Assignments Page #
TC 1
___1. Scientific Inquiry notes2. Hypothesis Practice ___3. Control and Experiment groups ___
4. Introduction to Forces notes ___5. Newton's Laws of Motion notes ___
6. Newton's Laws Practice ___7. Birth of the Earth ___8. Solar system notes ___
9. Planet Facts Notes ___10. Sunlight and Earth Notes ___
12. Moon Notes part 2 ___
13. Solar and Lunar Eclipses Notes ___14. Life Cycle of Stars Notes ___
Luminosity = Brightness
Coordinates on a graph are usually identified
Temperature (K) Luminosity(Lsun)
1 30,000 105
2 35,000 10-2
3 30,000 10-3
4 5,000 105
5 8,500 10-1
6 6,500 10-1
7 26,000 101
8 15,000 101
9 3,750 10-3
10 4,000 102
11 38,000 103
12 3,000 106
13 12,500 1
14 20,000 105
15 20,000 10-4
16 17,000 1
17 5,000 10-2
1
7
14
10
17
12
2
169
65
4
13
-1
3,7507,50015,00030,000
(26,000 , 101
1
7
14
10
17
12
2
16
9
65
4
13
-1
3,7507,50015,00030,000
Think-Ink-Pair-Share
Which part of the flame do you think is the
Think-Ink-Pair-Share
Which part of the flame do you think is the
Look at the graph,What do you notice about
the temperatures of the stars compared to
the color? Think-Ink-Pair-Share
14
10
17
12
2
3 9
8
13
-3
-1
1
3
5
3,7507,50015,000
Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram
Hertzsprung and Russell were two
astronomers that plotted on a diagram the
doing so, they realized that there was a
pattern with the stars' colors and the
temperatures as well. They found out that
the color of a star determines how hot it is.
The diagram became known as the HR
diagram named after both astronomers.
The HR Diagram is used to categorize the
stars in our universe by temperature and
brightness (luminosity)
What is a nursery?
In relation to stars, what do you think a
stellar nursery is?
What are stellar nurseries?
Stellar nurseries are areas of space with
large clusters of space dust and clouds
made up of helium, hydrogen, and other
gases.
Stars are created from Nebulas
which is another name for stellar
nurseries.
The word nebula is Latin for "cloud"
Nebulas collapse due to gravity and
years, the nebula starts to form
protosuns and then spit them out.
simulation of a condensing nebula
When the center of the protosun gets
hot enough (around 3,000 Kelvin), it
will turn into a sun.
The size of the sun depends on how
much hydrogen or fuel was present
when the sun formed.
As the sun burns
hydrogen and helium it expands
outwards, but gravity pulls the
expansion back.
3 types of stars can form from a nebula. Thetype of star they become depends on howbig the nebula was that formed the sun.
3 types of stars can form from a nebula. Thetype of star they become depends on howbig the nebula was that formed the sun.
1. Brown Dwarf
3. Massive star
Stop and think
1. Brown Dwarf
3. Massive star
Which one of the 3 types of stars do you
think our sun is? Give 1 reason for your
answer
1. Brown dwarf star
Brown dwarf stars are formed
when the mass of the protosun is
too small.
about 10% the
size of our sun
The size means the sun cannot
go through nuclear fusion and
therefore does not shine.
formed when a protosun heats
up to about 3,000 Kelvin.
about half our
sun's size to
about 140x
The energy of an average sun
These suns burn at a medium
heat and are usually orange or
about half our
sun's size to
about 140x
3. Massive star
nebula.immense heat and the sun radiates a
about 150x or
bigger than our
sun
near the end of its life.
This happens because the sun
will burn all of the hydrogen at its
core and will start burning its
helium reserves (this gives it the
red color).
Red Giant Stars will eventually burn out their
remaining helium fuel and collapse on itself
due to the extreme force of gravity and turn
into a white dwarf star
the star down to the point where there are
no space between atoms or electrons.
Basically the same mass but 1/100 the
size
white dwarf star will turn into a black dwarf
after about 1 quadrillion years.
No one knows what happens after a black
dwarf because time hasn't allowed a black
dwarf to form.
Our solar system is only 14 billion years old.
No black dwarfs currently exist!!!
3. Massive star
nebula.immense heat and the sun radiates a
about 150x or
bigger than our
sun
Near the end of a massive star's life (blue or
white), the star will burn all of its hydrogen
and start burning helium as fuel.
supernova at the end of its life and can
depends on the size of the supernova.
black hole.
Black holes bend time and space. Not
even light can escape its gravitational
pull.
star and a new nebula.
neutrons. It sends out deadly
electromagnetic waves that can kill whole
planets and solar systems.
Neutron stars are the most dense objects
in the universe
it pulls another space object like another