May 27, 2010Hozumi KATSUTA
Senior Advisor for Transport Sector in Vietnam JICA OfficeJapan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
REVIEW of JICA’s EXPERIENCE in PROMORTING SUSTAINABLE
URBAN TRANSPORT in ASIA
“New” JICA started its operation on October 1, 2008, which provides Grant Aid, Technical Cooperation and ODA Loans.
JICA will seek to further its partnerships with NGOs, private sector entities, etc.
Official Development Assistance(ODA)Official Development Assistance(ODA)
LA: $ 5.7 billionGA: $ 3.4 billionTC: $ 2.6 billionTotal $11.7 billion
Japan’s Bilateral ODA (2007)Japan’s Bilateral ODA (2007)
Trends in Japan’s ODA Budget and other Major ExpenditureTrends in Japan’s ODA Budget and other Major Expenditure
(Reference : WB, ADB, Japan’s ODA white paper)
Aid Trend of WB, ADB and JapanAid Trend of WB, ADB and Japan
( Reference : WB, ADB, Japan’s ODA white paper )
0%20%40%60%80%
100%WB (運輸セクター) WB (その他)
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
WB
ADB
JAPAN
Transportation Others
(average:16%)
(average:32%)
(average:25%)
Aid Achievements on Transportation Sector in WB, ADB, JapanAid Achievements on Transportation Sector in WB, ADB, Japan
Master Plan
Construction Project
Capacity Development
JICA New Vision「 Inclusive and Dynamic Development 」
1) Addressing the global agenda
2) Reducing poverty through equitable growth
3) Improving governance, Capacity Development
4) Achieving human security
JICA’s Approach in Transport Sector DevelopmentJICA’s Approach in Transport Sector Development
・Ulaanbaatar
・Seoul
・Jiujiang・Zhejiang・Chongqing・Dalian・Chengdu
・Manila (4)・Davao・Infanta・Real
・Hanoi (3)・Ho chi minh・Da Nang
・Phnom Penh
・Johor Bahru・Klang Valley・Kuala Lumpur
・Singapore
・Medan・Surabaya (2)・Jakarta (2)・Ujung Pandang・Jabotabek
・Vientiane (2)
・Bangkok (2)・Chiang Mai
・Kathmandu
・Kolkata
・Colombo(2)
・Lahore
・Kabul
・Tehran・Baghdad
・Baku・
Istanbul・Damascus(2)・
Tripoli・Beirut
・Cairo(3)
・Juba
・Nairobi・Kampala
・Bujumbura ・Dar es Salaam
・Lilongwe
・Lusaka
・Monrovia
・Bucharest
・Guadalajara
・Guatemala
・Managua
・Panama ・Caracas
・Barranquilla・Cartagena・Bogotá
・Guayaquil
・Lima
・Belém
・Asunción
・Santiago
JICA Master Plan Project in the WorldJICA Master Plan Project in the World
3 Examples1.1. DHAKA Urban Transport ProjectDHAKA Urban Transport Project (Bangladesh)(Bangladesh)
2.2. JABODETABEK Transportation Master Plan JABODETABEK Transportation Master Plan ProjectProject
(Indonesia)(Indonesia)
3.3. Transportation Master Plan ProjectTransportation Master Plan Project (Vietnam)(Vietnam)
Source) M/P report, *: Home page of MOFANote) Capital of Vietnam is old Hanoi
921661145Area(Capital:km2)
1064('09)*2590('09)*624('08)*GDP per Capita
3200('05)9140('08)*6700('06)Capital Population('000)
VietnamIndonesiaBangladesh
Explanation of Some AssistancesExplanation of Some Assistances
Outline of DhakaOutline of Dhaka
3.08%3.34%3.75%4.40%DMA
6,5102009-2025DMA
15,66113,45711,4169,1516,483DMA
2001 2009 2015 2020 2025
Population (1,000)
RAJUK 10,621 14,514 18,079 21,455 25,410Increased Population (1,000)
RAJUK 2009-2025 10,896Growth Rate
RAJUK 3.98% 3.73% 3.48% 3.44%
Population Projection
2009
Population Distribution Scenarios, 2009-2025
2025
Location Map of Dhaka
• Low rate of road development
• Low quality public transport service (Bus)
• Inappropriate intersection management
• Inefficient use of road space due to rode side parking• Delay of development of pedestrian space (sidewalk,
crosswalk)
Main IssuesMain Issues
2005 2006
World Bank World Bank (WB) (WB) Strategic Strategic
TranspTranspoortation Planrtation Plan
20112009
Short Term Mid Term Long Term
JICAJICATechnical CooperationTechnical CooperationOn Traffic ManagementOn Traffic Management
