8/7/2019 PPTS of Abstract
1/20
Planar/Patch Antenna Technology andApplications
8/7/2019 PPTS of Abstract
2/20
Introduction to Patch Antennas
# Printed resonant antennas for Narrowband MW wireless links
# It consists of a metal patch suspended over a dielectric Substrate
# Conventionally They are used in mainly Narrow BW applications
# Now-a-day these are working for broadband applications also
UWB (3.1GHz to 10.6GHz) and WiMAX (10 GHz to 66 GHz)
8/7/2019 PPTS of Abstract
3/20
Advantages
Cheap in Cost Light in weight Small in size (volume) Better Performance Easy installation and replacement
Aerodynamic profile Mass Production (PCB Technology) They allow for Dual, Triple & Multiband Operations
8/7/2019 PPTS of Abstract
4/20
Application areas
Spacecrafts Aircrafts Missiles
In Satellite imaging systems GSM (Global Systems for Mobile Communications) GPS (Global Positioning System) In Microwave Relay Equipments
In Satellites Consumer Electronics
8/7/2019 PPTS of Abstract
5/20
Limitations Narrow frequency Bandwidth
Low gain
Low power handling capacity High Q
Poor Polarization Purity.
Note : Now a days Narrow frequency BW is not an issueThese Planar antennas are working well for Broadband applications
8/7/2019 PPTS of Abstract
6/20
Physical structure of Patch Antenna Main parts :
1. Ground Plane.2. Dielectric Substrate.
3. Radiating Patch
4. Microstripline
8/7/2019 PPTS of Abstract
7/20
Various structures of the patches:
Rectangular, Square, circular, elliptical, Triangular, etc..
8/7/2019 PPTS of Abstract
8/20
Feeding methods:Some important configurations are used to feed the Antennas
1. Microstrip line feeding *
2. Coplanar Wave Guide (CPW) Feeding
3. Coaxial probe feeding
4. Triangular Tapered Line Feeding *The Microstrip-line and CPW Feeding methods are simple and easy to
fabricate and match the impedance of the antenna.
Fig. Microstrip Line fed patch antenna Fig. CPW Fed Patch Antenna
8/7/2019 PPTS of Abstract
9/20
Coaxial line feeding : The inner conductor is attached to the Patch &
the outer conductoris connected to the ground.
Fig. Triangular Tapered Feed Line fed patch antenna
Fig. Coaxial Line fed patch antenna
Triangular Tapered Line Feeding : Very important Broadband Technique
8/7/2019 PPTS of Abstract
10/20
Ultra Wide Band (UWB) Technology andApplications
8/7/2019 PPTS of Abstract
11/20
UWB Spectrum FCC ruling permits UWB spectrum overlay
1.6 1.9 2.4
Bluetooth,802.11bCordless PhonesMicrowave OvensG
PS
PCS
5
802.11a
-41 dBm/Mhz Part 15 LimitUWBSpectrum
Frequency (Ghz)
Emitted
Signal
Power
10.63.1
FCC ruling issued 2/14/2002 after ~4 years of study & public
debate
8/7/2019 PPTS of Abstract
12/20
Related Standards
IEEE 802.15 : Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN)
IEEE 802.15.1 : Bluetooth, 1Mbps
IEEE 802.15.3 : WPAN/high rate, 50Mbps
IEEE 802.15.3a: WPAN/Higher rate, 200Mbps, UWB IEEE 802.15.4 : WPAN/low-rate, low-power, mW level, 200kbps
8/7/2019 PPTS of Abstract
13/20
So why is UWB so Interesting?
