8/13/2019 Roman Catholic Mariology
1/23
Roman Catholic Mariology From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about Roman Catholic perspectives, and does not reflect the views of other segments of the Catholic Church such
as Eastern Catholics . For general Christian views, see Mariology .
A series of articles on
Roman Catholic
Mariology
General articles Mariology Veneration of the Blessed Virgin History of
Mariology Mariology of the saints Mariology of the popes Marian
Societies
Devotions
Rosary Scapular Immaculate Heart Seven Joys Seven
Sorrows First Saturdays Acts of Reparation Hearts of Jesus &
Mary Consecration to Mary
Dogmas and Doctrines
Mother of God Perpetual virginity Immaculate
Conception Assumption Mother of the Church Mediatrix Co-
Redemptrix
Expressions of devotion
Art Hymns Music Architecture
Key Marian apparitions
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_(term)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_(term)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_(term)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Catholicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Catholicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Catholicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Roman_Catholic_Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Roman_Catholic_Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RCTermhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RCTermhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BVM(RC)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BVM(RC)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BVM(RC)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Roman_Catholic_Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Roman_Catholic_Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Roman_Catholic_Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Roman_Catholic_Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariology_of_the_saintshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariology_of_the_saintshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariology_of_the_saintshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariology_of_the_popeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariology_of_the_popeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariology_of_the_popeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_Movements_and_Societieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_Movements_and_Societieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_Movements_and_Societieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_Movements_and_Societieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_devotionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_devotionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scapularhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scapularhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scapularhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Heart_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Heart_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Heart_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_Joys_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_Joys_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_Joys_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_Sorrows_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_Sorrows_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_Sorrows_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_Sorrows_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Saturday_Devotionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Saturday_Devotionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Saturday_Devotionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acts_of_Reparation_to_the_Virgin_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acts_of_Reparation_to_the_Virgin_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acts_of_Reparation_to_the_Virgin_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliance_of_the_Hearts_of_Jesus_and_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliance_of_the_Hearts_of_Jesus_and_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliance_of_the_Hearts_of_Jesus_and_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliance_of_the_Hearts_of_Jesus_and_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consecration_and_entrustment_to_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consecration_and_entrustment_to_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consecration_and_entrustment_to_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_doctrines_of_the_Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_doctrines_of_the_Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_of_Godhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_of_Godhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perpetual_virginityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perpetual_virginityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perpetual_virginityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_of_the_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_of_the_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_of_the_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediatrixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediatrixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediatrixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-Redemptrixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-Redemptrixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-Redemptrixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-Redemptrixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_devotionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_devotionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_art_in_the_Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_art_in_the_Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hymns_to_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hymns_to_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hymns_to_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_architecturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_architecturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_architecturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_apparitionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_apparitionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Murillo_immaculate_conception.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Papacy.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Murillo_immaculate_conception.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Papacy.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_apparitionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_architecturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hymns_to_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_art_in_the_Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_devotionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-Redemptrixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-Redemptrixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediatrixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_of_the_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perpetual_virginityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_of_Godhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_doctrines_of_the_Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consecration_and_entrustment_to_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliance_of_the_Hearts_of_Jesus_and_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliance_of_the_Hearts_of_Jesus_and_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acts_of_Reparation_to_the_Virgin_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Saturday_Devotionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_Sorrows_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_Sorrows_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_Joys_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Heart_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scapularhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_devotionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_Movements_and_Societieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_Movements_and_Societieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariology_of_the_popeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariology_of_the_saintshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Roman_Catholic_Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Roman_Catholic_Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BVM(RC)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RCTermhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Roman_Catholic_Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Catholicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_(term)8/13/2019 Roman Catholic Mariology
2/23
(approved or worthy of belief)
Guadalupe Miraculous Medal
La
Salette Lourdes Pontmain Laus Banneux Beauraing Ftima Akita
Papal Bulls
Ineffabilis Deus Munificentissimus Deus Bis Saeculari
Papal encyclicals
Redemptoris Mater Ad Caeli Reginam Fulgens Corona Deiparae
Virginis Mariae Ingruentium Malorum Ad Diem Illum
Papal Apostolic Letters and other teachings
Rosarium Virginis Mariae Marialis Cultus
Key Marian Feast Days
Dec 8 Immaculate Conception Jan 1 Mother of God
Mar 25 Annunciation Aug 15 Assumption
Roman Catholic Mariology is theology concerned with the Virgin Mary , the mother of Jesus Christ and developed by
the Catholic Church . "The Blessed Virgin, because she is the Mother of God , is believed to hold a certain infinite dignity from the
infinite good which is God. "[1][2] Theologically, Roman Catholic Mariology deals with not only her life but also with veneration of
her in daily life, prayer, hymns , art (where she has been a favorite topic), music , and architecture in modern and ancient
Christianity throughout the ages .[3][4][5]
The development of Roman Catholic Mariology is ongoing. It continues to be shaped not only by papal encyclicals but also by
the interplay of forces ranging from sensus fidelium , to the writings of the saints , to the construction of major Marian churches at
the sites of Marian apparitions . In some cases, sensus fidelium has influenced Marian papal decisions, providing Mariology with
a "theology of the people " component that distinguishes it from other parts of formal theology.
