Drug delivery systems: realistic or optimistic attitudes

Seyedmohammad MotevalliProf. Nie

Spring 2016

Drug Delivery SystemDDS defined as a formulation or a device that enables the introduction of a therapeutic substance in the body and improves its efficacy and safety by controlling the rate, time and place of release of drugs in the body.

Jain 2008

Cancer Cells

Kreso and Dick 2014

The Tumor Microenvironment

Thakor and Gambhir 2013

The primary goals for research of Nano-biotechnology in drug delivery include:

More specific drug targeting and delivery Reduction in toxicity while maintaining therapeutic

effects Greater safety and biocompatibility Faster development of new safe medicines

Passive DDS

Targeted drug delivery

Targeted Drug

Delivery Systems

Increased treatment efficacy

Increased specific

localization

Decreased toxic side

effects

Reduced dosage

Controlled bio

distributions

Modulated pharmaco-kinetics

Improved patient

compliance

Peer 2007 Rani 2014 Bae 2011 Philip 2010 Tiwari 2012 Kudgus 2014 Khan 2013

Patents and Articles publication

www.Lexinnova.com

$$$$$$$

www.Lexinnova.com

Nanoparticles Evolution

Zhang 2013

Examples of FDA approved DDS in the market

-Continued

Zhang 2013

Examples of nanoparticles used in cancer therapy and their current stage

-continued

Thakor 2013

Nanoparticles Type

Silica Metal Semoconductor

composite

Glass/Quartz Carbon Polyme

r

Drug molecules and Targeting ligands

Cagdas 2014

Copolymers

Bonacucina 2011 www.Wikipedia.org

Stimuli Responses Nanoparticles

Endogenous responses

pH-responsive

Enzyme concentratio

n

Redox gradients

Exogenous responses

Temperature

Magnetic field

Ultrasound intensity

Light Chen 2016

Endogenous responses

Mura 2013 Plank 2009 Chen 2016

Exogenous responses

Mura 2013 Meng 2016 Jacob 2014

Late 1970’s Current Era Future

First Nanoscale drug delivery system was lipid vesicles.

Nowadays, liposomes, cream, capsule, tablets, gel, aqueous solution, aerosols/spray are used as forms of delivery.

Nano enabled technology will take the maximum share of the market making up nearly 90% of drug delivery market.

Considered impossible to administer the pharmaceuticals suspensions by intravenous means, due to obvious risks of embolism.

15% of market uses nanoparticle for drug delivery systems.

Safe, Effective and without side effects. No wastage and increased bioavailability are going to be the basis of future drug delivery.

First paper was published in 1976; it focused on development of nanoparticle for vaccine purposes.

More specific for treatment. More-energetic and more-targeted methods, in which medications ride passively on the circulating bloodstream, where they may ormay not arrive at micro cracks in a high enough dosage to initiate healing.

References

Bae, Y. H. and K. Park (2011). "Targeted drug delivery to tumors: myths, reality and possibility." Journal of Controlled Release 153(3): 198.

Bonacucina, G., et al. (2011). "Thermosensitive self-assembling block copolymers as drug delivery systems." Polymers 3(2): 779-811.

Çağdaş, M., et al. (2014). Liposomes as Potential Drug Carrier Systems for Drug Delivery, INTECH. Chen, Y.-C., et al. (2016). "Non-metallic nanomaterials in cancer theranostics: a review of silica-and

carbon-based drug delivery systems." Science and Technology of Advanced Materials. Jain, K. K. (2008). "Drug delivery systems-an overview." Drug delivery systems: 1-50. Khan, I. U., et al. (2013). "Microfluidics: a focus on improved cancer targeted drug delivery

systems." Journal of Controlled Release 172(3): 1065-1074. Kreso, A. and J. E. Dick (2014). "Evolution of the cancer stem cell model." Cell stem cell 14(3): 275-

291. Kudgus, R. A., et al. (2014). "Tuning pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of a targeted drug

delivery system through incorporation of a passive targeting component." Scientific reports 4.

Meng, Z., et al. (2016). "NIR‐Laser‐Switched In Vivo Smart Nanocapsules for Synergic Photothermal and Chemotherapy of Tumors." Advanced Materials 28(2): 245-253.

Mura, S., et al. (2013). "Stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for drug delivery." Nature materials 12(11): 991-1003. Peer, D., et al. (2007). "Nanocarriers as an emerging platform for cancer therapy." Nature nanotechnology

2(12): 751-760. Philip, A. K. and B. Philip (2010). "Colon targeted drug delivery systems: a review on primary and novel

approaches." Oman Med J 25(2): 79-87. Plank, C. (2009). "Nanomedicine: silence the target." Nature nanotechnology 4(9): 544-545. Rani, K. and S. Paliwal (2014). "A review on targeted durg delivery: its entire focus on advanced therapeutics

and diagnostics." Sch. J. App. Med. Sci 2(1C): 328-331. Thakor, A. S. and S. S. Gambhir (2013). "Nanooncology: the future of cancer diagnosis and therapy." CA: a

cancer journal for clinicians 63(6): 395-418. Tiwari, G., et al. (2012). "Drug delivery systems: An updated review." International journal of pharmaceutical

investigation 2(1): 2. Zhang, Y., et al. (2013). "Advanced materials and processing for drug delivery: the past and the future."

Advanced drug delivery reviews 65(1): 104-120.

References

Thank you for your kindly attention