7.5 Ghz of free spectrum in the U.S.
FCC recently legalized UWB for commercial useSpectrum allocation overlays existing users, but its allowed
power level is very low to minimize interference
Very high data rates possible
500 Mbps can be achieved at distances of 10 feet under currentregulations
Moores Law Radio
Data rate scales with the shorter pulse widths made possible with
ever faster CMOS circuits Simple CMOS transmitters at very low power
Suitable for battery-operated devices
Low power is CMOS friendly
8/7/2019 PPTS of Abstract
14/20
UWB Application 1 : WPAN
MobileMobile
ClusterCluster
handheld PCshandheld PCs
tabletstablets
MP3MP3
PDAsPDAs
mobilemobilephonephone
3G3Ghandsetshandsets
cameracameraphonesphones
laptopslaptops
printersprinters
speakersspeakers
PCPC
ClusterCluster
storagestoragedevicesdevices
ScannersScanners
scannersscanners
DVDDVDplayersplayers
Desktop and Laptop PCs
High res. printers, scanners,
storage devices, etc
Connectivity to mobile and
CE devices
Mobile Devices
Multimedia files, MP3, games, video
Personal connectivity
CE Devices Cameras, DVD, PVR, HDTV
Personal connectivity
camerascameras
CECEClusterClusterHDTVHDTV
STBsSTBs
VCRsVCRs
PVRsPVRs
camcorderscamcordersconsoleconsolegamesgames
audioaudiosystemssystems
8/7/2019 PPTS of Abstract
15/20
Wireless Connectivity Among the Consumer Electronics Appliances. (WPAN)
8/7/2019 PPTS of Abstract
16/20
UWB Application 2
Positioning, Geolocation, Localization
High Multipath EnvironmentsObscured Environments
Communications
High Multipath EnvironmentsShort Range High Data RateLow Probability of Intercept/ Interference
Radar/Sensor : MIR (motion detector, range-finder, etc.)Military and Commercial: Asset Protection
Anti-Terrorist/Law EnforcementRescue Applications
8/7/2019 PPTS of Abstract
17/20
UWB Industries
ther Wire & Location (USA) (http://www.aetherwire.com ) Low power, miniature, distributed position location (Localizers) and communication devices. DARPA Projects (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency)
Intel (USA) (http://www.intel.com/technology/itj/q22001/articles/art_4.htm )
UWB for communicating between devices, instead of networking PCs (wireless USB);Pulse-Link (USA) (Fantasma Networks IP) (http://www.pulselink.net/default.htm ) Very active on patents and IP; Development of UWB platform for wireless video, short and long (km) range communication,
positioning.Time Domain (USA) (Pulse-ON technology) (http://www.time-domain.com ) Wireless Communications (Home WLAN), Precision Location and Tracking and High
Definition Portable Radar Already a 5-chip chipset: PulseON chipset (IBM foundry)
MultiSpectral Solutions, Inc (MSSI) (USA) (http://www.multispectral.com ) High-speed communications networks and data links, collision and obstacle avoidance
radars, precisiongeolocation systems for personnel location and mapping, intelligent transportation systems.
XtremeSpectrum (USA) (http://www.xtremespectrum.com ) First product announced for middle 2002
McEwan Techologies (USA) (http://www.mcewantechnologies.com ) McEwan Technologies licenses its wideband and ultra-wideband (UWB) radar sensor
technology toindustry. Thomas McEwan is the inventor of the MIR Rangefinder UWB radar developed at
theLawrence Livermore National Laboratories (LLNL).
Wisair (Israel) (http://www.wisair.com )
8/7/2019 PPTS of Abstract
18/20
Academic Activity
University of California, Berkeley (USA), Berkeley Ultra-Wideband Group(http://bwrc.eecs.berkeley.edu/Research/UWB/default.htm ) Design of UWB transceiver realized in a conventional CMOS technology, low power implementation.
