Download - MANAGING MITES WITH BIOPEST - SACOA€¦ · of T. urticae/leaf (a) and the percentage of leaves infested with mites (b) compared with the control ( ) in roses. Given are means ±

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KEY POINTS• Mitepopulationscanflarefollow-inginsecticideapplicationsorwithwarm,dustyconditions.

• BIOPEST®hasbeenshowntosuc-cessfullyreducemitepopulationsasafoliarappliedpriortopopulationsbuilding.

• ManymiticidesareregisteredtobeusedinmixtureswithBIOPEST® to improvecoverageandefficacy.

• BIOPEST®isregisteredinitsownrightforcontrolofarangeofmitespe-cieseitheratthedormanttimingorasafoliarapplicationinarangeofcropsatratesof1-3L/100L.

• Forbestresults,alwaysensurethoroughcoveragewithadequatewatervolumesunderquickdry-ingconditionsandavoidsprayingstressedcropsorduringfullbloom.

Mitesareincreasinglybecomingasignificantpestinmanyhorticulturalcrops–particularlyasaresultofwarmspringconditionsandinsecticidepro-gramswhichnolongerincludebroadspectrumorganophosphates,resultingintheflaringofmitepopulations.

Thefollowingfactorshavedrivenupmitepopulationsandledtoarenewedinterestintheuseofhorticulturalsprayoils;

• Removalofbroadspectruminsecti-cidessuchasorganophosphates.

• Increasedprevalenceofdifficulttocontrolpestssuchascarphophilusbeetlewhichrequirestheuseofmiteflaringinsecticides.

• Resistancedevelopingtoconventionalinsecticides.

• Technologyadvancesmakinghorticulturalsprayoilsmoreeffectiveandsaferoncrops.

SACOAhasbeenconductingresearchintointegratedpestmanagementinmanyhorticulturalcropsforoveradecade.Mostrecently,workhasfocussedoncontrollingmitesinarangeofcropsfrombananastoavocadoesandalmonds(seeFigure1).ThisresearchhasfocusedontheroleofBIOPEST® asamitecontrolproductbothasaprophylacticpreventativetoreduceegglayingandpopulationsbuilding,aswellasapostinfestationproducttomanageexistingpopulationsbothaloneandinmixtureswithcommonmiticides.

Narrowrangehorticulturalsprayoilsorparaffinicsprayoils(PSO’s)suchas BIOPEST®,havelonghadaplaceforthecontrolofpestssuchasscaleandmites,notonlyasaresultoftheirdirectinsecticidaleffects,butalsoascarriersanddepositionaidsforotherinsecticides.Howeverwiththeadventofbroadspectrumorganophosphateandsyntheticpyrethroidinsecticidesoverthelast30years,theirpopularityhasdeclined.

Morerecently,theremovalofmanybroadspectruminsecticidesduetohealthconcernsandtherapiddevelopmentofresistanceintargetpests,hasledtotheirrevivalasasafeandeffectivemethodofcontrollingmitesandscaleinhorticulturalcrops.

Version 2 | Date Jan 2020 | Ref 47 | Page 1

MANAGING MITES WITH BIOPEST

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Figure 1: Evidenceofmitedamageinalmonds,RobinvaleFeb2015

(Source: Phytogen Consulting)


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MANAGING MITES WITH BIOPEST Version 2 | Date Jan 2020 | Ref 47 | Page 2

Advancementsinpetroleumrefiningtechnologyandquickbreakingemulsionshaveenabledmineraloilbasedproducts,suchasBIOPEST®,tobeproducedwithoptimaldensity,higherloadingsofparaffiniccomponentsandreducedaromaticcompounds.Theseofferafargreaterdegreeofcropsafetyandpesticideactivitythanthoseavailable20yearsago.Besidestheparaffinicityofoils,othercharacteristicssuchascarbonnumber,distillationrange,unsulphonatedresidueandtypeofemulsifierpackageareimportant.Oilswithhigherparaffinicloadingandwithoptimalmolecularweighthavebeenshowntoprovideincreasedactivityonmites(seeCharts1and2).

