Phoenix Convention Center • Phoenix, Arizona
Building Performance: Building Operator Training to Save Energy
Brian Gilligan, PE, LEED AP, General Services AdministrationAmanda Hatherly, Santa Fe Community College’s New Mexico Energy Smart
AcademySrinivas Katipamula, Ph.D., Staff Scientist, PNNL
Facilitator: Lisa Shulock, LEED AP O+M, Consortium for Building Energy Innovation/Penn State
August 11, 2015
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade2
• Focusing on two hands-on training programs for building operators with documented energy and cost savings:– Building Operator Certification (BOC)– Building Re-Tuning Training
• Federal Buildings Personnel Training Act and its relevance to you
Session Overview
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade3
1. Decide whether you, a co-worker or subordinate is a good candidate to attend BOC and/or BRT
2. List 3-5 common energy-saving opportunities that are discovered during building re-tuning
3. Make a persuasive case to your management or decision-makers about the value of investing in building operator training
Review Session Objectives
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade4
• Other than this conference, when was the last time you participated in training?
• How many of you think the building(s) you work in are energy efficient? Very? Somewhat? Not so much?
• Do you think the savings from training facilities staff generally result in energy savings of?– 0-5% – 5-25% or – 25-50% – 50% or greater
Questions
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade5
• Nationally recognized certification• Project-based• Short quiz assessments• Apply class learning to the building you are in• Main focus is energy efficiency• 72 hours, typically over 7 months
BOC – The Basics
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Building Re-Tuning is identifying and implementing no- and low-cost improvements to increase building energy efficiency. The training is targeted at people working in buildings who can learn to re-tune their buildings• Training formats:
– Online on-demand (2-6 hours)– In-person (1-2 days)
• Training options:– Small building without BAS– Large building with BAS
BRT – The Basics
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
FBPTA - Requirements of the Act
• Core Competencies for Federal buildings Personnel
• Recommended Curriculum and Continuing Education
• Annual updates to Competencies and Curriculum
• Compliance by all Federal buildings personnel
• Method for contractor compliance
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“…core competencies …relating to building operations and maintenance, energy
management, sustainability, water efficiency, safety (including electrical safety) and
building performance measures.”
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$2 Billion in potential operational savings from an educated Federal FM Workforce
Source: General Services Administration (GSA) Estimates based on the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Study “Assessing the Potential for a FEMP Operations and Maintenance (O&M) Program to Improve Energy Efficiency”, 2002
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FBPTA Core Competencies – BOC Coverage
BOC BOC BOC
BOC BOC BOC
BOC BOC BOC
BOC BOC BOC
BOC BOC BOC
BOC BOC BOC
BOC BOC BOC
BOC BOC BOCBOC BOC BOC
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BOC Level 1 Core Classes
• BOC 1001 – Energy Efficient Operation of Building HVAC Systems
• BOC 1002 – Measuring and Benchmarking Energy Performance
• BOC 1003 – Efficient Lighting Fundamentals • BOC 1004 – HVAC Controls Fundamentals • BOC 1005 – Indoor Environmental Quality • BOC 1006 – Common Opportunities for Low-
Cost Operational Improvement
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BOC Level 1 Supplemental Classes
• BOC 1007 – Facility Electrical Systems • BOC 1008 – Operation & Maintenance Practices for
Sustainable Buildings• BOC 1009 – Building Scoping for Operational
Improvement • BOC 1010 – Energy Efficient Ventilation Strategies and
High Performance Heating and Cooling Equipment • BOC 1011 – Energy Efficient Ventilation Strategies and
Energy Savings through Energy Recovery • BOC 1012 – High Performance Heating and Cooling
Equipment and Energy Savings through Energy Recovery
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BOC Level 2
• BOC 201 – Preventive Maintenance & Troubleshooting Principles
• BOC 202 – Advanced Electrical Diagnostics • BOC 203 – HVAC Troubleshooting & Maintenance • BOC 204 – HVAC Controls & Optimization SUPPLEMENTAL COURSES (2 offered per course series)• BOC 211 – Motors in Facilities • BOC 212 – Water Efficiency for Building Operators • BOC 213 – Mastering Electric Control Circuits • BOC 214 – Introduction to Building Commissioning • BOC 215 – Electric Motor Management • BOC 216 – Enhanced Automation and Demand Reduction
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Documented Savings
Results Across All Evaluation Reports kWh kW Therms
Average Annual Savings Per Certified Operator
92,000 12.5 1,260
Range 9,940 - 181,000
Range 3 - 37
Range 36 – 3,104
Average Savings Per Square Foot/Year
0.26 - * -
Range 0.02-.50 - -
Average % Energy Savings Per Certified Operator 2.4% - -
Notes: *For the few studies that calculated kW per sq. ft. the results varied widely so no conclusions were drawn.