In terms of popular following, membership in Roman Catholic Marian Movements and Societies has grown significantly in the
20th century. This has continued to be matched by support from the Holy See , with Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger (later
Pope Benedict XVI ) stating: " It is necessary to go back to Mary, if we want to return to the truth about Jesus Christ ".[6] The
ongoing development of Mariology continued in the 20th century, e.g. in his Angelus address in September 1985 Pope John
Paul II coined the term The Alliance of the Hearts of Jesus and Mary , and in 1986 addressed the international conference onthat topic held at Ftima, Portugal .[7][8][9]
In parallel to the traditional views, since the late 19th century, a number of other perspectives have been presented as a
challenge to Roman Catholic Mariology. These have ranged from feminist criticisms that consider the image of Mary a construct
of the patriarchal mindset which limits equal opportunity for women, to other Christian views that see Mariology as a distraction
from Christ, to modern psychological interpretations of Mary as the equivalent of mythical Goddesses ranging
from Diana to Kwan Yin .[10][11][12]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogma_(Roman_Catholic)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogma_(Roman_Catholic)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Guadalupehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Guadalupehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miraculous_Medalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miraculous_Medalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miraculous_Medalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_La_Salettehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_La_Salettehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_La_Salettehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Lourdeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Lourdeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Lourdeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Pontmainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Pontmainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Pontmainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Laushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Laushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Laushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Banneuxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Banneuxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Banneuxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Beaurainghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Beaurainghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Beaurainghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_F%C3%A1timahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_F%C3%A1timahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_F%C3%A1timahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Akitahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Akitahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Akitahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_papal_encyclicals_and_Apostolic_Lettershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_papal_encyclicals_and_Apostolic_Lettershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ineffabilis_Deushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ineffabilis_Deushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munificentissimus_Deushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munificentissimus_Deushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munificentissimus_Deushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bis_Saecularihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bis_Saecularihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bis_Saecularihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_papal_encyclicals_and_Apostolic_Lettershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_papal_encyclicals_and_Apostolic_Lettershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redemptoris_Materhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redemptoris_Materhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad_Caeli_Reginamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad_Caeli_Reginamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad_Caeli_Reginamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fulgens_Coronahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fulgens_Coronahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fulgens_Coronahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deiparae_Virginis_Mariaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deiparae_Virginis_Mariaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deiparae_Virginis_Mariaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deiparae_Virginis_Mariaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingruentium_Malorumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingruentium_Malorumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingruentium_Malorumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad_Diem_Illumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad_Diem_Illumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad_Diem_Illumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_papal_encyclicals_and_Apostolic_Lettershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_papal_encyclicals_and_Apostolic_Lettershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosarium_Virginis_Mariaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosarium_Virginis_Mariaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marialis_Cultushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marialis_Cultushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marialis_Cultushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_feast_dayshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_feast_dayshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annunciationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annunciationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annunciationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blessed_Virgin_Mary_(Roman_Catholic)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blessed_Virgin_Mary_(Roman_Catholic)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blessed_Virgin_Mary_(Roman_Catholic)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_(mother_of_Jesus)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_(mother_of_Jesus)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_(mother_of_Jesus)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_of_Godhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_of_Godhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_of_Godhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hymns_to_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hymns_to_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hymns_to_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_arthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_arthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_arthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_architecturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_architecturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_architecturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Christianityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Christianityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Christianityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Christianityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclicalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclicalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclicalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensus_fideliumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensus_fideliumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensus_fideliumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariology_of_the_saintshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariology_of_the_saintshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariology_of_the_saintshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_churcheshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_churcheshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_churcheshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_apparitionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_apparitionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_apparitionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Mariology_as_theology_of_the_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Mariology_as_theology_of_the_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Mariology_as_theology_of_the_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_Movements_and_Societieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_Movements_and_Societieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_Movements_and_Societieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Seehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Seehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Seehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Cardinal_Ratzingerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Cardinal_Ratzingerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Cardinal_Ratzingerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benedict_XVIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benedict_XVIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benedict_XVIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Paul_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Paul_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Paul_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Paul_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliance_of_the_Hearts_of_Jesus_and_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliance_of_the_Hearts_of_Jesus_and_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliance_of_the_Hearts_of_Jesus_and_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A1tima,_Portugalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A1tima,_Portugalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-vatican.va-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-vatican.va-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-Mary_1986-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-Mary_1986-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diana_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diana_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diana_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwan_Yinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwan_Yinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-JillLevine-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-JillLevine-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-Leeming-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-Leeming-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-Leeming-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-JillLevine-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-JillLevine-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwan_Yinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diana_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-Mary_1986-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-vatican.va-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-vatican.va-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A1tima,_Portugalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliance_of_the_Hearts_of_Jesus_and_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Paul_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Paul_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angelushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benedict_XVIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Cardinal_Ratzingerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Seehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_Movements_and_Societieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Mariology_as_theology_of_the_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_apparitionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_churcheshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariology_of_the_saintshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensus_fideliumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclicalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Christianityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Christianityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_architecturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_musichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_arthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hymns_to_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_of_Godhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_(mother_of_Jesus)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blessed_Virgin_Mary_(Roman_Catholic)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annunciationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_feast_dayshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marialis_Cultushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosarium_Virginis_Mariaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_papal_encyclicals_and_Apostolic_Lettershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad_Diem_Illumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingruentium_Malorumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deiparae_Virginis_Mariaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deiparae_Virginis_Mariaehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fulgens_Coronahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad_Caeli_Reginamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redemptoris_Materhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_papal_encyclicals_and_Apostolic_Lettershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bis_Saecularihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munificentissimus_Deushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ineffabilis_Deushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_papal_encyclicals_and_Apostolic_Lettershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Akitahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_F%C3%A1timahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Beaurainghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Banneuxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Laushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Pontmainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Lourdeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_La_Salettehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_La_Salettehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miraculous_Medalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Guadalupehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogma_(Roman_Catholic)8/13/2019 Roman Catholic Mariology
3/23
Contents
[hide ]
1 Mariology and Christology
2 History and development
3 Papal teachings on the Blessed Virgin Mary
4 Dogmatic teachings
o 4.1 Perpetual virginity of Mary
o 4.2 Mother of God
o 4.3 Immaculate Conception of Mary
o 4.4 Assumption of Mary
5 Other Marian doctrines
o 5.1 Mary is Mother of all Christians
o 5.2 Mary as Mediatrix
o 5.3 Co-Redemptrix
o 5.4 Queen of Heaven
o 5.5 Reparations to the Virgin Mary
6 Mariology as theology of the people
o 6.1 Influence of visions
o 6.2 Impact on the Catholic Church
7 The multitude of perspectives
o 7.1 Traditional views
o 7.2 Liberal perspectives
8 Eastern Catholic differences
o 8.1 Assumption of Mary
o 8.2 Immaculate Conception
9 Centers for Mariological studies
10 Further reading
11 See also
12 Notes
13 References
[edit ]Mariology and Christology
In Roman Catholicism, Mariology is a logical and necessary consequence of Christology : Jesus and Mary are son and mother,
redeemer and redeemed .[13]Mariology is Christology developed to its full potential .[14] In Catholic theology, Mary and her son
Jesus are very close but not identical. Therefore, Marian teaching, while contributing to the teaching of Christ, is also a separate
discipline, called Mariology. The figure of Mary contributes to a fuller understanding of who Christ is and what he did. In the
Roman Catholic view, a Christology without Mary is incomplete because it is not based on the total revelation of the Bible .[15]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Mariology_and_Christologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Mariology_and_Christologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#History_and_developmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#History_and_developmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Papal_teachings_on_the_Blessed_Virgin_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Papal_teachings_on_the_Blessed_Virgin_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Dogmatic_teachingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Dogmatic_teachingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Perpetual_virginity_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Perpetual_virginity_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Mother_of_Godhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Mother_of_Godhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Immaculate_Conception_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Immaculate_Conception_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Other_Marian_doctrineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Other_Marian_doctrineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Mary_is_Mother_of_all_Christianshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Mary_is_Mother_of_all_Christianshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Mary_as_Mediatrixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Mary_as_Mediatrixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Co-Redemptrixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Co-Redemptrixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Queen_of_Heavenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Queen_of_Heavenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Reparations_to_the_Virgin_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Reparations_to_the_Virgin_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Mariology_as_theology_of_the_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Mariology_as_theology_of_the_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Influence_of_visionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Influence_of_visionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Impact_on_the_Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Impact_on_the_Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#The_multitude_of_perspectiveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#The_multitude_of_perspectiveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Traditional_viewshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Traditional_viewshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Liberal_perspectiveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Liberal_perspectiveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Eastern_Catholic_differenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Eastern_Catholic_differenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Assumption_of_Mary_2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Assumption_of_Mary_2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Centers_for_Mariological_studieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Centers_for_Mariological_studieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Further_readinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Further_readinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Noteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Noteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholic_Mariology&action=edit§ion=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholic_Mariology&action=edit§ion=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholic_Mariology&action=edit§ion=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholic_Mariology&action=edit§ion=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Noteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Further_readinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Centers_for_Mariological_studieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Assumption_of_Mary_2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Eastern_Catholic_differenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Liberal_perspectiveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Traditional_viewshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#The_multitude_of_perspectiveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Impact_on_the_Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Influence_of_visionshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Mariology_as_theology_of_the_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Reparations_to_the_Virgin_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Queen_of_Heavenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Co-Redemptrixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Mary_as_Mediatrixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Mary_is_Mother_of_all_Christianshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Other_Marian_doctrineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Immaculate_Conception_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Mother_of_Godhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Perpetual_virginity_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Dogmatic_teachingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Papal_teachings_on_the_Blessed_Virgin_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#History_and_developmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Mariology_and_Christologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology8/13/2019 Roman Catholic Mariology
4/23
Christ and Mary, mosaic, Chora Church , 16th century. " To Christ through Mary ", taught by St. Louis de Montfort , is a key theme in Roman
Catholic Mariology.[16]
Early Christians and numerous saints focused on this parallel interpretation. Popes highlighted the inner link between Marian
dogmas and the full acceptance of christological dogma .[17] The Church is the people of God as she is the Body of Christ . [18] The
Church lives in its relation to Christ. Being the Body of Christ, the Church has also a relation to his mother, which is the subject
of Catholic Mariology. She is seen as the original image of the Church, or, as Vatican II states, Mother of the Church .[19]
In his 1946 publication Compendium Mariologiae , respected Mariologist Gabriel Roschini explained that Mary did not only
participate in the birth of the physical Jesus but also, with conception, she entered with him into a spiritual union. The divine
salvation plan, being not only material, includes a permanent spiritual unity with Christ. Most Mariologists agree with this
position .[20] This echoed the sentiments of Pope Saint Pius X who in Ad Diem Illum stated: " there is no more direct road than by
Mary for uniting all mankind in Christ ."[21]
Mariology is ongoing. It includes dogmas, traditions, confirmed and hypothetical theological positions on Mary, contemporary as
well as historical. Mariology is not simply a theological field studied by a few scholars, but a devotional concept embraced bymillions of Catholics who venerate the Blessed Virgin Mary . As discussed below, it differs from other parts of theology in that its
progress has quite often been driven from the ground up , from the masses of believers, and at times from religious experiences
of young and simple children on remote hilltops, which have then influenced the higher levels of the Holy See in Rome
via sensus fidei .