University of Southern California (USA), The UltraLab (http://ultra.usc.edu/New_Site/index.html ) UWB propagation and antenna measurements and modeling; Coexistence with existing radio systems;
signal processing integration, and custom chip and circuit design.University of Massachusetts (USA) (http://www.ecs.umass.edu/ece/labs/antlab.html ) Analysis, design, and development of microstrip antennas and arrays; including a broader interest in
related radiation and scattering problems.Rutgers Winlab (USA), WINLAB research and partnerships are aimed at developing the architectural and
technical underpinnings that will enable the Mobile Internet (http://www.winlab.rutgers.edu/pub/docs/focus/UWB.html ) Design and prototyping of an ultra-wide band (UWB) physical layer (modem) and medium access
control (MAC), optimized for short-range, super high-speed (~100s of Mbps) applications.INSA Rennes (France), Laboratoire Composants et Systme de Tlcommunication (LCST),Groupe Diffraction
(http://www.insa-rennes.fr/l-lcst/gdid/) Analysis of UWB radio and radar systems.Universit di Padova (Italy), CESP, Communication Engineering staff in Padova
(http://www.dei.unipd.it/ricerca/cesp/research/iruwb.html ) Investigation of the physical layer, use of existing models for the UWB channel, definition of
appropriate time-hopping codes, modeling the multi-user interference, implementation and performances of an IR receiver, etcUniversit di Roma (Italy), UWB Group, (http://wsfalco.ing.uniroma1.it/Projects/UWB/Uframes.html )
At the origin of the proposal of an IST research project called whyless.com focused on the design of anOpen Mobile Access Network based on UWB radio technique. The project started in January 2001.
Whyless.com (Europe), The open mobile access network, IST Project 2000-25197
whyless.com will research scalable radio technology and network resource trading principles in where UWB is a candidate.UCAN Ultra-wideband Concepts for Ad-hoc Networks, (Europe), IST Poject 2001-32710 (http://www.ucan.biz )
UCAN is a Research and Technological Development (RTD) Project sponsored by the EUs ISTProgram(Information Society Technologies), action line IV.5.2 Terrestrial wireless system and networks.
The objective of UCAN is to provide a generic platform for a self-organizing WPAN containing highaccuracy indoor-positioning functionality: called "UWB-Demonstrator".
ETHZ, Communication Theory Group, (http://www.nari.ee.ethz.ch/commth/research/topics.html ) Establishing realistic UWBM channel models, establishing the ultimate information-theoretic performance
limits, and devising modulation and coding schemes for UWBM taking into account real-world propagation conditions.
8/7/2019 PPTS of Abstract
19/20
[1] Ramu Pillalamarri and R. S. Kshetrimayum Single Printed Monopole Antenna and Notched Antenna withTriangular Tapered Feed Lines for Triband and Penta band Applications, in Proc. IEEE Indicon 2007, Bangalore,
Sept. 2007.
[2] Ramu Pillalamarri , R. S. Kshetrimayum and D. Day Accurate Determination of Antenna Impedance ofMicrostrip Line-Fed Patch Antennas, in Proc. IEEE Indicon 2007, Bangalore, Sept. 2007.
[3] Ramu Pillalamarri, R. S. Kshetrimayum and A. R. Putla, Printed UWB Circular and Modified Circular DiscMonopole Antennas, in Proc IEEE Applied Electromagnetics Conference, Kolkatta, India, December 2007.
[4] R. S. Kshetrimayum and Ramu Pillalamarri Novel UWB printed monopole antenna with triangular tapered
feed lines, published in IEICE Electronics Express (ELEX), Japan, November 2007.[5] Y.-L. Kuo and K.-L. Wong, Printed Double-T Monopole Antenna for 2.4/5.2 GHz Dual-Band WLANOperations, IEEE Trans. Ant. and Propagat., vol. 51, no. 9, pp. 2187-2192, Sept. 2003.
[6] K. P. Ray and Y. Ranga, Printed Rectangular Monopole Antennas, IEEE Antennas and Propagation SocietyInternational Symposium, pp.1693-1696, 9-14 July, 2006
[7] S. K. Palit, and A Hamadi, "A dual-band notch microstrip antenna for mobile communications," Asia- PacificMicrowave Conference Proceedings, Dec. 1996, vol. I , pp. 299 -302.
[8] N. P. Agrawall, G. Kumar, and K. P. Ray, Wide-Band Planar Monopole Antennas, IEEE Transactions onAntennas and Propagation, vol. 46, no. 2, February 1998, pp. 294-295.
[9] G. L. Matthaei, L. Young and E. M. T. Jones, Microwave filters, Impedance-matching networks and couplingstructures, Artech House, MA, 1980
References
8/7/2019 PPTS of Abstract
20/20
THANK YOU