May 27, 2010Hozumi KATSUTA

Senior Advisor for Transport Sector in Vietnam JICA OfficeJapan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)

REVIEW of JICA’s EXPERIENCE in PROMORTING SUSTAINABLE

URBAN TRANSPORT in ASIA

“New” JICA started its operation on October 1, 2008, which provides Grant Aid, Technical Cooperation and ODA Loans.

JICA will seek to further its partnerships with NGOs, private sector entities, etc.

Official Development Assistance（ODA）Official Development Assistance（ODA）

LA: $ 5.7 billionGA: $ 3.4 billionTC: $ 2.6 billionTotal $11.7 billion

Japan’s Bilateral ODA (2007)Japan’s Bilateral ODA (2007)

Trends in Japan’s ODA Budget and other Major ExpenditureTrends in Japan’s ODA Budget and other Major Expenditure

Aid Disbursement of Major Donor CountriesAid Disbursement of Major Donor Countries

（Reference : WB, ADB, Japan’s ODA white paper）

Aid Trend of WB, ADB and JapanAid Trend of WB, ADB and Japan

（ Reference : WB, ADB, Japan’s ODA white paper ）

0%20%40%60%80%

100%WB (運輸セクター) WB (その他)

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

WB

ADB

JAPAN

Transportation Others

（average：16%）

（average：32%）

（average：25%）

Aid Achievements on Transportation Sector in WB, ADB, JapanAid Achievements on Transportation Sector in WB, ADB, Japan

Master Plan

Construction Project

Capacity Development

JICA New Vision「 Inclusive and Dynamic Development 」

1) Addressing the global agenda

2) Reducing poverty through equitable growth

3) Improving governance, Capacity Development

4) Achieving human security

JICA’s Approach in Transport Sector DevelopmentJICA’s Approach in Transport Sector Development

・Ulaanbaatar

・Seoul

・Jiujiang・Zhejiang・Chongqing・Dalian・Chengdu

・Manila (4)・Davao・Infanta・Real

・Hanoi (3)・Ho chi minh・Da Nang

・Phnom Penh

・Johor Bahru・Klang Valley・Kuala Lumpur

・Singapore

・Medan・Surabaya (2)・Jakarta (2)・Ujung Pandang・Jabotabek

・Vientiane (2)

・Bangkok (2)・Chiang Mai

・Kathmandu

・Kolkata

・Colombo(2)

・Lahore

・Kabul

・Tehran・Baghdad

・Baku・

Istanbul・Damascus(2)・

Tripoli・Beirut

・Cairo(3)

・Juba

・Nairobi・Kampala

・Bujumbura ・Dar es Salaam

・Lilongwe

・Lusaka

・Monrovia

・Bucharest

・Guadalajara

・Guatemala

・Managua

・Panama ・Caracas

・Barranquilla・Cartagena・Bogotá

・Guayaquil

・Lima

・Belém

・Asunción

・Santiago

JICA Master Plan Project in the WorldJICA Master Plan Project in the World

3 Examples1.1. DHAKA Urban Transport ProjectDHAKA Urban Transport Project (Bangladesh)(Bangladesh)

2.2. JABODETABEK Transportation Master Plan JABODETABEK Transportation Master Plan ProjectProject

(Indonesia)(Indonesia)

3.3. Transportation Master Plan ProjectTransportation Master Plan Project (Vietnam)(Vietnam)

Source) M/P report, *: Home page of MOFANote) Capital of Vietnam is old Hanoi

921661145Area(Capital:km2)

1064('09)*2590('09)*624('08)*GDP per Capita

3200('05)9140('08)*6700('06)Capital Population('000)

VietnamIndonesiaBangladesh

Explanation of Some AssistancesExplanation of Some Assistances

DHAKA Urban Transport Project (Bangladesh)DHAKA Urban Transport Project (Bangladesh)

Outline of DhakaOutline of Dhaka

3.08%3.34%3.75%4.40%DMA

6,5102009-2025DMA

15,66113,45711,4169,1516,483DMA

2001 2009 2015 2020 2025

Population (1,000)

RAJUK 10,621 14,514 18,079 21,455 25,410Increased Population (1,000)

RAJUK 2009-2025 10,896Growth Rate

RAJUK 3.98% 3.73% 3.48% 3.44%

Population Projection

2009

Population Distribution Scenarios, 2009-2025

2025

Location Map of Dhaka

• Low rate of road development

• Low quality public transport service (Bus)