Marian doctrines of the Catholic Church , including the four dogmas mentioned below, are the central part of Mariology consisting
of confirmed teachings and doctrines regarding Mary's life and role, but excluding the overall perspectives, the controversies and
the cultural aspects of Marian devotion. Mariology is both part of abstract doctrine and an important part of church life: Marian
prayers, pilgrimages to Marian shrines, Marian devotions during the months of May and October, Marian apparitions, Marian
titles, and Marian Feast days are detailed in Blessed Virgin Mary . Therefore, this article on Roman Catholic Mariology presents
an overview of the major issues, developments and controversies of the ecclesiogical movement.
[edit ]History and development
Main article: History of Roman Catholic Mariology
Santa Maria Antiqua , in the Forum Romanum , 5th century, seat of Pope John VII .
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chora_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chora_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chora_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_de_Montforthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_de_Montforthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_de_Montforthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RCTermhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RCTermhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RCTermhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RCTermhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatican_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatican_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatican_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_of_the_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_of_the_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariology(RC)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariology(RC)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Roschinihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Roschinihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Roschinihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiritualityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiritualityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiritualityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Saint_Pius_Xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Saint_Pius_Xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Saint_Pius_Xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad_Diem_Illumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad_Diem_Illumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad_Diem_Illumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BVM(RC)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BVM(RC)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BVM(RC)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Seehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Seehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Seehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensus_fideihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensus_fideihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensus_fideihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_doctrines_of_the_Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_doctrines_of_the_Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blessed_Virgin_Mary_(Roman_Catholic)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blessed_Virgin_Mary_(Roman_Catholic)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blessed_Virgin_Mary_(Roman_Catholic)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecclesiologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecclesiologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecclesiologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholic_Mariology&action=edit§ion=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholic_Mariology&action=edit§ion=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholic_Mariology&action=edit§ion=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Roman_Catholic_Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Roman_Catholic_Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Roman_Catholic_Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Maria_Antiquahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Maria_Antiquahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forum_Romanumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forum_Romanumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forum_Romanumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_John_VIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_John_VIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_John_VIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rome_SantaMariaAntiqua01.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rome_SantaMariaAntiqua01.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Istanbul_-_S._Salvatore_in_Chora_-_Nartece_-_Cristo_e_Maria_-_Foto_G._Dall'Orto_26-5-2006.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rome_SantaMariaAntiqua01.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rome_SantaMariaAntiqua01.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Istanbul_-_S._Salvatore_in_Chora_-_Nartece_-_Cristo_e_Maria_-_Foto_G._Dall'Orto_26-5-2006.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rome_SantaMariaAntiqua01.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rome_SantaMariaAntiqua01.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Istanbul_-_S._Salvatore_in_Chora_-_Nartece_-_Cristo_e_Maria_-_Foto_G._Dall'Orto_26-5-2006.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_John_VIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forum_Romanumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Maria_Antiquahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Roman_Catholic_Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholic_Mariology&action=edit§ion=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecclesiologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blessed_Virgin_Mary_(Roman_Catholic)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_doctrines_of_the_Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensus_fideihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Seehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BVM(RC)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad_Diem_Illumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Saint_Pius_Xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiritualityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabriel_Roschinihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariology(RC)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_of_the_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vatican_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RCTermhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RCTermhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_de_Montforthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chora_Church8/13/2019 Roman Catholic Mariology
5/23
The history of Mariology goes back to the 1st century. Early Christians focused their piety at first more upon the martyrs around
them. Following that, they saw in Mary a bridge between the old and the new . [22] The earliest recorded prayer to Mary, the sub
tuum praesidium , is dated in its earliest form to around the year 250.
In the 5th century, the Third Ecumenical Council declared Mary as Theotokos (God-bearer). Churches dedicated to Mary were
constructed across the Christian world, among the most famous being Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome. Teaching of
the Assumption of Mary became widespread across the Christian world. The Middle Ages saw growth and development for
Mariology and brought major champions of Marian devotion to the fore, including Ephraim the Syrian , John
Damascene and Bernard of Clairvaux . Prayers to Mary included the Ave Maria , and chants such as Ave Maris Stella and
the Salve Regina emerged and became staples of monastic plainsong. Devotional practices grew in number.