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Meta-Analysis of ~100 Buildings
• What are the common re-tuning measures?• What are the expected savings, if a building is
re-tuned?• Analyzed over 100 buildings, documented the
common re-tuning measures– Documented whole building energy savings for a
subset of the buildings (~25)
~25 buildings
~50 buildings
~30 buildings
Classification of Re-tuning Measures
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Level of Effort
Potential Savings
For example, most desirable measures to implement are those that yield high savings but require low effort
Scheduling measures fall in this category
Meta-Analysis: Common Measures
– Lack of proper schedules for HVAC and lighting systems
– Lack of schedules for exhaust fans or fans running during warm-up mode
– Lack of night set backs– Lack of occupancy-based
controls for common areas (conference rooms, kitchen, etc.)
– Lack of photo sensors or sensors in the wrong locations for exterior lighting controls
– Lack of automatic lighting controls
– One or more faulty sensors
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Improper air flow sensors or stuck zone dampersImproper minimum outdoor-air setting during morning warm-upLack of static pressure or discharge temperature reset on AHUsLack of chilled/hot water temperature resetLack of differential pressure reset on chilled/hot water distribution loopImproper heating/cooling set points or dead bands
Almost every building had some re-tuning measures to consider
Meta-Analysis: Distribution of Re-tuning Measures
• Although the sample is biased towards office buildings, there appears to be no difference in the distribution of re-tuning measures by building type, vintage, and size
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15%
15%
20%
25%
25%
25%
30%
30%
30%
30%
40%
45%
50%
50%
65%
65%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80%
No hot water differential pressure reset
Lack automatic lighting controls
No night set backs
Improper heating/cooling set points
Improper dead bands
No photo sensors or improper location
Faulty sensors
Improper mininum outdoor air setting during warm-up
No hot water temperature reset
No Chilled water differential pressure reset
Lack occupancy based controls for common areas
No chilled water temperature reset
Lack proper schedule for AHUs & lack schedules for fans
Lack proper schedule for exhaust fans during warm-up
No static pressure reset
No discharge temperature reset
Building [%]
Meta-Analysis: Summary
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Meta-Analysis: Summary (cont.)
• Annual energy savings ranged between 2% to 26%, with a median savings of 15%
• Annual normalized cost savings ranged between 0.0$/sf to 0.6$/sf, with a median savings of 0.12$/sf
• If all re-tuning measures identified were implemented, the savings could have been even larger
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Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade20
GSA Retuning Case Studies
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade21
LBJ Department of Education Headquarters• Built in 1961• 550,800 rsf• Full modernization in 1996• HVAC commissioned in 2010
GSA Retuning Case Studies
William Bryant Courthouse Annex• Built in 2005• 264,842 rsf• 9 courtrooms, 19 chambers and office space for court functions
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Retuning with BAS vs Without BAS
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In the first four months since re-tuning:• LBJ saved 21.7% on electricity usage• Annex 8.2% on electricity usage
Electricity Savings – LBJ & Bryant
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Best aspect of course was “seeing actual equipment and hearing/seeing ‘real life’ issues/problems and how they were solved.”
