Post on 05-Feb-2015
description
transcript
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CSWB 110 HTML / XHTML
Tutorial 1.1 and 1.2 up to lists
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History of the Internet
• 1969 Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) Begins
• 1989-90 the World Wide Web (WWW) Begins
• 1993 Mosaic is Released
• 1994 Netscape is Released
• 1995 Internet Explorer is Released
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Development of the Word Wide Web
Timothy Berners-Lee at the CERN nuclear research facility near Geneva, Switzerland, in 1989.
He developed a system of interconnected hypertext documents that allowed their users to easily navigate from one topic to another
HTML - language of the Web HTTP – protocol to send and receive Web pages
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HyperText Documents
An entire collection of linked documents is referred to as a Web site.
The hypertext documents within a Web site are known as Web pages.
A Web page can contain text, graphics, audio, video.
These are separate files that also reside with the html file
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Web Servers and Web Browsers
A Web page is stored on a Web server
The browser or client displays the Web page
The Web page is written in the HTML language
They communicate with the HTTP protocol
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Search.htm
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search.htmimage.jpg
www.palomar.edu/search.htm
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How is the home page loaded?
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searches for default file
www.palomar.edu
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Which page to load as Home Page??
• index.html• index.htm
• home.html
• home.htm
• default.htm
• default.asp, default.aspx, index.asp, index.aspx
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HTML: Language of the Web Page
A Web page is a text file written in a language called Hypertext Markup Language - describes a document’s structure and content.
HTML is not a programming language or a formatting language.
XHTML – the latest official version of HTML
HTML5 – the next version of HTML
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Goal of XHTML
Portability
Accessibility
Standardization
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How was this accomplished
Separation of content from presentation by
using Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
CSS replaces many HTML attributes
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Tools for Creating HTML Documents
HTML Editor – Coffeecup
Text editor – notepad
Visual creator – Dreamweaver, SharePoint Designer
Converter – MS Word
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The HTML Language
Elements ( or tags)
Attributes
Values (of the attributes)
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Characterisitcs of HTML5
Open platform
Adapts to any device
Native support for more powerful
applications
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The HTML language consists of
“tags” or “elements”
Tags can be two-sided:
<body> </body> Enclose something – either content or more tags
Tags can be one-sided:
<br> or <br /> No content, they are considered “empty” tags
XHTML syntax
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HTML Tags and Attributes
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The HTML Document
Consists of two parts:
Head sectionWhere information for the browser goes
Body sectionWhere the content for the web pages goes
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Basic HTML Tags or Elements
<html> <head> <title> </title> </head>
<body>
</body></html>
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Paragraph Tag – centering – Block Level Element
<p style=“text-align: center”> </p>
values are left, right, center, justify
Attribute CSS property CSS value
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Break Tag
• Line break• One sided tag• Self-terminating
<br> <br />
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Bold / Italic – Inline Elements
<b>this is bold</b>
<i>this is italic</i>
Comments: <!-- -->
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Heading tags - bold, block-level element
<h1> </h1> <h2> </h2> <h3> </h3> <h4> </h4> <h5> </h5> <h6> </h6>
<h1 style=“text-align: center”> </h1>
values are left, right, center, justify
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Deprecated - “align” attribute
<h1 align=“center”> </h1>
Replaced with CSS:
<h1 style=“text-align: center”> </h1>
deprecated
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Now start learning to write HTML
by using the elements
we have just covered!