JICAJICAProject Project
FormulationFormulation
JICAJICAMRTMRT
WBWBBRTBRT
Survey Implementation of Projects
Master PlanMaster Plan
- Review of Master Plan-Development Scenario (short term, mid term
and long term)
Today
WB CASE ProjectWB CASE Project(Clean Air and Sustainable (Clean Air and Sustainable
Environment)Environment)
JICAJICAPreparatory Preparatory
SurveySurvey
Transport Infrastructure Development ScenarioTransport Infrastructure Development Scenario
Line 1 (Red): BRTLine 1 (Red): BRT15km15km
Line 2 (Blue): BRTLine 2 (Blue): BRT12km12km
Line 3 (Yellow): BRTLine 3 (Yellow): BRT18km18km
Line 4 (Green): MRTLine 4 (Green): MRT22km22km
Line 5 (Brown): MRTLine 5 (Brown): MRT34km34km
Line 6 (Purple): MRTLine 6 (Purple): MRT22km22km
出展:出展:STPSTP
Proposed Project (Track System)Proposed Project (Track System)
JABODETABEK Transportation Master PlanProject(Indonesia)
JABODETABEK Transportation Master PlanProject(Indonesia)
1. Promotion of public transport utilization2. Alleviation of traffic congestion3. Reduction of air pollution and noise4. Reduction of traffic accident
Basic Policy of SITRAMP(Study on Integrated Transport
Master Plan)
2004 2010 Long- trem
SITRAMP(2001- 2004)
MRT
Outer Ring Road, Second Outer ring road
Acsess road for Tnajunpriok port
MRT Network expansion
ATC System
Four track, electrification of existing railway
Feeder serviceImprovement
BuswayDevelopment
Transport Development OutlineTransport Development Outline
Indonesia MRT NetworkIndonesia MRT NetworkJakarta Mass Transit System
Kota
Depot
Feasibility Study conducted in the Master Plan (as of 2001)
Project Fiscal YearEquipment Supply for Local Roads Support Works 1980-Road Rehabilitation Project 1988-
Rehabilitation of Ampera Bridge on Musi River Project 1988-Jakarta Tollway Project (Road Works for Intra Urban Tollway and EngineeringServices for Outer Ring Road) 1989
Tomang Flyover (Phase II) and Interchange Construction Project 1991
Slipi Flyover Construction Project 1990Cawang Flyover Construction Project 1990South Sumatera Roads Rehabilitation Project 1992Semanggi and Taman Ria Senayan Flyovers Construction Project 1990
Road Maintenance Improvement Project 1991-Heavy Loaded Road Improvement Project 1991-Rehabilitation of Bridges for Java North Line 1992-Road Rehabilitation Project (III) 1993-Twelve Provinces Bridge Replacement and Rehabilitation Project 1995
Local and Urban Road Development Project 1999Construction Project of the Northern Extension of the South-West Arc (Pluit-Grogol) 1999Sumatra East Coast Highways Project 1998Urban Arterial Roads Improvement in Metropolitan and Large Cities Project 1998North Java Corridor Flyover Project 2005
Tanjung Priok Access Road Construction Project(I) 2005
Road Development in Indonesia by JapanRoad Development in Indonesia by Japan
1. Urban development based on UMRT2. Development of road network3. Integrated application of traffic management4. Strengthening of Administrative capacity
Transportation Master Plan Project (Vietnam)Transportation Master Plan Project (Vietnam)
Basic Policy of Urban Transport in HAIDEP
(The Comprehensive Urban Development Program in Hanoi Capital City)
2004 2010 Long Term
HAIDEP (2004-2007)
Road SafetyM/ P
MRT Line1
MRT Line2
TechnicalStandard
TCP for RoadSafety in Hanoi
IntegratedMRT&Urban Dev
TCP for PoliceAcademy
Ring Road No.3
Transport Infrastructure DevelopmentBridge Construction
Development OutlineDevelopment Outline
National Highway
No 1 To HCM
National Highway No 5
To Hai Phong
Ring road No 3 Construction Project (280)
Thang Long Industrial
Park
Red River Bridge (Thanh Tri Bridge)
Construction Project (409)
