Fuel Planning and Management in NCO/NCC - SVFB EASA AERO 2016... · WP-06 Fuel Planning and...

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FuelPlanningandManagementinNCO/NCC

JulianScarfeEuropeAirSports

FranciscoArenasAlvariñoApril2016

03.06.2016 Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 2

Contents

 Part-NCO Part-NCC

 Foreach Whyanewconcept? Whatisthenewconcept? HowdoesitfitwithAnnex6?

ScopeofPart-NCO

 OtherthancomplexmotorpoweredaircraMinnon-commercialoperaNons

 ICAOAnnex6PartIIChapter2

 Categories Aeroplanes Helicopters

 Balloons Sailplanes

 “GeneralAviaNon”


CurrentrulesinPart-NCO

ᶱ  Aeroplanes 45minsforIFR,night

 30minsfordayVFR

 10minsforlocalVFRinsightofAD


TripAlt

Cont

FRF

MostGAaeroplanesarepistonsomoreconservaNvethanCATforIFR/nightwhichuses30minsforturbines.

RiskBasedApproach

Part-NCO/NCCFuelPlanning 5

• Samesafetylevel:§ Notfeasible§ Notwhatpublicexpects

§ AgainstICAOendorsedphilosophy• But:

• SpecificriskcategoriesareassociatedwithspecificGAacAviAes.

• transport business training sport

• MoreFreedom• MoreProtecNon

03.06.2016

Typicallevelsofsafety

 Part-CAToperaNons 1fatalaccidentper100millionflighthours

 Part-NCOoperaNons 1fatalaccidentper100,000flighthours


RiskdifferenNaNon

 TheGASafetyStrategysetsoutprinciple:regulatoryprotecNonisprovidedforstakeholdersdependentontheirabilitytoassessandcontroltherisktheyareexposedto.

 UninvolvedthirdparNes Fare-payingpassengersinCAT

 InvolvedthirdparNes(e.g.airshowspectators,airportgroundworkers)

 AerialworkparNcipants/Aircrewinvolvedinasworkers

 Passengers(“parNcipants”)onnon-commercialflights Privatepilotsonnon-commercialflights


BalancedApproachtoRegulaNon


Otherreasonstousesafety-objecNvebasedrulesforGA

 NocompeNNveenvironmentinOps CompeNNveCATenvironmentrequiresagreementonbaselinelevelse.g.FRF GApilotlivesordieswithhisrisklevel

 GAinmanymemberstates(e.g.UK,DE,ES)withsafetyobjecNverulehasachievedasafetyrecordatleastasgoodasotherstates(FR,SE)withprescripNve(10/30/45FRF)requirements BroadrangeofnewtechnologiesinGAaircraM,introducedsince30/45FRFrulesintroduced


Severityofallengineoutoccurrence

 Catastrophic

 Serious,butsurvivable

 NormaloperaNon!


RejectedopNonAllowconNngencyuseofreservefuel

 45minspiston,30turbineforIFR 45minspiston,30turbinefornight

 30minsfordayVFR

 10minsforlocalVFRinsightofAD

PreviousICAOandFAArulebut

losesthevalueofFRFconcept

moredifficultICAOcompliance


TripAlt

FRF+Cont

Proposal

 Overarchingsafety-objecNverule PilotselectsFRFbasedoncriteria

 severityofthehazardaMerfuelstarvaNon terrainforemergencylanding

 weatherclosetothedesNnaNon precisionofthemeasurementandcalculaNonoffinalfuelexpectedlikelihoodofunexpectedevents

 10/30/45asdefaultsinAMC/GM


TripAlt

Cont

FRF

ProposedIRfuelplanning


NCO.OP.125Fuelandoilsupply—aeroplanesandhelicopters

(a)Thepilot-in-commandshallensurethatthequanNtyoffuelandoilonboardcarriedissufficienttoensurethattheintendedflightcanbecompletedsafely,takingintoaccountthemeteorologicalcondiNons,anyelementaffecNngtheperformanceoftheaircraMandanydelaysthatareexpectedinflight,withanallowanceforconNngenciesthatmightreasonablybeexpectedtoaffecttheflight.