The Renaissance period witnessed a dramatic growth in Marian art and masterpieces by Boticelli, Leonardo da
Vinci and Raphael were produced. In the 16th century, the Council of Trent confirmed the Catholic tradition of paintings and
artworks in churches. This resulted in a great development of Marian art and Mariology during the Baroque Period . During
the Reformation , the Catholic Church defended its Mariology against Protestant views. With the victory at Battle of Lepanto
(1571) accredited to her, it "signified the beginning of a strong resurgence of Marian devotions. "[23] The baroque literature on
Mary experienced unforeseen growth. More than 500 pages of Mariological writings were published during the 17th century
alone .[24]
Mariology in the 19th century was dominated by discussions about the Immaculate Conception and in 1854, Pope Pius
IX proclaimed it a dogma .[25] Mariology in the 20th century was dominated by a genuine Marian enthusiasm. Pope Pius
XII issued the Dogma of the Assumption and the Second Vatican Council declared Mary to be the Mother of the Church .[26]
[edit ]Papal teachings on the Blessed Virgin Mary
Main article: Mariology of the popes
Crowned Madonna Della Strada in the Church of the Gesu in Rome.
Popes have been an important element in shaping both the theological and the devotional aspects of the Roman Catholic
perspective on the Blessed Virgin. Theologically, popes have highlighted the inner link between Virgin Mary and the full
acceptance of Jesus Christ as son of God, the encyclicals Mystici Corporis , Lumen Gentium and Redemptoris Mater being
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sub_tuum_praesidiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sub_tuum_praesidiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sub_tuum_praesidiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sub_tuum_praesidiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Ecumenical_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Ecumenical_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Ecumenical_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maggiorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maggiorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maggiorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephraim_the_Syrianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephraim_the_Syrianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephraim_the_Syrianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Damascenehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Damascenehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Damascenehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Damascenehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_of_Clairvauxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_of_Clairvauxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_of_Clairvauxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ave_Mariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ave_Mariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ave_Mariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ave_Maris_Stellahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ave_Maris_Stellahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ave_Maris_Stellahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salve_Reginahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salve_Reginahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salve_Reginahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_arthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_arthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_arthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boticellihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boticellihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boticellihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vincihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vincihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vincihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vincihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raphaelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raphaelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raphaelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Trenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Trenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Trenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baroque_Periodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baroque_Periodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baroque_Periodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestant_Reformationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestant_Reformationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestant_Reformationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Lepanto_(1571)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Lepanto_(1571)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Lepanto_(1571)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Lepanto_(1571)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_IXhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_IXhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_IXhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_IXhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_XIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_XIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_XIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_XIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogma_of_the_Assumptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogma_of_the_Assumptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogma_of_the_Assumptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Vatican_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Vatican_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Vatican_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-B.C3.A4umer_534-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-B.C3.A4umer_534-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-B.C3.A4umer_534-25http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholic_Mariology&action=edit§ion=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholic_Mariology&action=edit§ion=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholic_Mariology&action=edit§ion=3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariology_of_the_popeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariology_of_the_popeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariology_of_the_popeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madonna_Della_Stradahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madonna_Della_Stradahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madonna_Della_Stradahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_the_Gesuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_the_Gesuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_the_Gesuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mystici_Corporishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mystici_Corporishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mystici_Corporishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumen_Gentiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumen_Gentiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumen_Gentiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redemptoris_Materhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redemptoris_Materhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redemptoris_Materhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Madonnadellastrada_churchofthegesu.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Madonnadellastrada_churchofthegesu.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Madonnadellastrada_churchofthegesu.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Madonnadellastrada_churchofthegesu.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redemptoris_Materhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumen_Gentiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mystici_Corporishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_of_the_Gesuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madonna_Della_Stradahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariology_of_the_popeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholic_Mariology&action=edit§ion=3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-B.C3.A4umer_534-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Vatican_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogma_of_the_Assumptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_XIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_XIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_IXhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_IXhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Lepanto_(1571)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Lepanto_(1571)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestant_Reformationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baroque_Periodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Trenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raphaelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vincihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vincihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boticellihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Marian_arthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salve_Reginahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ave_Maris_Stellahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ave_Mariahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_of_Clairvauxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Damascenehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Damascenehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephraim_the_Syrianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Maria_Maggiorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Ecumenical_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sub_tuum_praesidiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sub_tuum_praesidiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-218/13/2019 Roman Catholic Mariology
6/23
examples. Furthermore, popes have fostered the veneration of the Blessed Virgin through the promotion of Marian
devotions, feast days , prayers , initiatives, the acceptance and support of Marian congregations, and, the formal recognition of
Marian apparitions such as in Lourdes and Ftima .[27][28]
Popes have at times followed on devotions initiated by previous popes, for instance in the 16th century, Pope Clement
VIII started the venerative practice of crowning Marian images, a practice that was followed by pope Pius XII in the 20th century
via the crowning of the Salus Populi Romani icon, as he declared the Queenship of Mary .[29][30] Similarly, popes Alexander
VII and Clement X both promulgated the veneration of the Heart of Jesus and the Heart of Mary , a concept which was embraced
by pope John Paul II in the 20th century as the Alliance of the Hearts of Jesus and Mary .[31][32][33][34]
A number of Marian papal encyclicals and Apostolic Letters have been issued since the 16th century. Pope Leo XIII issued 11
encyclicals just on the Rosary. In Ecclesiam Suam Pope Paul VI called Mary the "ideal of Christian perfection". "[35] These papal
documents reflect the support of the popes for both Marian devotions and Marian doctrines . The two Marian dogmas
of Assumption and Immaculate Conception were established by popes in the 20th century. In 1904 at the 50th anniversary of
the Dogma of the Immaculate Conception , Saint Pope Pius X with the encyclical Ad diem illum encouraged the entire Church to
honor the Virgin Mary .[36]
In recent years, popes have emphasized the role of Mary as the Mother of the Church and the Marian elements of Christology
In his 2002 Apostolic Letter Rosarium Virginis Mariae , Pope John Paul II quoted Saint Louis de Montfort , and said:
Since Mary is of all creatures the one most conformed to Jesus Christ, it follows that among all devotions that which
most consecrates and conforms a soul to our Lord is devotion to Mary, his Holy Mother, and that the more a soul is
consecrated to her the more will it be consecrated to Jesus Christ. " [37]
[edit ]Dogmatic teachings
Main article: Roman Catholic dogma
Marian Roman Catholic dogmas have two functions: they present infallible Church teachings about Mary and her relation to
Jesus Christ, and they praise Mary and, through Mary, God's deed on Mary. All Marian dogmas teach about her divine son
and highlight the divine nature of Jesus Christ.
