Post on 21-May-2018
transcript
WP-06
FuelPlanningandManagementinNCO/NCC
JulianScarfeEuropeAirSports
FranciscoArenasAlvariñoApril2016
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 2
Contents
Part-NCO Part-NCC
Foreach Whyanewconcept? Whatisthenewconcept? HowdoesitfitwithAnnex6?
ScopeofPart-NCO
OtherthancomplexmotorpoweredaircraMinnon-commercialoperaNons
ICAOAnnex6PartIIChapter2
Categories Aeroplanes Helicopters
Balloons Sailplanes
“GeneralAviaNon”
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 3
CurrentrulesinPart-NCO
ᶱ Aeroplanes 45minsforIFR,night
30minsfordayVFR
10minsforlocalVFRinsightofAD
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 4
TripAlt
Cont
FRF
MostGAaeroplanesarepistonsomoreconservaNvethanCATforIFR/nightwhichuses30minsforturbines.
RiskBasedApproach
Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 5
• Samesafetylevel:§ Notfeasible§ Notwhatpublicexpects
§ AgainstICAOendorsedphilosophy• But:
• SpecificriskcategoriesareassociatedwithspecificGAacAviAes.
• transport business training sport
• MoreFreedom• MoreProtecNon
03.06.2016
Typicallevelsofsafety
Part-CAToperaNons 1fatalaccidentper100millionflighthours
Part-NCOoperaNons 1fatalaccidentper100,000flighthours
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 6
RiskdifferenNaNon
TheGASafetyStrategysetsoutprinciple:regulatoryprotecNonisprovidedforstakeholdersdependentontheirabilitytoassessandcontroltherisktheyareexposedto.
UninvolvedthirdparNes Fare-payingpassengersinCAT
InvolvedthirdparNes(e.g.airshowspectators,airportgroundworkers)
AerialworkparNcipants/Aircrewinvolvedinasworkers
Passengers(“parNcipants”)onnon-commercialflights Privatepilotsonnon-commercialflights
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 7
Otherreasonstousesafety-objecNvebasedrulesforGA
NocompeNNveenvironmentinOps CompeNNveCATenvironmentrequiresagreementonbaselinelevelse.g.FRF GApilotlivesordieswithhisrisklevel
GAinmanymemberstates(e.g.UK,DE,ES)withsafetyobjecNverulehasachievedasafetyrecordatleastasgoodasotherstates(FR,SE)withprescripNve(10/30/45FRF)requirements BroadrangeofnewtechnologiesinGAaircraM,introducedsince30/45FRFrulesintroduced
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 9
Severityofallengineoutoccurrence
Catastrophic
Serious,butsurvivable
NormaloperaNon!
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 10
RejectedopNonAllowconNngencyuseofreservefuel
45minspiston,30turbineforIFR 45minspiston,30turbinefornight
30minsfordayVFR
10minsforlocalVFRinsightofAD
PreviousICAOandFAArulebut
losesthevalueofFRFconcept
moredifficultICAOcompliance
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 11
TripAlt
FRF+Cont
Proposal
Overarchingsafety-objecNverule PilotselectsFRFbasedoncriteria
severityofthehazardaMerfuelstarvaNon terrainforemergencylanding
weatherclosetothedesNnaNon precisionofthemeasurementandcalculaNonoffinalfuelexpectedlikelihoodofunexpectedevents
10/30/45asdefaultsinAMC/GM
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 12
TripAlt
Cont
FRF
ProposedIRfuelplanning
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 13
NCO.OP.125Fuelandoilsupply—aeroplanesandhelicopters
(a)Thepilot-in-commandshallensurethatthequanNtyoffuelandoilonboardcarriedissufficienttoensurethattheintendedflightcanbecompletedsafely,takingintoaccountthemeteorologicalcondiNons,anyelementaffecNngtheperformanceoftheaircraMandanydelaysthatareexpectedinflight,withanallowanceforconNngenciesthatmightreasonablybeexpectedtoaffecttheflight.
