8/17/2019 Mitosis Summary
1/11
Binary Fission
Cell Division
Dividing cell must:
A. Copy its genetic information.
B. Distribute genetic information
equally to each daughter
cell.
Prokaryotes
Bacteria!:
8/17/2019 Mitosis Summary
2/11
"he #ukaryotic Cell Cycle
$aryokinesis % &uclear Division
% occurs by mitosis
Cytokinesis % cytoplasmic Division
Parent Cell
Daughter Cells
'(
)*nterphase % cell makes preparations for division
)+ Phase % cell divides % involves , types of division:
-. $aryokinesis
,. Cytokinesis
)
)
8/17/2019 Mitosis Summary
3/11
ummary of +itosis
-. Chromosomes completely condensed.
,. Centrosomes migrate to/ard opposite poles.
0. +itotic spindle begins to form.
1. &ucleolus disappears.
Prophase
$ey #vents
-. Chromosomes begin to condense.
,. Centrosomes 2 centrioles! duplicated.
$ey #vents
#nd of ',
8/17/2019 Mitosis Summary
4/11
+itotic Chromosomes
pindle Attachment
ite
8/17/2019 Mitosis Summary
5/11
ummary of +itosis
-. pindle completely assembled.
,. &uclear membrane broken do/n.
0. pindle fibers attach to chromosomes.
1. Chromosomes begin to align.
Prometaphase
$ey #vents
$inetochore
+icrotubules
Polar
+icrotubules
Chromosomes
pindle Apparatus
+icrotubules!
Asters
Asters
8/17/2019 Mitosis Summary
6/11
ummary of +itosis
-. Chromosomes align along the metaphase
plate.
+etaphase
$ey #vent
8/17/2019 Mitosis Summary
7/11
ummary of +itosis
-. ister chromatids separate simultaneously.
,. Daughter chromosomes pulled to opposite
poles.
Anaphase
Anaphase
Anaphase
$ey #vents
8/17/2019 Mitosis Summary
8/11
Anaphase A and Anaphase B
Anaphase A
+etaphase
Anaphase B
Polar microtubulesslide apart3 pushes
poles and hence the
daughter chromosomes
further apart. "his is
Aided by the pulling of
"he poles by the asters.
$inetochore micro%
tubules shorten and
pull chromosomes
to opposite poles.
8/17/2019 Mitosis Summary
9/11
ummary of +itosis
-. Contractile ring forms.
,. Contractile ring pinches the cell into ,
daughter cells.
"elophase
"elophase 2 Cytokinesis
Cytokinesis % $ey #vents
Contractile
4ing
"elophase % $ey #vents
-. Daughter chromosomes arrive at the poles.
,. pindle disassembled.
0. &uclear membranes form.
1. Chromosomes decondense.
5. &ucleolus appears in each nucleus.
8/17/2019 Mitosis Summary
10/11
Cytokinesis in Animal Cells
Contractile 4ing
+icrofilaments!
Cleavage Furro/
Daughter
Cells
8/17/2019 Mitosis Summary
11/11
Cytokinesis in Plant Cells
Cell Plate
6esicles
Cell 7all
-. "he cell plate forms /hen vesicle filled /ith cell /all material and plasma membrane material gather
along the midline of the cell.
,. "he vesicles then fuse together to form a ne/ cell /all and plasma membrane that divide the cell into
t/o daughter cells.