Post on 06-Jul-2018
transcript
8/17/2019 Disaster Management Session 1b.2
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United Nations Asian and Pacifc Training Centre or Inormation and Communication Technology or Development
Session 1!Introduction to
Disaster"is# $anagement
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Basic Defnitions, Terms
& ICTLearningLearningObjectivesObjectives
At the end of this session,you should be able todene:
• Dene disaster,
hazard, risk, elementsat risk, vulnerability,capacity, response,relief, rehabilitation,
reconstruction,mitigation,preparedness andprevention
•
nderstand !"# needsin disaster $isk
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&' (azard)' Disaster
*' $isk
+' lements At $isk
-' .ulnerability/' "apacity
0' $esponse
1' $elief
2' $ehabilitation&&' $econstruction
&)' Development
&*' %itigation
&+' 3reparedness
&-' 3revention&/' Disaster $isk
%anagement
&0' Disaster %anagement
&1' $ecovery
Basic
Terminology
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3henomenon or situation,4hich has the potential tocause disruption ordamage to people, theirproperty, their servicesand their environment
There is a
potential foroccurrence
of an event
%a&ards are the result o aninteraction !et'een humanactivities and thenatural and technological processesthat can generate e(treme events
Hazard
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DisasterDisaster
5erious disruption offunctioning of society,causing 4idespreadhuman, material orenvironmental losses,
4hich e6ceed theability of the a7ectedpeople to cope usingtheir o4n resources' An e ve
n t, e i t her
man8made or
na t ura l, s udden or
progre s s i ve,
ca u s ing
4 ide spr
ead
h uman, ma ter ia l or
a l
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Vulnerability
8.ulnerability a condition or setso conditions that reduces people)sa!ility to prepare or* 'ithstand orrespond to a ha&ard
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RiskRisk$isk 9 A probability
that a communitysstructure orgeographic area is to
be damaged ordisrupted by theimpact of aparticular hazard, onaccount of their
nature, constructionand pro6imity to ahazardous area'
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CapacityCapacity"apac i t ies
are
t hose pos i t i ve
cond i t ion or a ! i l i t
ies
' h ic h increase a
commun i t y)s a ! i l i t y
to dea l ' i t h ha &a
rds
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(azard .ulnerabilityx
Disaster$isk "apacity
=
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Persons*!uildings* cropsor other such li#esocietalcomponents
e(posed to#no'n ha&ard*'hich are li#elyto !e adversely
a+ected !y the
Elements at RiskElements at Risk
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Response
$e a s u re s t h a t a re
re, u i red i n
se a rc h a nd
re sc ue o f s
u r v i vo r s* a
s
'e l l to mee t t he
! a s ic
need s fo r s
he l te r* ' a te r*
food a nd h
e a l t h c a re
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ReliefActions ta#en immediately ollo'ing theimpact o a disaster 'hen e(ceptionalmeasures are re,uired to meet the !asic
needs o the survivors
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;hat is the di7erencebet4een
1 "ecovery- "eha!ilitation
. "econstruction
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Recovery The process
underta#en !y adisaster/a+ectedcommunity to
ully restoreitsel to pre/disaster level ounctioning
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RehabilitationActions taken in
the aftermathof a disaster to:
0 assist victims torepair theird'ellings
0 re/esta!lish
essentialservices
0 revive #eyeconomic andsocial activities
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Reconstruction
3ermanentmeasures torepair or
replacedamagedd4ellings andinfrastructure
and to set theeconomy backon course'
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$ehabilitati
on
$econstructio
n
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Mitigation$itigation /measures ta#enprior to the
impact o adisaster tominimi&e itse+ects
2sometimesreerred to asstructural andnon/structural
measures3
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Structural$itigation
4and Use$anageme
nt
Mitigation
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reparedness
$easures ta#en in anticipation o adisaster to ensure that appropriate ande+ective actions are ta#en in the
atermath
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Disaster Risk Management
A broad range ofactivities designedto:
Prevent the loss o lives
$inimi&e humansu+ering
Inorm the pu!lic andauthorities o ris#
$inimi&e propertydamage and economic
loss
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E!ample " #dentify #nformation needs for appropriateand ade$uate Risk Reduction Measures "
Risk %ssessment &HVC%'
#o ensure theappropriatenessand relevance ofthe risk reduction
measures
--
)' 3rioritizeelements atrisk
*' !dentifypossible riskreduction
measures
+' "heck 4hich