ProposedIRfuelplanning
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 14
NCO.OP.125Fuelandoilsupply—aeroplanesandhelicopters
(b)Thepilot-in-commandshallplanaquanAtyoffueltobeprotectedasfinalreservefuel,toensureasafelandingwhenunforeseenoccurrencesmaynotpermitsafecompleNonofanoperaNonasoriginallyplanned.IndeterminingthequanNtyoffinalreservefuel,thepilotincommandshalltakeintoaccount:(1)theseverityofthehazardtopersonsorpropertythatwouldresultfromanemergencylandingaMerfuelstarvaNon;
(2)theterraininwhichsuchanemergencylandingmightbemade;
(3)theweathercondiNonsatandclosetothedesNnaNon;
(4)theprecisionofthemeasurementandcalculaNonoffuelexpectedtoonboardattheendoftheflight;(5)theavailabilityofalternaNvelandingopNons;and
(6)thelikelihoodofunexpectedcircumstancesarisingthatmightpreventordelayasafelandingattheendoftheintendedflight,havingregardtotheduraNonoftheplannedflight.
ProposedIRfuelplanning
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 15
NCO.OP.125Fuelandoilsupply—aeroplanesandhelicopters
(c)Thepilot-in-commandshallonlycommenceaflightiftheaircraMcarries:
(1)forvisualflightrules(VFR)flightsandIFRflightswhennodesNnaNonalternateisrequired,sufficientfuelandoiltoflytotheaerodromeofintendedlandingplusfinalreservefuel
(2)forIFRflightswhenadesNnaNonalternateisrequired,sufficientfuelandoiltoflytotheaerodromeofintendedlanding,andthereaMertoanalternateaerodrome,plusfinalreservefuel
ProposedAMCfuelplanning
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 16
AMC1NCO.OP.125(b)Fuelandoilsupply—aeroplanesandhelicopters
Unless,aMeranalysisofthefactorsinNCO.OP.125(b),alowerquanNtyisreasonable,thefinalreservequanNtyshouldbenolessthanrequiredtofly(a)foraeroplanes:
(i)for10minutesatnormalcruisingalNtudeforVFRflightsbyday,taking-offandlandingatthesameaerodrome/landingsiteandalwaysremaininginsightofthataerodrome/landingsite,(ii)for30minutesatnormalcruisingalNtudeforotherVFRflightsbyday,
(iii)for45minutesatnormalcruisingalNtudeforVFRflightsbynight,andIFRflights.(b)forhelicopters,
(i)for20minutesatbestrangespeedforVFRflights(ii)for45minutesatholdingspeedat450m(1500M)abovethedesNnaNonforIFRflights.
GM1NCO.OP.125(b)Fuelandoilsupply—aeroplanesandhelicopters
TheplannedfinalreservefuelisintendedtobeprotectedasareserveinnormaloperaNons,i.e.thepilotincommandwouldconsideritanemergencyifthefuelonboardweretofallbelowthefinalreservefuel.FinalreservefuelisnotintendedtobeusedasaconNngencyinnormaloperaNons.
ProposedIRIn-flightFuelManagement
NCO.OP.185In-flightfuelmanagement
(a)Thepilot-in-commandshallmonitortheamountofusablefuelremainingonboardtoensureitisnotlessthanthefuelrequiredtoproceedtoasitewhereasafelandingcanbemadeinaccordancewithnormaloperaNngprocedureswiththeplannedfinalreservefuelremaining.(b)Thepilot-in-commandshalladviseATCofaminimumfuelstatebydeclaringMINIMUMFUELwhen,havingcommiqedtolandataspecificaerodrome,thepilotcalculatesthatanychangetotheexisNngclearancetothataerodrome,orotherairtrafficdelays,mayresultinlandingwithlessthanthefinalreservefuel.
(c)Thepilot-in-commandshalldeclareasituaNonoffuelemergencybybroadcasNngMAYDAYMAYDAYMAYDAYFUEL,whenthecalculatedusablefuelesNmatedtobeavailableuponlandingatthenearestsitewhereasafelandingcanbemadeinaccordancewithnormaloperaNngproceduresislessthantheplannedfinalreservefuel.