APPLICATION TIMING BIOPEST®worksbestwhenappliedpreventatively,toanearlydevelopingpopulation,ratherthanusedasacurativeonanexistingwelldevelopedpopulation.TheuniqueformulationcharacteristicsofBIOPEST®providecontrolofexistinglownumbersofadultsthroughphysicallysmotheringandformingaprotectivelayeronleafsurfaces,thuspreventingegglaying.Thismodeofactionhasbeenvalidatedinnumerousindependentstudies(seeChart3).

Chart 1: Increaseintheefficiencyofnaphthenicandparrafinicsprayoilswithincreas-

ingmolecularweightforcontrolofCitrusRedMiteinlaboratoryexperiments.

(Source: Ebeling 1959, ‘Spray Oils’)

Citrus Red Mite control with naphthenic and parrafinic spray oils in the laboratory

Chart 2: Increaseintheefficiencyofnaphthenicandparrafinicsprayoilswithincreas-

ingmolecularweightforcontrolofCitrusRedMiteinorchardexperiments.

(Source: Ebeling 1959, ‘Spray Oils’)

Citrus Red Mite control with naphthenic and parrafinic spray oils in orchards


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COMPATISON WITH CONVENTIONAL MITICIDE PROGRAMSWhenusedasacalendarspray,applicationsofPSO’ssuchasBIOPEST®,havebeenshowntoprovideequivalentlevelsofcontroltostandardmiticideswithoutregularflaringevents.Howeverifexistingpopulationsarehigh,theuseofaone-offconventionalmiticideasaknockdown,suchasabamectin,toreducepopulationsbelowthreshold,followedbyregularBIOPEST® applicationswillprovidethebestlevelsofcontrol(seeChart4).

SACOA’s RECENT MITE RESEARCHOverthepasttwoyearsSACOAhasconductedindependentfieldtrialsassessingtheeffectivenessofBIOPEST®onmitesinbananasandalmonds.Thisworkwillcontinueoverthesummerof2016/17inavocadoesandalmonds.

Overthesummerseasonof2013/14,BIOPEST®wasfoundtoprovidesignificantlevelsofmitecontrolinbananas,(seeChart5)whichresultedinasignificantyieldincrease.

Chart 3: Effectsofprophylactic(●)andcurative(o)applicationofPSOonthenumber

ofT.urticae/leaf(a)andthepercentageofleavesinfestedwithmites(b)compared

withthecontrol(■)inroses.Givenaremeans±sdandmeans±0.25sd(b),n=20.

(Source: Nicetic et al 2001, ‘ Integrated pest management of Two-spotted mite.’)

Control of mites with prophylactic and curative applications of PSO

Chart 4: ComparisonbetweenPSO-basedprogram(☐)andsyntheticmiticideprogram

(■).ThePSOprogramconsistedof0.5%PSOspraysfromDay0atapproximately14day

intervalswithasingleknockdownsprayofabamectinonDay13.Theconventional

miticideprogramconsistedoftheapplicationofdicofol(#)andabamectin(*).(---)

economicthresholdof0.5miteperleaflet.

(Source: Nicetic et al (2001) ‘Integrated pest management of Two-spotted mite’)

Mite control with PSO program vs synthetic miticide program


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During2014,BIOPEST® wasevaluatedbothasadormancysprayandafoliarsprayincombinationwithamiticideinalmonds.InthisworkadormantapplicationofBIOPEST®wasfoundtoprovidesignificantlybettercontrolofmitesthanconventionalwinteroilsappliedatthedormanttiming(seeChart6).ApplyingBIOPEST®0.5%inamixturewithSorcerer®inmid-Decemberwasfoundtobesafeoverfoliage–howeverexistingmitenumbersweretoolowtoprovideusefuldata.OneobservationofthisworkwastheshiftinmitespeciestypewithBryobiamiteoccurringearlyinsummerandtwo-spottedmiteoccurringlater.

