Classification of Living Things

• Living species are placed into groups based on their observed characteristics.

• They are usually NOT placed into groups based on their habitat, their behavior, or their common names.

6 Kingdoms of Living Things

• Archaebacteria

• Eubacteria

• Protista

• Fungi

• Plantae

• Animalia

Bacteria are classified by SHAPE and BIOCHEMICALS

Protista are classified by cell structures like cilia and flagella

Fungi are classified by how they make SPORES

LifeCycle

Plants are classified by VASCULAR tissue & REPRODUCTIVE structures

MOSS (and relatives) has NO vascular tissue.

All other plant groups DO have vascular tissue

Life Cycle

Ferns reproduce with SPORES, not seeds

Life Cycle

Conifers have seeds in CONES

CONES are male or female

Life Cycle

ANGIOSPERMS are flowering plants

Life Cycle

Flowering plants can be MONOCOTS or DICOTS

A COTYLEDON is a seed part

Animal Phyla

• Porifera (sponges)

• Cnidaria (jellyfish)

• Platyhelminthes (flatworms)

• Nematoda (roundworms)

• Annelida (segmentedworms)• Mollusca (snails, clams, squid)

• Arthropoda (insects, crabs)

• Echinodermata (starfish)

• Chordata (vertebrates)

Phylum Porifera: the Sponges

Phylum Spongebobius:

Porifera are heterotrophic cells that group together

Phylum Cnidaria: all members have stinging cells and one body opening

Sponge Bob walking his jellyfish

Phylum Cnidaria: corals and jellyfish

Phylum Platyhelminthes….the flatworms

They all have one body opening and a HEAD

(CEPHALIZATION)

Phylum Nematoda: the roundworms

All members of this group have TWO body openings

Phylum Annelida: the segmented worms

Phylum Mollusca:

All have a MANTLE which can produce “shell”

Phylum Arthropoda:

All have an exoskeleton made of protein

Phylum Echinodermata: Starfish and relatives

All have spiny skin and TUBE FEET

Phylum Chordata

All have:

Dorsal nerve cord

Pharyngeal gill structures

MOST have a backbone (vertebrae)

Phylum Chordata with no backbone

Phylum Chordata: Class Chondrichthyes

Phylum Chordata: Class Osteichthyes

Phylum Chordata, Class Amphibia

Phylum Chordata, Class Reptilia

Phylum Chordata, Class Reptilia

Phylum Chordata, Class Aves

How did this happen?

• Write a story that explains these observations:

• DDT is an insect poison invented in 1941. When it was sprayed on mosquitoes in Savannah in 1942, 99% of mosquitoes died.

• When DDT was sprayed in Savannah in 1966, only 61% of the mosquitoes died.

• DDT is no longer used to control mosquitoes in Savannah