Telecommunications 1Telecommunications 1Audio ProductionAudio Production
What’s your background?What’s your background?
Telecommunications 1Telecommunications 1Audio ProductionAudio Production
What are some terms?What are some terms?
Have you noticed audio?Have you noticed audio?
QuestionsQuestions
Why is it important?Why is it important?
Telecommunications 1Telecommunications 1Audio ProductionAudio Production
Why is Audio Production Why is Audio Production important?important?
Supplements the video Supplements the video presentationpresentation
(adds detail to overall (adds detail to overall presentation)presentation)
Highlights important dialogue, Highlights important dialogue, sound effects, sound effects, ambianceambiance while while filtering out unnecessary noisefiltering out unnecessary noise
(Traffic, Crowds, Wind, etc.)(Traffic, Crowds, Wind, etc.)
Telecommunications 1Telecommunications 1
ListenListenTelecommunications 1Telecommunications 1
What do you hear?What do you hear?
Telecommunications 1Telecommunications 1AmbienceAmbience
Organic noise Organic noise occurring naturally in occurring naturally in a settinga setting
Telecommunications 1Telecommunications 1AmbienceAmbience
How do we filter How do we filter ambience?ambience?
MicrophoneMicrophone
Telecommunications 1Telecommunications 1Audio ProductionAudio Production
Microphone (Mic) Microphone (Mic)
Pickup PatternPickup Pattern
Polar PatternPolar Pattern
-Apparatus used to pickup sound and -Apparatus used to pickup sound and transform it into electric audio signal. transform it into electric audio signal.
-The zone within which a -The zone within which a microphone hears soundmicrophone hears sound
-Two dimensional representation -Two dimensional representation of a mic’s pickup patternof a mic’s pickup pattern
Telecommunications 1Telecommunications 1Audio ProductionAudio Production
Pickup PatternPickup Pattern
Picks Up
Sound from All
Sides
Telecommunications 1Telecommunications 1Audio ProductionAudio Production
Picks Up
Sound from All
Sides
Polar PatternPolar Pattern
Audio ProductionAudio Production
OmnidirectionalOmnidirectional
UnidirectionalUnidirectional
-Picks up sound equally well from ALL -Picks up sound equally well from ALL directionsdirections
-Multi-directional-Multi-directional
-Picks up sound from the FRONT of the mic-Picks up sound from the FRONT of the mic
-One direction-One direction CardioidCardioid
-Another name for a unidirectional mic-Another name for a unidirectional mic
-Gets its name from the HEART-SHAPED-Gets its name from the HEART-SHAPED
pickup patternpickup pattern
Telecommunications 1Telecommunications 1Microphone TypesMicrophone Types
Omnidirectional MicrophoneOmnidirectional Microphone
Microphone TypesMicrophone Types
Picks Up
Sound from All
Sides
Picks Up
Sound from All
Sides
UnidirectionalUnidirectional
Picks Up Sound From Only The Front
CardioidCardioid
Picks Up Sound
from Only the Front
Heart-Shaped Pickup Pattern
Hypercardioid, Supercardioid, and UltracardioidHypercardioid, Supercardioid, and Ultracardioid
Shotgun MicShotgun Mic
-Have a long pickup pattern-Have a long pickup pattern
-Can pick up sounds from far away and -Can pick up sounds from far away and transmit them as if they’re up-closetransmit them as if they’re up-close
-Heart-shape pickup pattern is widened -Heart-shape pickup pattern is widened to that of a watermelonto that of a watermelon
-Gets its name from the long physical -Gets its name from the long physical shape of the microphone shape of the microphone
Microphone TypesMicrophone Types
HypercardioidHypercardioid
Picks Up Sound
from Only the Front
Watermelon-Shaped Pickup Pattern
Shotgun MicrophoneShotgun Microphone
Audio ProductionAudio ProductionTelecommunications 1Telecommunications 1
DynamicDynamic
CondenserCondenser
-Uses a small coil that moves within a -Uses a small coil that moves within a magnetic field magnetic field
when activated by soundwhen activated by sound
-Most rugged/durable-Most rugged/durable
