Energy efficiency upgrades are limited
“I don't think people appreciate
the fact that it's falling apart
(underneath).”
Dan CranshawATAG member in
ATAG presentation, lawyer, and frequent
traveler
“At more than 40 years old, the underground
distribution network providing chilled water
to and from each of MCI's three terminals had a long history of
line breaks that caused costly disruptions toairport operations.”
Robert NordstromJournalist for
AirportImprovement.com
What’s not good about the existing Terminals
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
26
Building Restriction Line
Peak time delays due to aircraft push back from gates into taxiways at Terminals A, B, & C• This condition cannot be changed when using existing terminals• Aircraft push back from gates into a single taxilane between terminals
Distance between terminal and taxiways limits expansion potential
Taxiway Conflict AreaPushback Conflict Area
What’s not good about the existing Terminals
Terminal B
TerminalC
TerminalA
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
Closed
Terminal B
Terminal C
27
Bus Operations Multiple stops
• Buses often fill before last stop, forcing passengers to wait for another bus
• Affects curbside congestion and wayfinding• Higher operating costs due to complexity of multi-stop routes
No Taxi Stand Passengers must call and wait for taxis
Bus Stop
What’s not good about the existing Terminals
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
6.1
5.6
5.9
5.2
6.1
5.6
5.9
6
6.2
7.5
4.7
5.3
5.6
5.8
6.1
6.3
6
6.2
6.3
6.7
3.8
4.6
4.9
5.6
4.8
5.1
5.4
5.8
6.1
4.4
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
New York LaGuardia (LGA)
Los Angeles International (LAX)
Newark Liberty International (EWR)
Miami International (MIA)
Ft. Lauderdale - Hollywood (FLL)
Washington Dulles (IAD)
New York John F. Kennedy (JFK)
Chicago O'Hare (ORD)
Philadelphia International (PHL)
Kansas City International (MCI)
Average score*Security Restrooms Shopping
28
Top 10 Least Pleasant Airports by Frequent Travelers in North America as of September 2014
Source: Bloomberg Businessweek.Note: United States; Canada; September to November 2014; 3,000+; travelers who have taken at least one round-trip in the past year..
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
What’s not good about the existing Terminals
Facts, Industry Data + Public Input
AdvancedPlanning
Airport Terminal Advisory Group
Public Input
Council Resolution: Exhibit K
Use & Lease Negotiations
Airport Terminal Advisory Group Briefings and Town Hall Meetings.Image Source: Austin Alonzo Reporter- Kansas City Business Journal.
29 BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
Deputy DirectorCommercial Development
Deputy DirectorEngineering
Program Director
AAACChairpersonor Designee
Kansas CityInternational Airport Director of Aviation
TERMINAL PLANNING TEAML&B
LANDSIDEHNTB
CONCEPTUAL DESIGN
AIRSIDEL&B
Airport & AirlineAffairs Committee
(AAAC)
City of Kansas City Mayor/City Council
Deputy DirectorFinance
UTILITIES & CUPSKDesignHNTB
MEPFPRoss & Baruzzini
PGAL/WA
Bag Handling Systems VTC
CONCESSIONSAirProjects Inc.