• Inappropriate intersection management

• Inefficient use of road space due to rode side parking• Delay of development of pedestrian space (sidewalk,

crosswalk)

Main IssuesMain Issues

Step-by-Step Approach to Solve the ProblemsStep-by-Step Approach to Solve the Problems

2005 2006

World Bank World Bank (WB) (WB) Strategic Strategic

TranspTranspoortation Planrtation Plan

20112009

Short Term Mid Term Long Term

JICAJICATechnical CooperationTechnical CooperationOn Traffic ManagementOn Traffic Management

JICAJICAProject Project

FormulationFormulation

JICAJICAMRTMRT

WBWBBRTBRT

Survey Implementation of Projects

Master PlanMaster Plan

- Review of Master Plan-Development Scenario (short term, mid term

and long term)

Today

WB CASE ProjectWB CASE Project(Clean Air and Sustainable (Clean Air and Sustainable

Environment)Environment)

JICAJICAPreparatory Preparatory

SurveySurvey

Transport Infrastructure Development ScenarioTransport Infrastructure Development Scenario

Line 1 (Red): BRTLine 1 (Red): BRT15km15km

Line 2 (Blue): BRTLine 2 (Blue): BRT12km12km

Line 3 (Yellow): BRTLine 3 (Yellow): BRT18km18km

Line 4 (Green): MRTLine 4 (Green): MRT22km22km

Line 5 (Brown): MRTLine 5 (Brown): MRT34km34km

Line 6 (Purple): MRTLine 6 (Purple): MRT22km22km

出展：出展：STPSTP

Proposed Project (Track System)Proposed Project (Track System)

Proposed Project (Road)Proposed Project (Road)

JABODETABEK Transportation Master PlanProject（Indonesia)

JABODETABEK Transportation Master PlanProject（Indonesia)

1. Promotion of public transport utilization2. Alleviation of traffic congestion3. Reduction of air pollution and noise4. Reduction of traffic accident

Basic Policy of SITRAMP(Study on Integrated Transport

Master Plan)

2004 2010 Long- trem

SITRAMP(2001- 2004)

MRT

Outer Ring Road, Second Outer ring road

Acsess road for Tnajunpriok port

MRT Network expansion

ATC System

Four track, electrification of existing railway

Feeder serviceImprovement

BuswayDevelopment

Transport Development OutlineTransport Development Outline

Indonesia MRT NetworkIndonesia MRT NetworkJakarta Mass Transit System

Kota

Depot

Feasibility Study conducted in the Master Plan (as of 2001)

JABODETABEK Expressway networkAbout 20% of Expressway were financed by Japan’s ODA

Project Fiscal YearEquipment Supply for Local Roads Support Works 1980-Road Rehabilitation Project 1988-

Rehabilitation of Ampera Bridge on Musi River Project 1988-Jakarta Tollway Project (Road Works for Intra Urban Tollway and EngineeringServices for Outer Ring Road) 1989

Tomang Flyover (Phase II) and Interchange Construction Project 1991

Slipi Flyover Construction Project 1990Cawang Flyover Construction Project 1990South Sumatera Roads Rehabilitation Project 1992Semanggi and Taman Ria Senayan Flyovers Construction Project 1990

Road Maintenance Improvement Project 1991-Heavy Loaded Road Improvement Project 1991-Rehabilitation of Bridges for Java North Line 1992-Road Rehabilitation Project (III) 1993-Twelve Provinces Bridge Replacement and Rehabilitation Project 1995

Local and Urban Road Development Project 1999Construction Project of the Northern Extension of the South-West Arc (Pluit-Grogol) 1999Sumatra East Coast Highways Project 1998Urban Arterial Roads Improvement in Metropolitan and Large Cities Project 1998North Java Corridor Flyover Project 2005

Tanjung Priok Access Road Construction Project(I) 2005

Road Development in Indonesia by JapanRoad Development in Indonesia by Japan

1. Urban development based on UMRT2. Development of road network3. Integrated application of traffic management4. Strengthening of Administrative capacity

Transportation Master Plan Project (Vietnam)Transportation Master Plan Project (Vietnam)

Basic Policy of Urban Transport in HAIDEP

(The Comprehensive Urban Development Program in Hanoi Capital City)

2004 2010 Long Term

HAIDEP (2004-2007)

