Post on 06-Apr-2018
transcript
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
1/31
EnvironmentalArchitecture
For
Eco-housing inMumbaiRoshni Udyavar
H.O.D.,
Rachana Sansads Institute of Environmental Architecture
17 June 2006, MCGM Committee Hall
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
2/31
What is Environmental
Architecture?Arch i tec t u re tha t reduces the impac t on the env i ronm ent &
sust a ins t he ec o syst e m of w hic h i t is a par t
A hol i s t i c approach t o des ign w h ich in tegra tes ra ther than
e li m in ate s th e el eme nts t h at l in k b ui lt f o rms t o t h ei r
env i ronment
A ims t o c reat e a se l f -sus ta inable un it w h ich has a m in imized
eco log ica l foo t p r int
Creates bu i ld ings w h ich are leas t de t r iment a l to t he nat ura l
ec osys tem and soc ia l fabr ic c ons idering hydro-geology,
ve et a t ion fauna soi l env i ronm ent a nd soc ia l ec o lo
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
3/31
Basic Paradigms of Ecological Architecture
Cl imat e Sens it i ve Arch i t ec t u re
Energy Ef f ic ient Design
Preservat ion o f Nat ura l Ec osyst em s
Use of Renew able Energy
Wat er Resource Managem ent
Use of Ec o-fr iendly m at er ia ls
Ec olog ica l Landscape Design
Sol id Wast e Managem ent Heal t hy Indoor Envi ronm ent
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
4/31
Basic Paradigms of Ecological Architecture
Cl imate Sens i t i ve Arch i t ec t u re is a response to t he c l ima t e
Based on analysis of climate zone and
micro-climate needs
Based on attaining comfort level inbio-climatic chart
Identification of Passive design elements
such as walls, openings, roofs, etc. & the
use of appropriate technology & materials
Preparing Passive design strategies
heating, cooling, ventilation, humidification/
dehumidificationImp l i ca t ions
Reduced energy costs and loads during
active life of building
Thermal comfort of occupants
Reduced impact (heat island )on the external environment
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
5/31
Basic Paradigms of Ecological Architecture
Cl imat e Sens it i ve Arch i t ec t u re Analys is tec hn iques inc lude
Sun dial or sun-path diagram - shading
Solar radiation external heat gain
Wind rose & wind square - ventilation
Climate response matrix sun and wind
Bio-climatic chart
Occupancy
Lux levels
Internal heat gain
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
6/31
Basic Paradigms of Ecological Architecture
Cl imat e Sens it i ve Arch i t ec t u re
The 540,000 sq. ft headquarters of the ING bank in Amsterdam is a seriesof interconnected towers which do not use conventional air conditioning. It relies primarilyon passive cooling with back-up absorption chillers. The building uses less than a tenth theenergy of its predecessor and a fifth that of a conventional new office building inAmsterdam. The annual energy savings are approximately $2.9 million from features that
added roughly $700,000 to the construction cost of the buildingand were paid back inthree months.
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
7/31
Basic Paradigms of Ecological Architecture
Cl imat e Sens it i ve Arch i t ec t u re
The roof of the Kabra house in Jaipur which recirculates waste water through the roof slabdoes not require conventional cooling it is a passive cooled house
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
8/31
Basic Paradigms of Ecological Architecture
Materials with low embodied energy
Materials that contain recycledcontent or are recyclable
Local or rapidly renewable material
Non-toxic/Low Toxic Materials
Imp l i ca t ions
Reduce the release of GHGs
Safeguard health of occupants Reduced impact on the external environment
Use of Ec o-fr iendly m at er ia ls
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
WATER CONSERVATION
INDOOR AIR QUALITY
AFFORDABILITY
DURABILITY
Reuse of industrial & other
waste materials
Non-polluting manufacturing
process
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
9/31
Basic Paradigms of Ecological Architecture
Use of Ec o-f r iend ly m at er ials : a few exam ples
Fly Ash:nearly 100mt produced annually has occupied nearly
75,000 acres for past 30 years can be blended with cement up to 40%
Recycled plastic or post-industrial waste can be used as excellent
insulating materials for flooring and roofing
Use of municipal solid waste as a building material
Alternatives to cement & concrete include masonry cement, blast
furnace slag cement, fly ash cement and fiber-reinforced compositecement
Light-weight, weather resistant and rigid, sisal based composite
panels with polyester resin which can be used for wall partitions
Organic materials can be use of wood composites, bagasse and coir
based boards and tiles.
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
10/31
Basic Paradigms of Ecological Architecture
Use of Ec o-f r iend ly m at er ials : a few ex amples
The entire 40-truck load of debris from an existing building in Dahisar, Mumbai, is being
recycled to generate 50,000 bricks for the new structure: implying no debris goes todumping ground, no pollution and use of top soil involved in conventional bricks
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
11/31
Basic Paradigms of Ecological Architecture
Use of Renew able Energy Resourc es
Imp l i ca t ions
Reduce dependence on fossil fuels
Reduce the emission of Green house gases
& thus the threat of global warming
Pollution and emission-free
Fuel cells and hydrogen
Solar thermal for water heating
Solar Photo Voltaic for electricity
Wind & hybrid systems
Geothermal, tidal, micro-hydel energy
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
12/31
Basic Paradigms of Ecological Architecture
Use of Renew able Energy Resourc es
The use of solar water heating for a ongoing building in Andheri consisting of 152
tenements at 25,000 lpd, is Rs. 35 lakhs will lead to savings in electrical energy to the tuneof 4,36,046.51 units and Rs. 19,62,209.3 at Rs. 4.50 per unit.