FUELINGHNTB
DEICINGL&BHNTB
LeadershipCommittee
Terminal PlanningTeam
MAJOR RENOVATION
PGALWA
TERMINAL PROGRAMMING
L&B
NEW TERMINALPGAL
COST ESTIMATINGConnico
Airline Technical Rep
AvAirPros
KCAD AdvisorLeighFisher
Exhibit K Organizational Structure/Experts
30 BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
Overview of Terminal Planning Approach
31
New Terminal | NTNew Terminal | NTMajor Renovation | MRMajor Renovation | MR
MR | OPTION AMR | OPTION A NT | OPTION ANT | OPTION A
MR | OPTION BMR | OPTION B NT | OPTION BNT | OPTION B
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
Two-Track Terminal Evaluation Process
Design team instructed to improve and blend best elements of preferred concepts 5 DIFFERENT CONCEPTS Refine/improve prior
concepts Identify level of finishes
and building systems2Charrette Major Renovation
MR2 Concepts
New TerminalNT
3 Concepts
Initial Screening Design team started with 27 concepts
Design team instructed to further refine/improve and develop comparative cost estimates4 DIFFERENT CONCEPTS
Continue refining and improving concepts
High level comparative cost estimating
3Charrette Major Renovation
MR2 Concepts
New TerminalNT
2 Concepts
32
12 DIFFERENT CONCEPTS Site Plans Floor plans Space requirements Terminal section diagrams Construction phasing
1Charrette
Major Renovation MR
5 Concepts
New TerminalNT
7 Concepts
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
NT BNT B
Proposed Conceptual Site Plans
MR AMR A
MR BMR B
NT ANT A
33 BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
Major Renovation | MRMajor Renovation | MR New Terminal | NTNew Terminal | NT
LEGENDRenovated SpaceNew Terminal Garage
Proposed Conceptual Site Plans
Reuses existing Terminal A & B concourses
Builds a new, two level central processor at both Terminals A & B
Provides separate arrivals and departures roadways, curbs and parking garages for each terminal
Added square footage increases cost
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/201534
Major Renovation | “MR A” COST: $1.191 Billion(2015 dollars)
LEGENDRenovated SpaceNew Terminal Garage
Major Renovation A - $1.191 Billion (2015 dollars)
35
$1.191 Billion in 2015 dollars GOALS PROS CONS
Customer Convenience
Short walking distances to origin and destination gates
No ability to incorporate moving walkways in curved concourses
Affordability Most expensivealternative
Constructability
Very difficult to construct during on‐going operations and requires multiple airline moves
Technology New system technologies
Some technologies will be more costly to install within existing structure
Right‐SizedTerminal significantly exceeds necessary square footage
FlexibilitySome flexibility to expand into endconcourse gates
Limited expansion capabilities beyond end gates would result in need to activate 3rd terminal
EfficiencyImproved but split check‐in and security screening
Aircraft pushback conflicts with Taxiway D and cul‐de‐sac are not fixable. Difficult baggage tug and cart operations
Departures
Arrivals
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
Proposed Conceptual Site Plans
36 BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
Major Renovation | “MR B”
Reuses existing Terminal A & B concourses
Builds a new, two level central processor between Concourses A & B
Provides separate arrivals and departures roadways and curbs
Builds a new central parking garage and reuses portions of existing A & B Garages
COST: $1.046 Billion (2015 dollars)
LEGENDRenovated SpaceNew Terminal Garage
Major Renovation B - $1.046 Billion (2015 dollars)
37 BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
GOALS PROS CONS
Customer Convenience
Possesses passenger convenience improvements over existing
Long walking distances to farthest gates with no ability to incorporate moving walkways
AffordabilityMore expensive than both NTs but less expensive than MR A
ConstructabilityDifficult to phase with on‐going operations at Terminal B
Technology New system technologies
Some technologies will be more costly to install within existing structure
Right‐SizedTerminal significantly exceeds necessary square footage
FlexibilitySome flexibility to expand to the west on the center concourse
Limited flexibility to expand beyond the center concourse due to reusing existing terminals
EfficiencyImproved consolidated check‐in and security screening
Aircraft pushback conflicts with Taxiway D not fixable. Difficult baggage tug and cart operations
$1.046 Billion in 2015 dollars
Departures
Arrivals
Proposed Conceptual Site Plans
38 BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
New Terminal | “NT A”
Builds a new centralized terminal at the Terminal A site
Provides separate arrivals and departures roadways and curbs
Builds a new central parking garage
Reuses B garage
COST: $964 Million (2015 dollars)
LEGEND
New Terminal Garage
New Terminal A - $964 Million (2015 dollars)
39 BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
GOALS PROS CONS
Customer Convenience
Possesses all passenger convenience features
Affordability Least expensive alternative
ConstructabilityPhases more easily and quickly than either MR or NT B alternatives