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 0

Biopest Oil 5.0L

Biopest Oil 7.5L

Mancozeb2.2KG +B iopest5.0L

BayerCSProgram

Seasol5L+ Biopest 5L

Elect 500SC 2.6l

Mite Leaf Damage with a range of Spray Programs

TruckGirth(cm)15WAT6 Mean%LeafAreaDamagedby Mites(Whole Canopy)4WAT6

0

5

10

15

20

25

BIOPEST 2.0% STIFLE2.0%V ICOL WO 2.0%

Mite Control following Dormant Sprays

TSM Mobiles TSM Eggs Bryobia Mobiles Bryobia Eggs

Chart 5: Miteleafdamageandtrunkgirthin

bananaswitharangeofsprayprograms.

(Source: Farnsworth B. – Evaluation of

replicated small plot spray programs –Innisfail

April 2014)

Chart 6:Mitepresenceonalmondleaves

followingdormantsprayapplications.Assess

322/1/15.Alltreatmentsapplied1/7/14in

2500L/Hawater.

(Source: Kimpton T, (2014) SACOA BIOPEST®

Trial in Almonds 2014-15, Robinvale, Victoria –

February 2014)


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FURTHER INFORMATION

• http://agriculture.vic.gov.au/agriculture/pests-diseases-and-weeds/pest-insects-and-mites/two-spotted-mite/integrated-control-of-twospotted-mite-in-orchards

• http://agriculture.vic.gov.au/agriculture/pests-diseases-and-weeds/pest-insects-and-mites/two-spotted-mite

• https://www.daf.qld.gov.au/plants/fruit-and-vegetables/a-z-list-of-horticultural-insect-pests/two-spotted-mite

• https://www.agric.wa.gov.au/pome-fruit/miticides-wa-deciduous-fruit-trees

REFERENCES

• Beattie,A&Hardy,S(2005)AgFactsH2.AE.5:Usingpetroleumbasedsprayoilsincitrus.NSWDepartmentofPrimaryIndustries.

• Ebeling1959–SubtropicalFruitPests

• FarnsworthB.2014–Evaluationofreplicatedsmallplotprograms–InnisfailApril2014

• KimptonT.2015–PhytogenConsulting–SACOABiopesttrialinAlmonds–Robinvale,Victoria

• NiceticO.etal2001–IntegratedPestmanagementofTwospottedmite

FIND OUT MORE

Furtherinformationisavailableat www.sacoa.com.auorbycontactingSACOAon0893867666orcontactyourlocalSACOArepresentative;

• JamieCox NorthEasternRegionalManager 0427100065

• DamonFleay WesternRegionalManager 0427425702

DISCLAIMER AND COPYRIGHT

Thisdocumentshouldactasaguideonlyandnopurchaseorusagedecisionsshouldbemadebasedontheinformationprovidedwithoutobtainingindependent,expertadvice.

SACOAandcontributorsdonotnecessarilyrecommendorendorseanyproductsormanufacturersreferredto.SACOAPtyLtdwillnotbeliableforanyloss,damage,costorexpenseincurredorarisingbyreasonofanypersonusingorrelyingontheinformationcontainedinthisdocument.MoreinformationisavailablefromSACOAviawww.sacoa.com.auor0893867666,orbycontactingyourlocalreseller.

©2020SACOAPtyLtdAllRightsReserved.SACOAandtheGREENSicon,ANTIEVAP,BIOPEST,COHORT700,CROPSHIELD,ENHANCE,PLANTOCROP,STIFLE,X-SEED,LUREH2OandSE14areregisteredtrademarksofSACOAPtyLtd.

Figure 2: AlmondOrchard,Robinvale,wherelastsummersreseachwasconducted.

(Source: Phytogen Consulting – Feb 2015)