Copyright © 2011, Terry Hudson. Aristotle: “Rhetoric is the observance of all available means of...

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Invention Logos Ethos Pathos

Arrangement Style Delivery Memoria

Argument and Persuasion (p. 7) Argument – uses evidence and reason to get

agreement (conviction) Persuasion – moves others from conviction to

action (action) Or, we “we may want to reserve the term

persuasion” for changing opinions through both reason and other techniques (conviction and action)

Inform Convince Persuade Explore Make Decisions Meditate Pray

Past – Forensic Future – Deliberative Present - Epideictic (Ceremonial)

Fact - Did something happen? Definition - What is its nature? Evaluation & Causality- What is its quality? Proposal - What actions should be taken?

Pathos – emotional Ethos – writer’s authority and character Logos - logical

Message (Logical)

Audience/Readers (Emotional)

Speaker/Writer (Ethical)

Emotion to build bridges

Emotion to sustain an argument

Authority – intelligence

Trustworthiness

Good will

Inartistic – hard facts and evidence

Statistics

Surveys and Polls

Testimony

Examples (Not listed by text)

Artistic – reason and common sense Deductive

Syllogism and Enthymeme

Toulmin argument

Structures Analogies (similies and metaphors) Precedent

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