1. Introduction to Computers1. Introduction to Computers

M. Shakeel Anjum[msa.courses@gmail.com]

Department of Business Management SciencesUniversity of Agriculture, Faisalabad

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Introduction to the CourseIntroduction to the Course• Acquiring the basic knowledge of Computer

system, Hardware Components and Software Packages

• Using Windows Operating system• Using Microsoft Office• Using Internet in Daily Life• Perform basic Windows administration• Basic knowledge of Computer Networks

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Evolution of Computing DevicesEvolution of Computing Devices• 1833, Design of Analytical Engine• 1939, ABC (First Electronic Computer)• 1943, Harward-Mark-1 (Based upon the design of

Analytical Engine)• 1946, ENIAC (For US Military, consisting of 19000

Vacuum Tubes, Dimensions 9’x200’)• 1951, UNIVAC (First Commercial Computer)• 1971, Intel-4004 (First Microprocessor as powerful as

ENIAC, Computes 2000 instructions/second)• 1981, IBM-PC shipped with MS-DOS• 1984, Apple-MAC shipped with GUI

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What is a Computer?What is a Computer?

[Norton] An Electronic Device that processes Data and converts it into Information that is useful

for People

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Parts of Computer SystemParts of Computer System• Hardware – Physical parts of the computer

• Software – Instructions to the computer

• Data – Raw facts the computer can manipulate

• People – also known as users

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Parts of Computer SystemParts of Computer System

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Computer HardwareComputer Hardware• Physical components of the computer• Any part of the computer you can touch

– Processor– Memory– Input and Output Devices– Storage Devices

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Output

Storage

Input

Processor

Input andOutput

Memory

Computer HardwareComputer Hardware

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Computer SoftwareComputer Software• Electronic Instructions to the computer. Also

known as a ‘program’.• These Instructions are written in some language

which computer can understand. E.g. – Assembly Language– Java– C++– Visual Basic– VB.Net, etc.

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Types of Computer SoftwareTypes of Computer Software• System Software• Application Software

Both works together to produce useful output.

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System SoftwareSystem Software• Operating Systems

– MS DOS, Windows 9x, NT, Vista, 7– IBM OS/2, OS 390/400– Apple MAC– Linux / Unix– Google Chrome OS– MAC OS-X, Android, Symbian

• Disk Utilities– Fdisk, PartitionMagic

MicrosoftWindows

Linux

Apple Mac

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Application SoftwareApplication Software

• ERP• MIS• CRM• Word Processing• Spreadsheets• Presentation• Databases

• Graphics• Multimedia• Games• Anti Virus• Firewalls• Communications• Project Management

• Mission Critical System• Decision Support System

• Productivity Software• Entertainment Software

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Productivity Software PackagesProductivity Software Packages• Word Processing• Spreadsheets• Presentation• Databases• Desktop Publishers• Website Builder• Project Management• Emailing• Instant Messengers

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Word ProcessingWord Processing

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SpreadsheetsSpreadsheets

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PresentationsPresentations

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DatabasesDatabases

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Desktop PublisherDesktop Publisher

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Website BuilderWebsite Builder

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Project ManagementProject Management

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EmailingEmailing

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Instant MessengersInstant Messengers

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Types of ComputersTypes of Computers

• Supercomputer

• Mainframe Computer

• Minicomputer

• Microcomputer

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SupercomputersSupercomputers

Columbia

Sequioa

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Mainframe ComputersMainframe Computers

IBM VAX II

IBM 704

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MinicomputersMinicomputers

IBM MicroVax

Shuttle XPC

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MicrocomputersMicrocomputers

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MicrocomputersMicrocomputers

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Two Computer GiantsTwo Computer Giants

Steve Jobs Bill Gates

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Who Uses Computers?Who Uses Computers?

• Military• Scientists• Doctors• Educators• Engineers• Architects• Businesses

• Developers• Designers• Musicians• Filmmakers• Bankers• Stock Ex.• Stores/Malls

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Computer Setup in Today’s BusinessComputer Setup in Today’s Business

Manager CEO

Salesman Salesman Salesman Salesman Salesman

Mainframe

Internet

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Computer Usage at Stock ExchangeComputer Usage at Stock Exchange

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A Militant’s ComputerA Militant’s Computer

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A Robodoc at Cardiographic SurgeryA Robodoc at Cardiographic Surgery

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CAD Applications for ArchitectsCAD Applications for Architects

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Computers in Software DevelopmentComputers in Software Development

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• List the four parts of a computer system.• Identify four kinds of computer hardware.• List the two major categories of software and

exemplify each• List some of the productivity software packages• List the four most common types of computers

available today• List some of the professions in which computers are

routinely used and their effect on day-to-day work

Lecture ReviewLecture Review