Hanoi Road Infrastructure Network
Hanoi Transport Network Development Project (125)
①KimLien tunnel ②NgaTuSo fly-over ③NgaTuVong fly-over
①
② ③
Vinh TuyBridge
National Highway No18 To Ha Long
National Highway No 1 to Lang Son
Highway No 6 To HoaBinh
National Highway No 3 To Thai Nguyen
Hoa Lac Expressway To Hoa Lac
Noi Bai International Airport Terminal 2 Construction
Nhat Tan Bridge(VN-JP
Friendship Bridge)
Noi Bai International Airport- Nhat Tan Bridge Road Construction Project (65)
NH No 5 Improvement Project (209)
NH No 18 Improvement
Project (234)
NH No3 Network Development
Project(124) )
Hanoi Infrastructure Development Project (114)
HanoiTransport
Network Development Project (125)
(Construction of
National Highway No 1A
National Highway No 1A
NH No1’s Bridge Rehabilitation Project(the second time)
(
National Highway No 2
To Ha Giang
Mar.2013
2012
Oct.2010
2012
Feb.2014
2013
2011
National Highway No 3 (New one)
Yen Loan (constructed)
Yen Loan (under-construction) State Budget (constructed)
State Budget(under-construction)
April, 2010
Name of Project (L/A Amount(Mil yen))
Plan year of completion
Hanoi RoadInfrastructure
Network
Hanoi RoadInfrastructure
Network
For Sustainable Development of Urban Transport
ChallengesChallenges
1. Development of Public Transport2. Development of Appropriate Road Network3. Traffic Management (Road Safety)4. Securing Development/Maintenance Fund5. Others (Environmental Protection)
Standardization of Technical Affairs→Unification of Spare parts, mutual usage of tracks by different lines
Consideration of feeder Transport → Station plaza, Connection with other mode
Upgrading service level (Frequency, etc)
TOD
Subsidy
1. Development of Public Transport1. Development of Public Transport
(1) Railway
Bus Lane, BRT
Operation Mechanism (Public/Private, Routes, etc)
TOD
Subsidy
1. Development of Public Transport1. Development of Public Transport
(2) Bus
(1) Bottleneck improvement
(2) Missing link connection
(3) Ring road development
2. Development of Appropriate Road Network2. Development of Appropriate Road Network
(1) To maximize use of existing facilities
Small scale measures
Signaling
(2) To strengthen traffic enforcement
(3) Education (Communication)
3. Traffic Management (Road Safety)3. Traffic Management (Road Safety)
(1) Establishment of earmarked fund
Full-application of “the beneficiary payment principal “(Automobile related taxes)
Other policies (ex. TDM)
(2) Participation of private sector
4. Securing Development/Maintenance fund4. Securing Development/Maintenance fund
Environmental Protection
Regulations for transport operation
How to treat informal transport operation?
Streamlining of relationship among related administrative organizations
Capacity development of officials
5. Others5. Others
1. Formulation of master plan
2. Selection and concentration of assistance
3. Strong Collaboration of hard and soft development
Our StrategyOur Strategy
Programmed approach oriented by Master Plan
Necessity of comprehensive framework
Importance of coordination process
Scientific consideration
Based on actual data( person trip survey, traffic survey)
Four step method STRADA
1. Formulation of Master Plan1. Formulation of Master Plan
Budgetary Constraints
Selection of priority projects
Sharing of burden with recipient country ( national government, local government), donors and private sectors
2. Selection and Concentration of Assistance2. Selection and Concentration of Assistance
From planning, implementation to O & M ( as new JICA)
Capacity development
3. Strong Collaboration of Hard and Soft Development
3. Strong Collaboration of Hard and Soft Development