Post on 06-Jan-2018
transcript
Africa
African styled Muslim mosque
Climate Zones
African Kingdoms Timeline
200 CE 1800 CE1000 CE600 CE 1400 CE
4th-11th GHANA13th-15th MALI15th-16th SONGHAY13th-14th YORUBA15th-18th BENIN13th-18th KONGO9th-16th GREAT ZIMBABWE
For the quiz on Wednesday
1. Grasslands, Swahili Coast, and Forest and Plains- know where they are on a map and be able to give a general description of each one
2. 7 Kingdoms/Cultures- for each of the 7 mentioned in the chapter you must: know their datesgive a general description of their culturemention any important figuresbe able to place them on a map
Africa Before European Explorers
No true universal states or religions Christianity and Islam do arrive
Many stateless societies No central power
Clans, families, communities Small influence on lives
Little power Warfare Trade Building projects
Need for larger centralized states/kingdoms
State Building
West Africa Influence of Islam Military power Alliances Less importance on ethnic/
cultural unityCity-states
Strong merchant communities Similar to Italy and Germany
Not the same technology European influence to come
Similarities in Africa
Language Bantu migration of language
Religion Animistic
Spirit in every object Diviners or priests to interpret Acts as a guide
Ethics and behavior How universe worked
Land has religious meaning Given by creator
Worked by people fertility
Similarities in Africa
Family/clan Veneration of ancestors and gods
Economies- not as easily defined North Africa- stands apart
Mediterranean and Arab trade worlds Sub-Saharan- varied
Varied agriculture mixed with herding Use of metal tools/weapons Local/regional trade International trade arose
Islamic world Arab traders
Islam Arrives
North of Sahara Part of ancient world
Mediterranean coastline Middle East Egypt
Begins 7th centuryAttraction of Islam
All Muslims are equal Easier to accept conquerors/new rulers All followers on equal footing Uniting of state/religious power under on ruler
Kings could consolidate authorityRegional differences continued
Swahili Coast of East Africa
Trading cities Contact with Arabia, Persia, India, China
Vibrant trade of goods from far off lands Islamic influence
Universal set of ethics and beliefs Slow to reach larger populations or
inland Class based
• Leaders Muslim• Often compromises b/w Islam and
indigenous faith for greater populationCommon language, culture
Bantu migrationPortuguese attempt to dominate trade
Some success Africans hold onto trade
Sudanic Similarities
Leadership Patriarch/family/group
Core group Extended area of rule- conquest states
Taxes, tribute, militaryRulers sacred
Islam used to reinforce thisFusion of Islam and traditional cultures