De Fide Definita or De Fide Credenda doctrines have the highest degree of dogmatic certainty. These doctrines come in
several forms, namely teachings which have been specifically defined as Revealed by an extraordinary definition by a Pope
or Ecumenical council, or those teachings infallibly taught to be Revealed by the ordinary universal Magisterium. As in the
case of the Immaculate Conception or the Assumption , these doctrines were held by the Church prior to the date of official
definition, but open for discussion. The date of definition must be accepted by all faithful members of the Catholic Church as
contained specifically in the Deposit of Faith and owed supernatural faith in itself (de fide credenda)
There are four Marian dogmas among a large number of other teachings about the Blessed Virgin :[38]
Name First Magisterial Definition Dogma content
Perpetual virginity Baptismal symbols since Third 'Perpetual virginity of Mary', means that Mary was a virgin before, during
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feast_dayshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feast_dayshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feast_dayshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prayerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prayerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prayerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_apparitionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_apparitionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_apparitionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lourdeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lourdeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lourdeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A1timahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A1timahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-Miravalle164-26http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-Miravalle164-26http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-Miravalle164-26http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Clement_VIIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Clement_VIIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Clement_VIIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Clement_VIIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pius_XIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pius_XIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pius_XIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salus_Populi_Romanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salus_Populi_Romanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salus_Populi_Romanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queenship_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queenship_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_VIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_VIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_VIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_VIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clement_Xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clement_Xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clement_Xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacred_Hearthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacred_Hearthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacred_Hearthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Heart_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Heart_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Heart_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Paul_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Paul_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Paul_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliance_of_the_Hearts_of_Jesus_and_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliance_of_the_Hearts_of_Jesus_and_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-ReferenceA-30http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-ReferenceA-30http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-32http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-32http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_papal_encyclicals_and_Apostolic_Lettershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_papal_encyclicals_and_Apostolic_Lettershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_papal_encyclicals_and_Apostolic_Lettershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_XIIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_XIIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_XIIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecclesiam_Suamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecclesiam_Suamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_VIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_VIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_VIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_doctrines_of_the_Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_doctrines_of_the_Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_doctrines_of_the_Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_Xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_Xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_Xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad_diem_illumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad_diem_illumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad_diem_illumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-35http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-35http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-35http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_of_the_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_of_the_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_of_the_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostolic_Letterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostolic_Letterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostolic_Letterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostolic_Letterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_de_Montforthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_de_Montforthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_de_Montforthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-RosVirgMarie-36http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-RosVirgMarie-36http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholic_Mariology&action=edit§ion=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholic_Mariology&action=edit§ion=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholic_Mariology&action=edit§ion=4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_dogmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_dogmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_dogmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_dogmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_dogmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_dogmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blessed_Virgin_Mary_(Roman_Catholic)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blessed_Virgin_Mary_(Roman_Catholic)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-37http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-37http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-37http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perpetual_virginityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perpetual_virginityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perpetual_virginityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-37http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blessed_Virgin_Mary_(Roman_Catholic)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_dogmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_dogmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholic_Mariology&action=edit§ion=4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-RosVirgMarie-36http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_de_Montforthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostolic_Letterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostolic_Letterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_of_the_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-35http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad_diem_illumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_Xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_doctrines_of_the_Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_VIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecclesiam_Suamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_XIIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_papal_encyclicals_and_Apostolic_Lettershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-32http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-32http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-ReferenceA-30http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-ReferenceA-30http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alliance_of_the_Hearts_of_Jesus_and_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Paul_IIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Heart_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacred_Hearthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clement_Xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_VIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_VIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queenship_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salus_Populi_Romanihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pius_XIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Clement_VIIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Clement_VIIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-Miravalle164-26http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-Miravalle164-26http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A1timahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lourdeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marian_apparitionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prayerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feast_days8/13/2019 Roman Catholic Mariology
7/23
Century and after giving birth
Mother of God Council of Ephesus (431) Mary is truly the mother of God, because of her unity with Christ, the Sonof God
Immaculate
Conception
Pope Pius IX (1854) Mary, at her conception, was preserved immaculate from Original Sin
Assumption intoheaven Pope Pius XII (1950)
Mary, having completed the course of her earthly life, was assumed bodyand soul into heavenly glory
For a discussion of a proposed fifth Marian dogma, see the section on Mediatrix and Co-Redemptrix below.