-Can be used around loud noises and won’t -Can be used around loud noises and won’t distortdistort
-Uses a movable plate that oscillates against a -Uses a movable plate that oscillates against a fixed fixed
plate to produce an audio signalplate to produce an audio signal
-More sensitive/better quality-More sensitive/better quality
-Requires a power supply to operate oscillating -Requires a power supply to operate oscillating plateplate
RibbonRibbon-Extremely sensitive/loud noises cause -Extremely sensitive/loud noises cause
permanent damagepermanent damage
-Usually found in recording studios-Usually found in recording studios
Dynamic MicrophoneDynamic Microphone
Audio ProductionAudio Production
Condenser MicrophoneCondenser Microphone
Audio ProductionAudio Production
Condenser MicrophoneCondenser Microphone
Audio ProductionAudio Production
Ribbon MicrophoneRibbon Microphone
Audio ProductionAudio Production
Ribbon MicrophoneRibbon Microphone
Audio ProductionAudio Production
Hand MicsHand Mics
-Held in hand by Talent-Held in hand by Talent
-Allows for greater sound control-Allows for greater sound control--ADVANTAGESADVANTAGES: Need only one mic; Talent : Need only one mic; Talent
controls sound variance by moving mic closer controls sound variance by moving mic closer or farther awayor farther away
--DISADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGES: Inexperienced Talent : Inexperienced Talent pointing mic in the wrong directions; Talent pointing mic in the wrong directions; Talent NOT hands-free; have to pull a cable along NOT hands-free; have to pull a cable along with you with you
(If it’s not wireless)(If it’s not wireless)
Microphone TypesMicrophone Types
Hand MicHand Mic
Microphone TypesMicrophone Types
Boom MicsBoom Mics
-Hypercardioid mics attached to a long -Hypercardioid mics attached to a long rod which is then suspended over rod which is then suspended over Talent, out of shotTalent, out of shot
-Boom operator moves the microphone -Boom operator moves the microphone as close or as far away from the Talent as close or as far away from the Talent as they like without placing the boom as they like without placing the boom in shotin shot
--ADVANTAGESADVANTAGES: Talent doesn’t have to worry : Talent doesn’t have to worry about mic placement at all; COMPLETELY about mic placement at all; COMPLETELY hands-freehands-free
--DISADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGES: Must light shot so that boom : Must light shot so that boom shadow is shadow is not seen; Talent can potentially not seen; Talent can potentially move out of rangemove out of range
Microphone TypesMicrophone Types
Boom MicrophoneBoom Microphone
Microphone TypesMicrophone Types
Boom OperatorBoom Operator
Audio ProductionAudio Production
Microphone TypesMicrophone Types LavaliereLavaliere
-Small, rugged, omnidirectional mic used -Small, rugged, omnidirectional mic used primarily for voice pickupprimarily for voice pickup
-Usually clipped onto clothing (jacket -Usually clipped onto clothing (jacket lapel, shirt collar) 6-8 inches below the lapel, shirt collar) 6-8 inches below the chinchin
--ADVANTAGESADVANTAGES: Talent is hands-free; distance : Talent is hands-free; distance from mic to Talent never changes; needs no from mic to Talent never changes; needs no special lighting special lighting
considerations; excellent mobilityconsiderations; excellent mobility
--DISADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGES: Picks up ambient noise; need : Picks up ambient noise; need one one
mic per subject; picks up rubbing noises if the mic per subject; picks up rubbing noises if the talent talent
moves; muffled sound if concealed under moves; muffled sound if concealed under clothesclothes
Lavaliere MicrophoneLavaliere Microphone
Microphone TypesMicrophone Types
Wireless Lav MicrophoneWireless Lav Microphone
Microphone TypesMicrophone Types
ListenListenTelecommunications 1Telecommunications 1
Which do you prefer?Which do you prefer?
ListenListenTelecommunications 1Telecommunications 1
Which do you prefer?Which do you prefer?
