Date post: | 05-Apr-2017 |
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RESHMA KATWAL ROLL NO – 12
COMS
ANTI-PARKINSONAGENTS
OBJECTIVESINTRODUCTIONANTI-PARKINSON AGENTSINDICATIONSCONTRAINDICATIONMECHANISM OF ACTIONDOSAGESIDE EFFECTSNURSE’S RESPONSIBILITES
An anti-parkinson is a type of drug which is intended to treat and relieve the symptoms of parkinson’s disease.
Most of these agents act by either increasing dopamine activity or reducing acetylcholine activity in the central nervous system.
CONTINUEIn clinical practice, anti-cholinergic drugs,
amantadine, and the anti-histamines have their primary use of treatment for medication induced parkinsonism, acute dystonia, and medication induced tremor.
ANTI PARKISONIAN AGENTS
ANTI-CHOLINERGIC AGENTS Trihexyphenidyl Benztropine Biperiden
DOPAMINERGIC AGENTS : Bromocriptine Carbidopa / levodopa
INDICATIONDrug – induced parkinsonism.
Adjunct in the management of parkinsonism
CONTRAINDICATION1) Close angle glaucoma
2) Urinary and intestinal obstruction
3) Hypersensitivity
4) Tachycardia
MECHANISM OF ACTION
It acts by increasing the release of dopamine from pre-synaptic vesicles, blocking the re-uptake of dopamine into pre-synaptic nerve terminals or by exerting an agonist effect on post-synaptic dopamine receptors.
Trihexyphenidyl reaches peak plasma concentrations in 2- 3 hours after oral administration and has duration of action up to 12 hours.
1 – 2 mg per day orally initially, maximum dose upto 15 mg per day in divided doses.
SIDE EFFECTSDizzinessNervousnessDrowsinessWeakness HeadacheConfusion ConstipationUrinary retentionBlurred vision
CONTINUE• TachycardiaOrthostatic hypotensionDry mouthNauseaVomittingDecreased sweating
NURSE’S RESPONSIBILITIES
Assess parkinsonian and extra pyramidal symptoms.
Caution patient to make position changes slowly.
Instruct patient about frequent rinsing of mouth.
Inform patient that this medication decreases perspiration, and over heating may occur during hot weather.
CONTINUEAssess seizure activities.Drug should be taken with food.Teach patient to carry medicine, alert I.D
stating patient’s name, drug taken.Teach patient not to stop medication without
medical advice.Advise patient to limit intake of alcohol and
increase protein containing food.