TheDynastic
Cycle
A new dynasty
comes to power.
Lives of common people improved;
taxes reduced;farming encouraged.
Problems begin(extensive wars,invasions, etc.)
Taxes increase;men forced towork for army.
Farming neglected.
Govt. increasesspending; corruption.
Droughts,floods,
famines occur.
Poor loserespect for govt.They join rebels
& attack landlords.
Rebel bands findstrong leader who
unites them.Attack the emperor.
Emperor isdefeated !!
The emperorreforms the govt.& makes it more
efficient.
Start here
The Evolution of ChineseWriting during the Shang
Pictographs
Semantic-Phonetics
Chinese Dynasties Longest continuous history of any culture.
DYNASTIES: Shang: 1700’s-1100’s BCEIrrigation Systems, Calendar (fairly accurate)
Qin (Ch’in): 200’s BCE 1st Imperial dynasty, expanded into E China, ordered
“Great Wall” built as protection.
Han: 202 BC – AD 220strengthened military power
Mongols overthrew the Sung around 1200, ruled until 1279 when the Chinese rebelled.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mongol_Empire_map.gif Mongol expansion map
After China drove the Mongols out, China limited outside influence , forbade foreign trade.
Struggle for China• Mao Zedong:
communist
• Chang Kai-Shek fought unsuccessfully to stop the communists.
5
Taiwan• Chiang Kai-shek, moved
gov’t to Taiwan (Chinese territory).
• Claim: Taiwan is separate from China.
• Conflict between these two groups (PRC & ROC) still exists today.
6
Communism in China• 1st challenge: feed the people…so gov’t
organized land into larger farms. • Man no longer dominant family member• Women worked the fields.
• To slow the growth of population: 1 child policy.• Great Leap Forward: disaster for Mao (pg 623)• Cultural Revolution: chaos, closed schools, (pg
623) Intellects killed or sent to work in the countryside
Tibet & The Dalai Lama (14th)
• Tibet: Himalayan plateau• DL’s ruled Tibet 1640s -
1950s. • 13th DL proclaimed
independence : 913. • China did not accept
independence. (subordinate)• DL (14th) exiled, living in India.• Tibetans: human rights
violations by Chinese.
Hong Kong & Macao “One Country Two Systems”
• Hong Kong & Macao : “Special Administrative Region” of China
• Autonomous
• HONG KONG: • UK territory from 1842-1997. • Cosmopolitan & Highly Developed.• One of most densely pop regions in
world. • MACAO: • Former Portuguese territory• Returned to China: 1999
Japan
• Feudal system similar to medieval Europe.
• Lords fought each other. • 1274-1281: united together to fight off the
Mongols • Drove European invaders out in the
1600’s
Isolationist Japan • Japan was closed to trade,
isolated. • The US wanted to open up Tokyo
for:– Trade– Coal/refueling US ships
• Impact of the 1854 Treaty Signed between Japan & US: – Inflation – Overthrow of Shogun & Meji
restoration: restoring imperial rule, & modernizing Japan
Pearl Harbor• Japan: allies with Germany
& Italy
• Dec 7, 1941: Japanese attack US Naval Base in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.
• RESULT: Brings US into WWII
Atomic Bomb of Hiroshima & Nagasaki
• US dropped atomic bombs on Japan: Aug 1945.
• Japan surrendered & was occupied & assisted in rebuilding by US forces.
• Japan banned nuclear armament.
Korean War • 1950: N. Korea, invaded S. Korea• 1953: Threat of a nuclear world war
ended the war at a stalemate. • RESULT: Demilitarized Zone: 2.5
mile buffer zone at the 38th parallel where troops from neither side are allowed.
• Unique area: Endangered animals & species thrive.
Vietnam Conflict 1946-1973
• Vietnam independent from France 1954
• Split into North: Communist & South: pre-Western govt.
• US Supported the South. • China, Russia Supported the
North• 1973 Last of the US troops
pulled out of Vietnam.• North and South Vietnam
reunified as a communist state 1976.
Pol Pot & The Killing Fields: 1975-1979
• Killing Fields: mass graves in Cambodia where people were killed/starved & buried by the Khmer Rouge regime during its rule from 1975-1979.
• Leader was Pol Pot. • Goal: form a Communist
peasant farming society. • Foreigners expelled, &
Cambodia was sealed off from the outside world.