Technology All new system technologies
Right‐Sized New terminal exactly meets requirements
Flexibility
Able to incrementally expand to south on two concourses, reuses B Garage
Efficiency
Efficient consolidated check‐in, security screening, baggage operations
A few gates have single taxilane access on the northern concourse
$964 Million in 2015 dollars
Departures Arrivals
Proposed Conceptual Site Plans
40 BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
New Terminal | “NT B”
Builds a new centralized terminal at the Terminal A site
Provides separate arrivals and departures curbs
Builds a new central parking garage
Reuses B garage
COST: $972 Million (2015 dollars)
LEGEND
New Terminal Garage
New Terminal B - $972 Million (2015 dollars)
41
GOALS PROS CONS
Customer Convenience
Possesses all passenger convenience features
Affordability Less expensive than MRs Slightly more expensive than NT A
Constructability Phases more easily than either MR
Requires an additional phasing step than NT A
Technology All new system technologies
Right‐Sized New terminal exactly meets requirements
Flexibility
Able to incrementally expand to south on one concourse, reuses B Garage
Less expansion flexibility than NT A
Efficiency
Efficient consolidated check‐in, security screening, spilt baggage operations
A few gates have single taxilane access and a blind corner on the northern concourse
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
$972 Million in 2015 dollars
Departures
Arrivals
Major Renovation New TerminalFacilities MR A MR B NT A NT BTerminal $803,176,000 $730,913,000 $593,255,000 $579,427,000
Parking & Roads $264,232,000 $196,779,000 $217,321,000 $218,021,000
Aprons & Taxiways $81,062,000 $76,233,000 $104,772,000 $126,666,000
Mechanical, Electrical & Plumbing $30,913,000 $30,483,000 $27,695,000 $27,695,000
Aircraft Fueling System $10,294,000 $10,393,000 $18,885,000 $18,885,000
Deicing System $1,565,000 $1,608,000 $1,619,000 $1,634,000
Total Cost $1.191 B $1.046 B $964 M $972 M
Conceptual Cost Estimates
42 BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
Note: Values in 2015 dollars.
GOALS MAJOR RENOVATION (MR) NEW TERMINAL (NT)
Customer Convenience
Better than today’s terminals but less than NT More passenger conveniences for all passengers
Affordability Higher capital and operating cost than NT Lower capital and operating cost than MR
Construct‐ability
More difficult and longer time to construct than NTs with far more passenger disruptions during construction
Isolated site allows easier and shorter construction time than MR with less passenger disruptions
Technology Some limitations on ability to include all new technologies
All new technologies for all functions
Right‐SizedRequires more space than required due to its inefficient configuration and duplication of functions
Avoids duplicate central processors, bag systems, concessions, moving walkways, parking garages
FlexibilityExisting concrete structure and circular configuration limits the flexibility of functional uses and expansion options
New structure and layout provides better flexibility of spatial uses and more expansion potential
EfficiencyLess operationally efficient than NT due to airside, terminal, and landside operational constraints
More efficient airside, terminal and landside operations than MR
MR and NT Alternatives Evaluation
43 BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
MR Oversized by 21% NT Right-Sized
To Provide Future Expansion Capability: MR Oversized by 43% NT Oversized by 8%
RequirementsMajor
RenovationNew
TerminalGates 35 35 35Ticketing/Check‐in 32,000 49,344 34,901Security Checkpoint 18,640 21,693 18,654Departure Lounges 81,600 92,859 82,395Public Space/Departure Corridor 164,940 211,518 170,048Airline Club 2,500 4,163 2,546International Arrivals 31,460 40,003 34,106Concessions 70,660 73,245 68,633Bag Claim 45,710 50,641 45,401Baggage Makeup 82,080 127,494 79,882Airline Operations/ATO/BSO 56,720 66,814 52,961Non Public Spaces 49,450 49,766 44,818Terminal Functions 117,200 120,038 117,663
Total Area in Use (Square Feet) 752,960 907,578 752,008Unassigned Space 143,165 21,542Unbuilt Tug Drive Through 29,056 24,889Undeveloped Space 12,929
Total Gross Area (Square Feet) 752,960 1,079,799 811,368
FUNCTION
Facility Requirements: MR / NT
44 BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
Airline Recommendations:
45
Airlines and KCAD concluded that Major Renovation (MR) alternatives presented significant shortfalls: Limited options to meet the goal of improved customer convenience
Higher capital cost
Higher ongoing operating and life cycle cost
Substandard operational performance
More difficult phasing and lengthy construction
The Airline-Airport Affairs Committee unanimously proposed tabling further study of MR options
The Airline-Airport Affairs Committee will continue to review and refine New Terminal (NT) options
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015
Next Steps: Exhibit “K” Process
46
Refine New Terminal
OptionsRecommendations
to City Council
• Design & Layout• Cost Estimations• Airline Agreement
• Terms of New Business Arrangement with Airlines
BUSINESS SESSION PRESENTATION 12/10/2015