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Copyright ©2003 Digitask Consultants Inc., All rights reserved
an e-business perspectivean e-business perspective
Digitask Consultants, Inc.Digitask Consultants, Inc.digitask@digitask.comdigitask@digitask.com
(212) 682-6652(212) 682-6652
High AvailabilityHigh AvailabilityHigh Performance SystemsHigh Performance Systems
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What is High Availability?What is High Availability?
Availability ClassificationAvailability Classification
Uptime Levels Uptime Levels (%)(%)
Fault TolerantFault Tolerant 99.999999.9999 < 1 minute< 1 minute
Extremely High AvailabilityExtremely High Availability 99.999 99.999 5 minutes5 minutes
Fault Resilient High Availability Fault Resilient High Availability 99.9999.99 53 minutes53 minutes
High AvailabilityHigh Availability 99.999.9 8.8 hours8.8 hours
Commercial AvailabilityCommercial Availability 99.599.5 43.8 hours43.8 hours
Annual Annual DowntimeDowntime
Sources: Gartner Group, Transaction Processing Performance Council, Compaq
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Why Should I Care?Why Should I Care?
Opportunity!
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Why Should I Care?Why Should I Care?
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Source: Gartner Group and Contingency Planning ResearchSource: Gartner Group and Contingency Planning Research
Financial Brokerage operations ???????$ 6,500,000
Average Cost per Hour of Downtime
Industry Application
Financial Credit Card Sales ???????
Media Pay Per View ???????
Retail Home Shopping (TV) ???????
Retail Catalog Sales ???????
Transportation Airline Reservations ???????
$ 2,600,000
$ 90,000
$ 150,000
$ 113,000
$ 89,500
Cost of DowntimeCost of Downtime
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Cost of Downtime - Equity ValueCost of Downtime - Equity Value
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Cost of Downtime - Equity ValueCost of Downtime - Equity Value
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Top 6 Reasons for Server FailureTop 6 Reasons for Server Failure
Software defects/failures Software defects/failures Planned administrative downtimePlanned administrative downtime
OS upgrades, DB administration, etc.OS upgrades, DB administration, etc.
Operator error Operator error Hardware outage/maintenance Hardware outage/maintenance Building/site disasterBuilding/site disaster
fires, sprinkler systemsfires, sprinkler systems Metropolitan disaster Metropolitan disaster
storm, floodsstorm, floods
Survey of IS managers Source: Gartner Group
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The Solution...The Solution...
OpenVMS Windows NTTru64 UNIX TruClusters
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TruClusters - Yesterday V 1.xTruClusters - Yesterday V 1.x
Each builds upon the otherEach builds upon the other
ProductionProductionServerServer
TRU64 UNIXTRU64 UNIXAlphaServer SystemsAlphaServer Systems
Available ServerAvailable Server
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TruCluster 1.xTruCluster 1.x
Memory Channel Interconnect
Private DisksSystem Disk
HSZx0
Private DisksSystem Disk
HSZx0
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TruCluster 5TruCluster 5
Memory Channel
Interconnect
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TruCluster Server Version 5.0TruCluster Server Version 5.0
Single system image Single system image clustercluster
Shared file systemShared file system Dramatically easier Dramatically easier
managementmanagement Simpler application Simpler application
availability and scalabilityavailability and scalability
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TruCluster 5.0 Feature SummaryTruCluster 5.0 Feature Summary Easier management Easier management Clusterwide file systemClusterwide file system Cluster aliasCluster alias Application availability facilityApplication availability facility
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Cluster wide storageCluster wide storage Support for larger & more flexible configurationsSupport for larger & more flexible configurations No requirement for symmetric configurationsNo requirement for symmetric configurations No need for private storage (all storage can be on shared No need for private storage (all storage can be on shared
buses)buses)
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Tru64 UNIX System ManagementTru64 UNIX System ManagementUNIX
Workstation
PC
(LAN)
(LAN / WAN)
(LAN / WAN)
SNMP WBEM
SingleSystem
Cluster
Tru64 UNIXManagement
SNMP WBEM
Tru64 UNIXManagement
X11
Web / Java
CLIScript
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Cluster ManagementCluster Management
The best cluster management is
the management you NEVER have to do!
