RESHMA KATWAL ROLL NO – 12

COMS

ANTI-PARKINSONAGENTS

OBJECTIVESINTRODUCTIONANTI-PARKINSON AGENTSINDICATIONSCONTRAINDICATIONMECHANISM OF ACTIONDOSAGESIDE EFFECTSNURSE’S RESPONSIBILITES

An anti-parkinson is a type of drug which is intended to treat and relieve the symptoms of parkinson’s disease.

Most of these agents act by either increasing dopamine activity or reducing acetylcholine activity in the central nervous system.

CONTINUEIn clinical practice, anti-cholinergic drugs,

amantadine, and the anti-histamines have their primary use of treatment for medication induced parkinsonism, acute dystonia, and medication induced tremor.

ANTI PARKISONIAN AGENTS

ANTI-CHOLINERGIC AGENTS Trihexyphenidyl Benztropine Biperiden

DOPAMINERGIC AGENTS : Bromocriptine Carbidopa / levodopa

INDICATIONDrug – induced parkinsonism.

Adjunct in the management of parkinsonism

CONTRAINDICATION1) Close angle glaucoma

2) Urinary and intestinal obstruction

3) Hypersensitivity

4) Tachycardia

MECHANISM OF ACTION

It acts by increasing the release of dopamine from pre-synaptic vesicles, blocking the re-uptake of dopamine into pre-synaptic nerve terminals or by exerting an agonist effect on post-synaptic dopamine receptors.

Trihexyphenidyl reaches peak plasma concentrations in 2- 3 hours after oral administration and has duration of action up to 12 hours.

1 – 2 mg per day orally initially, maximum dose upto 15 mg per day in divided doses.

SIDE EFFECTSDizzinessNervousnessDrowsinessWeakness HeadacheConfusion ConstipationUrinary retentionBlurred vision

CONTINUE• TachycardiaOrthostatic hypotensionDry mouthNauseaVomittingDecreased sweating

NURSE’S RESPONSIBILITIES

Assess parkinsonian and extra pyramidal symptoms.

Caution patient to make position changes slowly.

Instruct patient about frequent rinsing of mouth.

Inform patient that this medication decreases perspiration, and over heating may occur during hot weather.

CONTINUEAssess seizure activities.Drug should be taken with food.Teach patient to carry medicine, alert I.D

stating patient’s name, drug taken.Teach patient not to stop medication without

medical advice.Advise patient to limit intake of alcohol and

increase protein containing food.