[edit ]Perpetual virginity of Mary
Main article: Perpetual virginity of Mary , Mariology , and Virgin birth of Jesus
'Perpetual v irg in i ty of Mary ' , means that Mary was a virgin before, during and after giving birth. (De fide) This oldest
Marian Roman Catholic , Eastern Orthodox , and Oriental Orthodox doctrine affirms Mary's "real and perpetual virginity even
in the act of giving birth to the Son of God made Man. "[39] Thus, by the teaching of this dogma , the faithful believe that Mary
was ever-Virgin (Greek ) for the remainder of her life, making Jesus her only biological son,
whose conception and birth are miraculous.
In the year 107, Ignatius of Antioch described the virginity of Mary as "hidden from the prince of this world ... loudly
proclaimed, but wrought in the silence of God." The affirmation of the doctrine of Mary's virginity before, during and after the
birth of Jesus was the principal aim of the early 2nd century work, the Protoevangelium of James ( c . 120-150). The work,
concerned with the character and purity of Mary, claims that Joseph had children from a marriage previous to Mary.
However, the text does not explicitly assert the doctrine of perpetual virginity. The earliest such surviving reference is
Origen's Commentary on Matthew , where he cites the Protoevangelium in support.
By the 4th century, the doctrine was generally accepted. Athanasius described Mary as "Ever-Virgin", Orations against the
Arians , as did Epiphanius in his Medicine Chest Against All Heresies . Hilaryargued in favor of the doctrine in
his Commentary on Matthew and to this may be added Didymus (The Trinity ) Ambrose of Milan, Jerome , in Against
Helvetius , Siricius ' and others.
Further important statements of the belief include the Lateran Synod of 649, Thomas Aquinas's teaching ( Summa
Theologiae III.28.2) that Mary gave birth painlessly in miraculous fashion without opening of the womb and without injury to
the hymen , and Pope Paul IV 's Cum quorundam of 7 August 1555 at the Council of Trent . Before this last extraordinary
papal/concilliar definition, really an afterthought, the teaching can be considered to have been always taught infallibly by the
ordinary and universal magisterium as a truth contained in the deposit of faith, as opposed to by any specific extraordinary
definition.
Virginity before birth
Mary conceived by the Holy Spirit without participation of any man. (De fide). Non-Christians questioned this belief of
the early Church [40] Jews and Christians differed on the prediction in Isaiah 7,14 [41] Along with other Christian groups the
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_of_Godhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_of_Godhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Council_of_Ephesushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Council_of_Ephesushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_IXhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_IXhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Original_Sinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Original_Sinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Original_Sinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_XIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_XIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Mediatrix_and_Co-Redemptrixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Mediatrix_and_Co-Redemptrixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Mediatrix_and_Co-Redemptrixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholic_Mariology&action=edit§ion=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholic_Mariology&action=edit§ion=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholic_Mariology&action=edit§ion=5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perpetual_virginity_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perpetual_virginity_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perpetual_virginity_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virgin_birth_of_Jesushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virgin_birth_of_Jesushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virgin_birth_of_Jesushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholicismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholicismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholicismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oriental_Orthodoxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oriental_Orthodoxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oriental_Orthodoxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_(mother_of_Jesus)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_(mother_of_Jesus)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_(mother_of_Jesus)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-38http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-38http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-38http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incarnation_(Christianity)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incarnation_(Christianity)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incarnation_(Christianity)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignatius_of_Antiochhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignatius_of_Antiochhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignatius_of_Antiochhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel_of_Jameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel_of_Jameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel_of_Jameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athanasiushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athanasiushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athanasiushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiphanius_of_Salamishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiphanius_of_Salamishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiphanius_of_Salamishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilary_of_Poitiershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilary_of_Poitiershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Didymus_the_Blindhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Didymus_the_Blindhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Didymus_the_Blindhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambrosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambrosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambrosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeromehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeromehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeromehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Siriciushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Siriciushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Siriciushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Aquinashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Aquinashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Aquinashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hymenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hymenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hymenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_IVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_IVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_IVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Trenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Trenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Trenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Spirithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Spirithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Spirithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-39http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-39http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-39http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-40http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-40http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-40http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-40http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-39http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Spirithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Trenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_IVhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hymenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Aquinashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Siriciushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeromehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambrosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Didymus_the_Blindhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilary_of_Poitiershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epiphanius_of_Salamishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athanasiushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel_of_Jameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignatius_of_Antiochhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incarnation_(Christianity)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-38http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_(mother_of_Jesus)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oriental_Orthodoxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholicismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virgin_birth_of_Jesushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perpetual_virginity_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholic_Mariology&action=edit§ion=5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#Mediatrix_and_Co-Redemptrixhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_XIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assumption_of_Maryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Original_Sinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_IXhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conceptionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Council_of_Ephesushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mother_of_God8/13/2019 Roman Catholic Mariology
8/23
Catholic Church continues to teach today, that Mary bore her son Jesus while still a virgin. From the first formulations of her
faith, the Church has confessed that Jesus was conceived solely by the power of the Holy Spirit in the womb of the Virgin
Mary, affirming also the corporeal aspect of this event: Jesus was conceived "by the Holy Spirit without human
seed" .[42] The Fathers see in the virginal conception the sign that it truly was the Son of God who came in a humanity like
our own. Catechism of the Catholic Church ,[43][44]
Virginity during birth
Mary gave birth without losing her corporal virginity (De fide). Her corporal integrity was not affected by giving birth.