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TraditionalUNIX Clusters
TruCluster V5.0
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Single cluster-wide namespace with a single shared rootSingle cluster-wide namespace with a single shared root Same view from all cluster membersSame view from all cluster members
Mechanism to address member-specific filesMechanism to address member-specific files Client/Server model initiallyClient/Server model initially Layers on existing file system Layers on existing file system
AdvFS, NFS, UFS (r/o), CDFSAdvFS, NFS, UFS (r/o), CDFS Transparent file system failover and recoveryTransparent file system failover and recovery Integrated with cluster alias for NFS serverIntegrated with cluster alias for NFS server
Cluster File SystemCluster File System
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System and Storage ManagementSystem and Storage Management CFS is an enabling technologyCFS is an enabling technology
Most management operations “just work”Most management operations “just work” Single copy of most configuration filesSingle copy of most configuration files
Device names are consistent cluster-wideDevice names are consistent cluster-wide Storage devices are available everywhereStorage devices are available everywhere Fewer things to manageFewer things to manage
Operating system and applications installed once per clusterOperating system and applications installed once per cluster Automatic disk and file system failoverAutomatic disk and file system failover
Single security domainSingle security domain Base and enhanced securityBase and enhanced security
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System and Storage ManagementSystem and Storage Management BUT… Still must manage some things separatelyBUT… Still must manage some things separately
Kernel tuning, process tuningKernel tuning, process tuning Network adapter, tty configurationNetwork adapter, tty configuration LicensingLicensing
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Cluster AliasCluster Alias
Cluster appears as single system to Cluster appears as single system to networknetwork
Can support multiple aliasesCan support multiple aliases Single host name to clientsSingle host name to clients Transparent handling of node Transparent handling of node
and adapter failuresand adapter failures Dynamic load balancingDynamic load balancing Network services Network services Efficient forwarding over Efficient forwarding over
cluster interconnectcluster interconnect
AlphaServerlabrador
1.1.1.1
AlphaServergolden1.1.1.2
AlphaServerbasset1.1.1.3
AlphaServerbluetick1.1.1.4
Cluster - canine 1.1.1.0
Client Client Client
Router
Retriever
Hound
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Application SupportApplication Support Applications need only be installed once in the cluster Applications need only be installed once in the cluster
although may be licensed per nodealthough may be licensed per node Single instance applicationsSingle instance applications
May only run on one member of a cluster at a timeMay only run on one member of a cluster at a time– Multiple copies would conflict with each otherMultiple copies would conflict with each other– Typical old-style ASE applicationsTypical old-style ASE applications
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Single Instance ApplicationsSingle Instance Applications
Interconnect ChannelMemory
Application ApplicationApplication
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Application SupportApplication Support
Multiple instance applicationsMultiple instance applications May run on multiple or all cluster membersMay run on multiple or all cluster members
– Multiple copies don’t conflictMultiple copies don’t conflict– Some ASE applications can now run on multiple membersSome ASE applications can now run on multiple members
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Multi-Instance ApplicationsMulti-Instance Applications
Interconnect ChannelMemory
Application ApplicationApplication Application
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Cluster Application AvailabilityCluster Application Availability Provides application failover or restart within the Provides application failover or restart within the
clustercluster Application and resource dependenciesApplication and resource dependencies Application profile determines failover policy and Application profile determines failover policy and
dependenciesdependencies Mechanism for application-specific monitoringMechanism for application-specific monitoring
Monitoring of applications via ‘check’ entry in action Monitoring of applications via ‘check’ entry in action scriptscript
Command line and GUI-based managementCommand line and GUI-based management ASE application start/stop scripts easily migrate with ASE application start/stop scripts easily migrate with
minimal changesminimal changes
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Application SupportApplication Support
Cluster aware applicationsCluster aware applications Use cluster features such as the Distributed Lock ManagerUse cluster features such as the Distributed Lock Manager Coordinate storage r/w access from multiple nodesCoordinate storage r/w access from multiple nodes
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Multi-Instance ApplicationsMulti-Instance Applications
Interconnect ChannelMemory
Application Application ApplicationApplication
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TruCluster Advantages Over TruCluster Advantages Over Other UNIX ClustersOther UNIX Clusters
Load BalancingLoad Balancing Dynamic load balancing of Dynamic load balancing of
client connectionsclient connections
Cluster ManagementCluster Management Applications are installed Applications are installed
once for entire clusteronce for entire cluster Configuration changes made Configuration changes made
once for the clusteronce for the cluster Users are authorized once for Users are authorized once for
all cluster nodesall cluster nodes
Installation and ConfigurationInstallation and Configuration Rolling upgrade of o/sRolling upgrade of o/s Single system imageSingle system image Cluster-wide file systemCluster-wide file system Cluster aliasCluster alias Single security domainSingle security domain Cluster-wide naming of Cluster-wide naming of
storage devicesstorage devices Single event manager/error Single event manager/error
loglog
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TruCluster Advantages Over TruCluster Advantages Over Other UNIX ClustersOther UNIX Clusters Hardware specificsHardware specifics
Interconnect speed (6-12x faster)Interconnect speed (6-12x faster) Maximum number of nodes: 8Maximum number of nodes: 8 Largest Node supported: ~125,000 tpm-CLargest Node supported: ~125,000 tpm-C Smallest node: AlphaServer 800 (<$7,000)Smallest node: AlphaServer 800 (<$7,000) Support for Switched Fibre ChannelSupport for Switched Fibre Channel Support for simultaneous direct access to database tablesSupport for simultaneous direct access to database tables Available API for parallel resource lockingAvailable API for parallel resource locking Available up-time guarantee 99.99%Available up-time guarantee 99.99%
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$
Number of Nodes
Traditional UNIX Clusters
Single Systems
TruCluster TruCluster Server V5.0Server V5.0
Bottom Line - ManagementBottom Line - Management
Tru64 UNIX TruClusters cost less to manage
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Bottom Line - ReliabilityBottom Line - Reliability
Priority Executive Package
Availability ReviewOn-site Spares
Installation
Priority PremierPackage
Plus joint effort by
COMPAQ & the customer
Business Critical Custom
Intim
acy
of P
artn
ersh
ip
For Eligible Alpha systems
Uptime Guarantees99.99%
Customer need for high availability
Tru64 UNIX TruClusters are more reliable
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Bottom Line - SizeBottom Line - Size
Tru64 UNIX TruClusters are more scaleable
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TruCluster V5.0TruCluster V5.0
"Nines are necessary, but not sufficient. Simple, "Nines are necessary, but not sufficient. Simple, straightforward use is also vital... Here straightforward use is also vital... Here Compaq has Compaq has excelledexcelled, going the distance in building multi-system , going the distance in building multi-system scalability, reliability, and manageability into the scalability, reliability, and manageability into the heart of UNIX." heart of UNIX."
Jonathan Eunice, Illuminata, Inc., 4/99Jonathan Eunice, Illuminata, Inc., 4/99
Bottom Line - Industry OpinionBottom Line - Industry Opinion
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Thank YouThank You
John ZimmermanJohn Zimmermanjohnz@digitask.comjohnz@digitask.com
(212) 682-6652(212) 682-6652