Senior Project Manager, Healthy Buildings
Building owners can encourage O&M contractors
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Efficacy Study – Building Manager Interviews
Re-Tuning for Buildings
Collect Initial Building Information
• Building Automation System
Pre-Re-Tuning Activities
• Trending Air Handling Units• Tending Economizer Operations• Trending Terminal Units in Air Distribution
System• Central Utility Plant
Re-Tuning Activities
• Economizer• Unoccupied and Night Setback• SDVAV AHU• Reset CHWST• Reset Differential Pressure• Chiller Staging Control• Condensing Water Temperature Control
Building managers were interviewed using the Course Competency Maps for each course to document which competencies, knowledge areas, and actions were learned from the course.
Re-Tuning for Buildings
Conduct Building Walkdown
• Review Electrical and Mechanical Prints• Walkdown of Building
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade26
Regions have approved training providers; some have more than othersGo to http://theboc.info/h-training-locations.html to find a training near you
Finding BOC training opportunities
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade27
• Online PNNL training available on demand• DOE is funding CBEI to deploy in-person/remote
BRT broadly in the marketplace (beginning in 2016)• BOMA and APPA trainers are being trained to
deliver BRT• We are also working with two consulting/training
firms to develop and deploy a training program for BRT with BAS
• Other providers also delivering BRT• Visit out website at
http://cbei.psu.edu/retuning-training-and-cases/
Finding BRT training opportunities
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade28
Training Organization Location Building Automation System (BAS)?
Building Type Format and Subsidy
APPA International Various BAS & non-BAS Educational institutions
1-2 days in-person; subsidized
BOMA International Various Non-BAS (& BAS in 2016) Commercial 1-2 days in-person;
subsidized
Manex California Bay Area BAS Manufacturi
ng
Multi-week training; free to PG&E manufacturing customers
CUNY Building Performance Lab
NYC Metro Area BAS Commercial
BuildingsFive 3-hour classes spread over 5 weeks; subsidized by NYSERDA
Performance Systems Development (PSD) Remote Both BAS and non-
BASCommercial Buildings
Remote training; subsidized by NYSERDA
PennTAP PA Non-BAS Government & schools
1-2 days in-person; subsidized
PNNL Interactive Online Course Internet Both BAS and non-
BASCommercial Buildings
6-hour online training with 3-D simulation
Building Re-tuning Training Opportunities
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade29
QUESTIONS
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade30
1. Decide whether you, a co-worker or subordinate is a good candidate to attend BOC and/or BRT
2. List 3-5 common energy-saving opportunities that are discovered during building re-tuning
3. Make a persuasive case to your management or decision-makers about the value of investing in building operator training
Session Objectives
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
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Our contact info
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade
http://theboc.info
http://retuning.org
http://retuningtraining.labworks.org
https://www4.eere.energy.gov/workforce/projects/buildings-retuning-training
http://cbei.psu.edu/retuning-training-and-cases/ 32
Resources
Energy Exchange: Federal Sustainability for the Next Decade33
Utilities Avista Utilities, Bay State Gas, Benton Co. PUD, Berkshire Gas, Boston Edison, Boston Gas, Central Electric Cooperative, Chelan Co. PUD, Colonial Gas, COM/Electric, COM/Gas, Concord Electric, Connecticut Light & Power, Cowlitz County PUD, Eugene Water and Electric Board, Essex Gas, Exeter and Hampton Electric, Fall River Gas, Fitchburg Gas & Electric Light, Franklin Co. PUD, Idaho Power, Midstate Electric Cooperative, New Hampshire Electric Coop, Northwest Natural Gas, NorthWestern Energy, Pacific Gas & Electric, PacifiCorp, Portland General Electric, Public Service Co. of New Hampshire, Public Service Company of New Mexico, Puget Sound Energy, City of Richland, Sacramento Municipal Utility District, San Diego Gas & Electric, Seattle City Light, Snohomish Co. PUD, Southern California Edison, Southern California Gas, Springfield Utilities Board, Tacoma Power, Western Massachusetts Electric CompanyGovernmentU.S. Department of Energy Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP), Washington State Department of General Administration, State of Illinois, State of Minnesota, State of Ohio, New York State Energy Research and Development AuthorityOrganizationsLocal chapters of the American Society of Hospital Engineers, National School Plan Management Association, Building Owners and Managers Association, and the International Facility Management Association
Sponsors of BOC
Phoenix Convention Center • Phoenix, Arizona
THANK YOU