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 17
ICAOdifferences
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 18
CurrentPart-NCO Proposal
2.2.3.6.1FRFquanNNes ✖ PermitslowerFRFforVFRflightswithinsightofanAD
✖ PermitsPiCtoselectFRFbasedonriskcriteria
2.2.3.6.2fuelreplanning ✓ ✓ shouldbeAMC
2.2.4.7.1monitorin-flight ✓ ICAOtext ✓ ICAOtext
2.2.4.7.2minimumfuelcall ✖ ✓ ICAOtext
2.2.4.7.3maydayfuel ✖ ✓ ICAOtext
ScopeofPart-NCC
ComplexmotorpoweredaircraMinnon-commercialoperaNons
ICAOAnnex6PartIIChapter3
Categories Aeroplanes Helicopters
“GeneralAviaNon”
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 19
CurrentrulesinPart-NCC
BasedonNCOwording• Aeroplanes
45minsforIFR,night
30minsfordayVFR
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 20
TripAlt
Cont
FRF
MoreconservaNvethanCATforIFR/nightwhichuses30minsforturbines.
Typicallevelsofsafety
Part-CAToperaNons 1fatalaccidentper100millionflighthours
Part-NCOoperaNons 1fatalaccidentper100,000flighthours
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 21
Typicallevelsofsafety
Part-NCCoperaNons MorelikeCAT…
1fatalaccidentper1-10millionflighthours
Part-NCOoperaNons 1fatalaccidentper100,000flighthours
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 22
Severityofallengineoutoccurrence
Catastrophic
Serious,butsurvivable
NormaloperaNon!
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 23
Severityofallengineoutoccurrence
PracNcallyCatastrophic
Serious,butsurvivable
NormaloperaNon!
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 24
NatureofPart-NCC
Typically,thesameaircraMareusedforcommercialandnon-commercial(corporate)operaNons. AvailableAFMdatamoresuitedtoCATscheme.
RolesandresponsibilitychainmorelikeCAT: Professionalpilots
OperatorswithorganisaNonalstructureandsystems PassengersexpecNngtransport,notflightexperience
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 25
ProposedIRfuelplanning
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 26
NCC.OP.131Fuelscheme–Fuelplanningandinflightreplanningpolicy.
Theoperatorshallestablishaspartofthefuelschemeafuelplanningandin-flightreplanningpolicytoensuretheaeroplanecarriessufficientamountofusablefueltocompletetheplannedflightsafelyandtoallowfordeviaNonsfromtheplannedoperaNon.
Proposal:AlignwithPart-CAT
AlignedwithCAT• Aeroplanes
45minsforpiston
30minsforturbine
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 27
TripAlt
Cont
FRF
Taxi
AddExtraDisc
ProposedIRIn-flightFuelManagement
NCC.OP.205In-flightfuelmanagement
(a)Thepilot-in-commandshallmonitortheamountofusablefuelremainingonboardtoensureitisnotlessthanthefuelrequiredtoproceedtoasitewhereasafelandingcanbemadeinaccordancewithnormaloperaNngprocedureswiththeplannedfinalreservefuelremaining.(b)Thepilot-in-commandshalladviseATCofaminimumfuelstatebydeclaringMINIMUMFUELwhen,havingcommiqedtolandataspecificaerodrome,thepilotcalculatesthatanychangetotheexisNngclearancetothataerodrome,orotherairtrafficdelays,mayresultinlandingwithlessthanthefinalreservefuel.
(c)Thepilot-in-commandshalldeclareasituaNonoffuelemergencybybroadcasNngMAYDAYMAYDAYMAYDAYFUEL,whenthecalculatedusablefuelesNmatedtobeavailableuponlandingatthenearestsitewhereasafelandingcanbemadeinaccordancewithnormaloperaNngproceduresislessthantheplannedfinalreservefuel.
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 28
ICAOdifferences
03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 29
CurrentPart-NCC Proposal
3.4.3.5FRFquanNNes ✖ NotconsistentMajordifferences
✓ ConsistentMinordifferences
3.4.3.6.1monitorin-flight ✓ ICAOtext ✓ ICAOtext
3.4.3.6.2minimumfuelcall ✖ ✓ ICAOtext
3.4.3.6.3maydayfuel ✖ ✓ ICAOtext