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
13/31
Basic Paradigms of Ecological Architecture
Use of Renew able Energy Resourc es
A building with integrated photovoltaic system in Santa Monica, USA
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
14/31
Basic Paradigms of Ecological Architecture
Ec olog ica l landscaping
Imp l i ca t ions
Prevention of soil erosion & subsequent
ecological devastations
Protection of native, indigenous species of vegetation
Including water shed, waste and watermanagement
Based on knowledge of topography,
drainage, geology as well as flora and
fauna of the region
Bo-biologue: passive design with trees
Protection of soil and vegetation
Long term ecological sustainability of the bio-region
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
15/31
Basic Paradigms of Ecological Architecture
Ec olog ica l landscaping
Geology, hydrology, vegetation, soil erosion, conservation of local fauna, were
some of the key considerations in the revitalization plan for charlotte lakeprepared by students of Rachana Sansad
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
16/31
Basic Paradigms of Ecological Architecture
Wat er Resources Management
Roof-top rainwater harvesting
Water shed management
Water recycling through non-
conventional biological methods suchas DEWATS & Reed-bed system orLIVING MACHINES
Imp l i ca t ions
Water conservation using efficient
equipments
Restore natures hydrological cycle
Recharge ground water and under-
ground acquifers
Prevent ground water contamination & pollution
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
17/31
Basic Paradigms of Ecological Architecture
Wat er Resources Management
Neelkant Apartments in Worli collects has the facility to harvest 10,000 liters of
rainwater per day, the overflow of which recharges an existing bore wellwhich now provides self-sufficient flushing water supply for the building
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
18/31
Basic Paradigms of Ecological Architecture
Wat er Resources Management
Water shed management using simple techniques such as drum dams and
continuous contour trenches have shown considerable increase in water yieldand rejuvenation of vegetation in Kachegati, Aurangabad
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
19/31
Basic Paradigms of Ecological Architecture
Wat er Resources Management
Nearly four lakh liters of sewage is treated using reed beds and aquatic plants
for gardening and water a golf course in Mumbai
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
20/31
Basic Paradigms of Ecological Architecture
Wat er Resources Management
The public security building at Santa Monica, USA, recycles sewage water
in an innovative way as a public fountain. The building also uses passivedesign
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
21/31
Basic Paradigms of Ecological Architecture
Sol id w aste m anagement
Segregation of organic, dry and
hazardous waste
Composting organic waste usingtechniques such as vermicomposting,organic composting and city farming
Recycling of dry waste such as plastic,glass, aluminum, steel and paper
Imp l i ca t ions Better health and hygienic surrounds
Production of bio gas to be used for
cooking and lighting
Free inputs in the form of organic fertilizer
Conservation of precious resources
Utilization of a greenhouse gas alternative for conventional energy
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
22/31
Basic Paradigms of Ecological Architecture
Sol id w aste m anagement
The 5 ton capacity biogas plant at shatabdi hospital maintained by Stree
Mukti Sanghatana produces 10 15 kg of Methane gas which is used by thehospital canteen
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
23/31
Some more concepts in green buildings
Green Roofs
The green roof atop Schipol Amsterdam International Airport, replaces the
net concrete surface of the structure, breeds faunal habitat and acts as anatural insulation
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
24/31
Some more concepts in green buildings
Cit y/ Terrac e farm ing
The concept of city farming developed at the BPT canteen utilizes all the
organic waste directly to grow plants, a technique developed by Dr. R. T.Doshi, whose 1200 sq. ft. terrace in Bandra yields 5 kg of vegetables and
fruits daily for 300 days
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
25/31
Environmental and Economic Benefits of Green design
Enhance and p ro tec t ec osystem s
Im prove ai r , w at er qua li t y qua li ty o f l i fe
Reduce sol id and l iquid w aste
Cons erv e nat u ra l res ourc e s for a sus t ain able f ut u re
Reduce ope ra t i ng cos ts
Op t im ize l i f e-cyc le economic pe rformance
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
26/31
Why Eco-housing for
Mumbai?
Mi l l lands, s lum redeve lopment , e t c . have led to t he rap id
dest ruc t ion o f the env i ronment and shrink ing o f green zones
Bui ld ings c onsume 40% of our energy, 20% of our w at er , and
near ly 35% o f l andf i l l w as te . The m anu fac t u re o f c onvent ional
bu ild ing m ater ia ls a lso c ont r ibu te t o po l lu t ion
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
27/31
Mum bai l ik e m ost c i t ies has a l inear m et a food, w at er
and ot h
bo lism
er p roduc t s a re tu rned in to w as te
Why Eco-housing for
Mumbai?
The ec o log ic a l foot p r in t i s near ly 40 t im es tha t o f a v il l age in
Ind ia
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
28/31
Why Eco-housing for
Mumbai?
Ris ing hea l th c ost s &
low er qua l it y o f l i fe
St andard g lass
fa ade bu i ld ings
w h ich o ft en make i t s
inhab i tan t s sick and
less p roduct ive
Cont r ibu te t o the
heat is land ef fec t
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
29/31
Why Eco-housing for
Mumbai?
Cement m anufac t ure
g ives out la rge
amount s o f carbon diox ide w h ic h is a
m ajor green house
gas lead ing to g loba l
wa r m i n g
As resourc es dec l ine,
t hei r marke t va lue
increases
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
30/31
Civilization did not leave stone age becausewe ran out of stones. Progress past the stoneage was possible when better tools wereinvented that were made of bronze alloys
- Roy McCalister
E h i f M b i
8/3/2019 Environmental Architecture
31/31
Eco-housing for Mumbai
Let us bring about the dawn of a
sustainable civilization