Why is Audio Production Why is Audio Production important?important?
Supplements the video Supplements the video presentationpresentation
(adds detail to overall (adds detail to overall presentation)presentation)
Highlights important dialogue, Highlights important dialogue, sound effects, sound effects, ambianceambiance while while filtering out unnecessary noisefiltering out unnecessary noise
(Traffic, Crowds, Wind, etc.)(Traffic, Crowds, Wind, etc.)
Telecommunications 1Telecommunications 1
Why is Audio Production Why is Audio Production important?important?
Telecommunications 1Telecommunications 1
PROPROMakes Your Production Makes Your Production
MoreMore
FESFESSIONSIONAL!AL!
Telecommunications 1Telecommunications 1
TomorroTomorrow:w:
Day #2Day #2
PROFESSIONALPROFESSIONALWhy is Audio Production Why is Audio Production
important?important?
Telecommunications 1Telecommunications 1
Makes Your Makes Your Production MoreProduction More
Telecommunications 1Telecommunications 1
TomorroTomorrow:w:
Day #2Day #2
Why is Audio Production Why is Audio Production important?important?
Telecommunications 2Telecommunications 2
PROPROMakes Your Production Makes Your Production
MoreMore
FESFESSIONSIONAL!AL!
Audio TerminologyAudio TerminologyMicrophone
Apparatus that converts sound to electric signal
Pickup Pattern
Polar Pattern
Omnidirectional
UnidirectionalFrom all directions; multi-directional
Where a microphone picks up sound
2-dimensional representation of pickup pattern
From one directionCardioid
Heart-shaped pickup pattern of unidirectional mic
DyamicRugged, dependable mic; filters out loud noised
Condenser
Ribbon
Hand Mic
LavaliereHeld by talent; allows for better sound control
Sensitive mic, better sound pickup; requires phantom power
Extremely great sound pickup; extremely sensitive; harsh sound can destroy it
Hands-free mic; requires one mic per subjectBoom Mic
Held by off-camera grip; hands-free; can be in-shot
Audio TerminologyAudio Terminology
XLR ConnectionXLR Connection
-3-pin connection; professional -3-pin connection; professional standardstandard
-Relatively immune to outside -Relatively immune to outside frequencies/interferencefrequencies/interference
Connection TypesConnection Types
Remember: 3 pins = 3 Remember: 3 pins = 3 lettersletters
XLR ConnectionXLR Connection
XLR ConnectionXLR Connection
3 Pins
Phone PlugPhone Plug
-1/4 “ connection-1/4 “ connection
-Common with consumer -Common with consumer microphonesmicrophones
-Usually used for instruments -Usually used for instruments (e.g. guitars)(e.g. guitars)
Connection TypesConnection Types
Also called a “quarter Also called a “quarter inch” pluginch” plug
Phone/1/4” PlugPhone/1/4” Plug
XLR – ¼” ConnectionXLR – ¼” Connection
RCA ConnectionRCA Connection
-Extremely common-Extremely common
-Usually used for monitor -Usually used for monitor input/outputinput/output
-Stereo audio (Right and Left -Stereo audio (Right and Left channels)channels)
Connection TypesConnection Types
RedRed = Right = Right WhiteWhite = = LeftLeft
RCA PlugsRCA Plugs
RCA PlugsRCA Plugs
video
Mini Plug ConnectionMini Plug Connection
-Smallest connection-Smallest connection
-Consumer microphones and -Consumer microphones and headphonesheadphones
-Usually requires a ¼” adapter -Usually requires a ¼” adapter or vice versaor vice versa
Connection TypesConnection Types
Field camera Field camera input =input =
MiniMini
Mini PlugMini Plug
Field Camera InputField Camera Input
XLR3-pin audio connection; high quality soundPhone Plug
RCA
MiniSmall connection, most commonly used in headphones, low-end mic connections; low quality
¼" audio connection; good quality soundMost common audio connection; good for conventional audio equipment (stereo, DVD player, game console)
Audio TerminologyAudio Terminology