The Gold Rushes of the 1860s How significant was the impact of
the gold rushes on New Zealand, as a growing nation? 1
Slide 3
Introduction: The Situation 2
Slide 4
Introduction: Revision Activity Breaks Please look to the
Resource Sheet in front of you 3
Slide 5
Introduction: At the end of the Lesson Prize winner: most
successful William Historical ideas -New Zealands economy comprised
of sustainable and unsustainable industries -The demography of New
Zealand underwent dramatic change during the gold rushes -The gold
rushes were part of a world-wide phenomenon, and saw the use of a
range of technologies -The race to find gold in New Zealand
attracted various races of people 4
Slide 6
New Zealands economy comprised of sustainable and unsustainable
industries Early New Zealand Potatoes and pigs were popular items
traded by Maori. A scene from North Cape. Whales were prized for
their oil, baleen and ambergris. 5
Slide 7
New Zealands economy comprised of sustainable and unsustainable
industries Types of Industries Sustainable: those industries which
make use of a resource, without depleting or damaging it, for long
term use. Unsustainable: those industries which make use of a
resource, but in a way that depletes or damages so to comprise its
use for the long term. So where does gold fit in? 6
Slide 8
Activity One: Sustainable vs. Unsustainable Do now Get up from
your desks! Move to one of the four areas set up around the
classroom. You can choose to mine in either Thames, Marlborough,
the West Coast, or Otago. Instructions for the activity Are on the
activity sheet. 7
Slide 9
The demography of New Zealand underwent dramatic change during
the gold rushes Resources and Settlement 8
Slide 10
The demography of New Zealand underwent dramatic change during
the gold rushes Numbers YearMaoriPakeha 184070,000 - 90,0002,000
185860,000 187137,520254,928 9
Slide 11
The demography of New Zealand underwent dramatic change during
the gold rushes North Island vs. South Island Most Maori lived in
the North Island. Two-thirds of Maori lived north of Lake Taupo.
57% of Pakeha lived in the North Island in 1858. 63% of Pakeha
lived in the South Island in 1867. 51% of Pakeha lived in the North
Island in 1896. North Island regained its dominance, and it has
remained this way since. 10
Slide 12
Activity Two: Population Distribution Do now Get up from your
desks! Move to one of the four areas set up around the classroom.
You can choose to mine in either Thames, Marlborough, the West
Coast, or Otago. Instructions for the activity Are on the activity
sheet. 11
Slide 13
The gold rushes were part of a world-wide phenomenon, and saw
the use of a range of technologies Major Gold Rushes 1) 1852:
Charles Ring makes first discovery of payable gold. 2) 1861:
Gabriels gully almost instantly becomes a canvas town the first
gold rush. 3) 1862: 40kg deposit of gold made by Irish Christopher
Reilly and American Horatio Hartley. Major rush to Dunstan. Thames
1867-68 Marlborough 1864 West Coast 1864-67 1 2 3 Otago 1861-64
12
Slide 14
The gold rushes were part of a world-wide phenomenon, and saw
the use of a range of technologies Types of Gold Mining Alluvial -
v for rivers (Small scale) -Picks -Shovels -Cradles -Sluice-boxes
-Little capital Cradle Sluice-box 13
Slide 15
The gold rushes were part of a world-wide phenomenon, and saw
the use of a range of technologies Types of Gold Mining Alluvial -
v for rivers (Large scale) -Dams -Hydraulic power (flumming)
-Companies raised capital and used wage labour 14
Slide 16
The gold rushes were part of a world-wide phenomenon, and saw
the use of a range of technologies Types of Gold Mining Quartz r
for rocks (Large scale) -Machinery and technology needed to drive
mines and break up rock -Began in Thames in 1867-1868. Used in
Reefton in 1873 -Partnerships and companies set up, with the
ability to pay workers. Quartz minings long-term nature meant it
typically led to more permanent settlement 15
Slide 17
The gold rushes were part of a world-wide phenomenon, and saw
the use of a range of technologies Alluvial or Quartz?
Dillmanstown, West Coast 16
Slide 18
Activity Three: Alluvial vs. Quartz Mining Do now Get up from
your desks! Move to one of the four areas set up around the
classroom. You can choose to mine in either Thames, Marlborough,
the West Coast, or Otago. Instructions for the activity Are on the
activity sheet. 17
Slide 19
The race to find gold in New Zealand attracted various races of
people European Miners 18
Slide 20
The race to find gold in New Zealand attracted various races of
people Maori Miners Hori Watene described gold as a curse, because
it raised Pakeha interest in their lands. 19
Slide 21
The race to find gold in New Zealand attracted various races of
people Chinese Miners Mr Punchs Welcome, Otago 1865 20
Slide 22
Activity Four: Impacts of Gold Do now Get up from your desks!
This is our last activity. Move to one of the four areas set up
around the classroom. You can choose to mine in either Thames,
Marlborough, the West Coast, or Otago. Instructions for the
activity Are on the activity sheet. 21
Slide 23
Prize Winner: Most Successful William Do now Total up the
amount of gold nuggets you collected out of 40. And the most
successful William was Thank you for your concentration for this
lesson! 22
Slide 24
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Slide 25
Slide 14, image: Dillman Town, by James Ring, ca. 1870s.
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