The Church does not teach how this occurred physically, but insists that virginity during child birth is different from virginity
of conception. Pope Pius XII in Mystici Corporis "Within her virginal womb she brought into life Christ our Lord in a
marvellous birth." [45] indicating the miraculous nature of the Virgin birth. Numerous early Church writers used analogies to
explain this mystery, like Christ leaving the sealed tomb on Easter Sunday, or, Christ walking through closed doors, or, light
and sun penetrating through glass windows .[46]
Virginity after birth
Mary remained a virgin after giving birth (De fide). This belief of the Church was questioned in its early years [47]
Todaymost Protestants disagree with this teaching, although Martin Luther and his contemporaries believed in the ever Virgin
Mary [48] The scriptures say little about this, mentioning the brothers of Jesus, but never "sons of Mary," suggesting to the
patristical writers a broader family relationship .[49]
[edit ]Mother of God
Main articles: Theotokos and First Council of Ephesus
Madonna and Child from Saint Catherine's Monastery , c. 600
Mary is truly the mother of God (De fide). After Church fathers found common ground on Mary's virginity before, during
and after giving birth, this was the first specifically Marian doctrine to be formally defined by the Church. The
definition Mother of God (in Greek :Theotokos ) was formally affirmed at the Third Ecumenical Council held
at Ephesus in 431 . The competing view, advocated by Patriarch Nestorius of Constantinople, was that Mary should be
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-41http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-41http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-41http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catechism_of_the_Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catechism_of_the_Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-42http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-42http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-42http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_XIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_XIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_XIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mystici_Corporishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mystici_Corporishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mystici_Corporishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-44http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-44http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-44http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-46http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-46http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-46http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-47http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-47http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-47http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-48http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-48http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-48http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholic_Mariology&action=edit§ion=6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholic_Mariology&action=edit§ion=6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholic_Mariology&action=edit§ion=6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Council_of_Ephesushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Council_of_Ephesushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Council_of_Ephesushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madonna_and_Childhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madonna_and_Childhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Catherine%27s_Monasteryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Catherine%27s_Monasteryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Catherine%27s_Monasteryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Ecumenical_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Ecumenical_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Ecumenical_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephesushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephesushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephesushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/431http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/431http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/431http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patriarch_of_Constantinoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patriarch_of_Constantinoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nestoriushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nestoriushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nestoriushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Encaustic_Virgin.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Encaustic_Virgin.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Encaustic_Virgin.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Encaustic_Virgin.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nestoriushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patriarch_of_Constantinoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/431http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephesushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Ecumenical_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Catherine%27s_Monasteryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madonna_and_Childhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Council_of_Ephesushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Catholic_Mariology&action=edit§ion=6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-48http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-47http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-46http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-44http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mystici_Corporishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_XIIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-42http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-42http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catechism_of_the_Catholic_Churchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Mariology#cite_note-418/13/2019 Roman Catholic Mariology
9/23
called Christotokos , meaning "Birth-giver of Christ," to restrict her role to the mother of Christ's humanity only and not his
divine nature.
Nestorius' opponents, led by Cyril of Alexandria , viewed this as dividing Jesus into two distinct persons, the human who was
Son of Mary, and the divine who was not. To them, this was unacceptable since by destroying the perfect union of the
divine and human natures in Christ, it sabotaged the fullness of the Incarnation and, by extension, the salvation of humanity.
The council accepted Cyril's reasoning, affirmed the title Theotokos for Mary, and anathematised Nestorius' view as heresy .
(See Nestorianism )
In letters to Nestorius which were afterwards included among the council documents, Cyril explained his doctrine. He noted
that "the holy fathers... have ventured to call the holy Virgin [T]heotokos , not as though the nature of the [W]ord or his
divinity received the beginning of their existence from the holy Virgin, but because from her was born his holy body,
rationally endowed with a soul, with which [body] the [W]ord was united according to the hypostasis , and is said to have
been begotten according to the flesh" (Cyril's second letter to Nestorius).
Explaining his rejection of Nestorius' preferred title for Mary ( Christotokos , Mother of Christ), Cyril wrote: "Confessing the
Word to be united with the flesh according to the hypostasis, we worship one Son and Lord, Jesus Christ. We do not dividehim into parts and separate man and God as though they were united with each other [only] through a unity of dignity and
authority... nor do we name separately Christ the Word from God, and in similar fashion, separately, another Christ from the
woman, but we know only one Christ, the Word from God the Father with his own flesh... But we do not say that the Word
from God dwelt as in an ordinary human born of the holy virgin... we understand that, when he became flesh, not in the
same way as he is said to dwell among the saints do we distinguish the manner of the indwelling; but he was united by
nature and not turned into flesh... There is, then, one Christ and Son and Lord, not with the sort of conjunction that a human
being might have with God as in a unity of dignity or authority; for equality of honor does not unite natures. For Peter and
John were equal to each other in honor, both of them being apostles and holy disciples, but the two were not one. Nor do
we understand the manner of conjunction to be one of juxtaposition, for this is insufficient in regard to natural union....
Rather we reject the term 'conjunction' as being inadequate to express the union... [T]he holy virgin gave birth in the flesh to
God united with the flesh according to hypostasis, for that reason we call her Theotokos ... If anyone does not confess that
Emmanuel is, in truth, God, and therefore that the holy virgin is Theotokos (for she bore in a fleshly manner the Word from
God become flesh), let him be anathema ." (Cyril's third letter to Nestorius)
[edit ]Immaculate Conception of Mary
Mary was conceived without original sin (De fide ). The Immaculate Conception is, according to Roman
Catholic dogma , the conception of Mary, the