Road SafetyM/ P

MRT Line1

MRT Line2

TechnicalStandard

TCP for RoadSafety in Hanoi

IntegratedMRT&Urban Dev

TCP for PoliceAcademy

Ring Road No.3

Transport Infrastructure DevelopmentBridge Construction

Development OutlineDevelopment Outline

Proposed UMRT NetworkProposed UMRT Network

National Highway

No 1 To HCM

National Highway No 5

To Hai Phong

Ring road No 3 Construction Project (280)

Thang Long Industrial

Park

Red River Bridge (Thanh Tri Bridge)

Construction Project (409)

Hanoi Road Infrastructure Network

Hanoi Transport Network Development Project (125)

①KimLien tunnel ②NgaTuSo fly-over ③NgaTuVong fly-over

①

② ③

Vinh TuyBridge

National Highway No18 To Ha Long

National Highway No 1 to Lang Son

Highway No 6 To HoaBinh

National Highway No 3 To Thai Nguyen

Hoa Lac Expressway To Hoa Lac

Noi Bai International Airport Terminal 2 Construction

Nhat Tan Bridge(VN-JP

Friendship Bridge）

Noi Bai International Airport- Nhat Tan Bridge Road Construction Project (65)

NH No 5 Improvement Project (209)

NH No 18 Improvement

Project (234)

NH No3 Network Development

Project（124） ）

Hanoi Infrastructure Development Project (114)

HanoiTransport

Network Development Project (125)

(Construction of

National Highway No 1A

National Highway No 1A

NH No1’s Bridge Rehabilitation Project（the second time）

（

National Highway No 2

To Ha Giang

Mar.2013

2012

Oct.2010

2012

Feb.2014

2013

2011

National Highway No 3 (New one)

Yen Loan (constructed)

Yen Loan (under-construction) State Budget (constructed)

State Budget（under-construction）

April, 2010

Name of Project （L/A Amount（Mil yen））

Plan year of completion

Hanoi RoadInfrastructure

Network

Hanoi RoadInfrastructure

Network

CD for Traffic Safety and ManagementCD for Traffic Safety and Management

For Sustainable Development of Urban Transport

ChallengesChallenges

1. Development of Public Transport2. Development of Appropriate Road Network3. Traffic Management (Road Safety)4. Securing Development/Maintenance Fund5. Others (Environmental Protection)

Standardization of Technical Affairs→Unification of Spare parts, mutual usage of tracks by different lines

Consideration of feeder Transport → Station plaza, Connection with other mode

Upgrading service level (Frequency, etc)

TOD

Subsidy

1. Development of Public Transport1. Development of Public Transport

(1) Railway

Bus Lane, BRT

Operation Mechanism (Public/Private, Routes, etc)

TOD

Subsidy

1. Development of Public Transport1. Development of Public Transport

(2) Bus

(1) Bottleneck improvement

(2) Missing link connection

(3) Ring road development

2. Development of Appropriate Road Network2. Development of Appropriate Road Network

(1) To maximize use of existing facilities

Small scale measures

Signaling

(2) To strengthen traffic enforcement

(3) Education (Communication)

3. Traffic Management (Road Safety)3. Traffic Management (Road Safety)

(1) Establishment of earmarked fund

Full-application of “the beneficiary payment principal “(Automobile related taxes)

Other policies (ex. TDM)

(2) Participation of private sector

4. Securing Development/Maintenance fund4. Securing Development/Maintenance fund

Environmental Protection

Regulations for transport operation

How to treat informal transport operation?

Streamlining of relationship among related administrative organizations

Capacity development of officials

5. Others5. Others

1. Formulation of master plan

2. Selection and concentration of assistance

3. Strong Collaboration of hard and soft development

Our StrategyOur Strategy

Programmed approach oriented by Master Plan

Necessity of comprehensive framework

Importance of coordination process

Scientific consideration

Based on actual data( person trip survey, traffic survey)

Four step method STRADA

1. Formulation of Master Plan1. Formulation of Master Plan

Budgetary Constraints

Selection of priority projects

Sharing of burden with recipient country ( national government, local government), donors and private sectors

2. Selection and Concentration of Assistance2. Selection and Concentration of Assistance

From planning, implementation to O & M ( as new JICA)

Capacity development

3. Strong Collaboration of Hard and Soft Development

3. Strong Collaboration of Hard and Soft Development

Thank You for your Attention!!