(b)Thepilot-in-commandshallplanaquanAtyoffueltobeprotectedasfinalreservefuel,toensureasafelandingwhenunforeseenoccurrencesmaynotpermitsafecompleNonofanoperaNonasoriginallyplanned.IndeterminingthequanNtyoffinalreservefuel,thepilotincommandshalltakeintoaccount:(1)theseverityofthehazardtopersonsorpropertythatwouldresultfromanemergencylandingaMerfuelstarvaNon;

(2)theterraininwhichsuchanemergencylandingmightbemade;

(3)theweathercondiNonsatandclosetothedesNnaNon;

(4)theprecisionofthemeasurementandcalculaNonoffuelexpectedtoonboardattheendoftheflight;(5)theavailabilityofalternaNvelandingopNons;and

(6)thelikelihoodofunexpectedcircumstancesarisingthatmightpreventordelayasafelandingattheendoftheintendedflight,havingregardtotheduraNonoftheplannedflight.




(c)Thepilot-in-commandshallonlycommenceaflightiftheaircraMcarries:

(1)forvisualflightrules(VFR)flightsandIFRflightswhennodesNnaNonalternateisrequired,sufficientfuelandoiltoflytotheaerodromeofintendedlandingplusfinalreservefuel

(2)forIFRflightswhenadesNnaNonalternateisrequired,sufficientfuelandoiltoflytotheaerodromeofintendedlanding,andthereaMertoanalternateaerodrome,plusfinalreservefuel

ProposedAMCfuelplanning


AMC1NCO.OP.125(b)Fuelandoilsupply—aeroplanesandhelicopters

Unless,aMeranalysisofthefactorsinNCO.OP.125(b),alowerquanNtyisreasonable,thefinalreservequanNtyshouldbenolessthanrequiredtofly(a)foraeroplanes:

(i)for10minutesatnormalcruisingalNtudeforVFRflightsbyday,taking-offandlandingatthesameaerodrome/landingsiteandalwaysremaininginsightofthataerodrome/landingsite,(ii)for30minutesatnormalcruisingalNtudeforotherVFRflightsbyday,

(iii)for45minutesatnormalcruisingalNtudeforVFRflightsbynight,andIFRflights.(b)forhelicopters,

(i)for20minutesatbestrangespeedforVFRflights(ii)for45minutesatholdingspeedat450m(1500M)abovethedesNnaNonforIFRflights.

GM1NCO.OP.125(b)Fuelandoilsupply—aeroplanesandhelicopters

TheplannedfinalreservefuelisintendedtobeprotectedasareserveinnormaloperaNons,i.e.thepilotincommandwouldconsideritanemergencyifthefuelonboardweretofallbelowthefinalreservefuel.FinalreservefuelisnotintendedtobeusedasaconNngencyinnormaloperaNons.

ProposedIRIn-flightFuelManagement

NCO.OP.185In-flightfuelmanagement

(a)Thepilot-in-commandshallmonitortheamountofusablefuelremainingonboardtoensureitisnotlessthanthefuelrequiredtoproceedtoasitewhereasafelandingcanbemadeinaccordancewithnormaloperaNngprocedureswiththeplannedfinalreservefuelremaining.(b)Thepilot-in-commandshalladviseATCofaminimumfuelstatebydeclaringMINIMUMFUELwhen,havingcommiqedtolandataspecificaerodrome,thepilotcalculatesthatanychangetotheexisNngclearancetothataerodrome,orotherairtrafficdelays,mayresultinlandingwithlessthanthefinalreservefuel.

(c)Thepilot-in-commandshalldeclareasituaNonoffuelemergencybybroadcasNngMAYDAYMAYDAYMAYDAYFUEL,whenthecalculatedusablefuelesNmatedtobeavailableuponlandingatthenearestsitewhereasafelandingcanbemadeinaccordancewithnormaloperaNngproceduresislessthantheplannedfinalreservefuel.


ICAOdifferences


CurrentPart-NCO Proposal

2.2.3.6.1FRFquanNNes ✖ PermitslowerFRFforVFRflightswithinsightofanAD

✖ PermitsPiCtoselectFRFbasedonriskcriteria

2.2.3.6.2fuelreplanning ✓ ✓ shouldbeAMC

2.2.4.7.1monitorin-flight ✓ ICAOtext ✓ ICAOtext

2.2.4.7.2minimumfuelcall ✖ ✓ ICAOtext

2.2.4.7.3maydayfuel ✖ ✓ ICAOtext

ScopeofPart-NCC

 ComplexmotorpoweredaircraMinnon-commercialoperaNons

 ICAOAnnex6PartIIChapter3

 Categories Aeroplanes Helicopters

 “GeneralAviaNon”


CurrentrulesinPart-NCC

BasedonNCOwording• Aeroplanes

 45minsforIFR,night

 30minsfordayVFR


TripAlt

Cont

FRF

MoreconservaNvethanCATforIFR/nightwhichuses30minsforturbines.


 Part-CAToperaNons 1fatalaccidentper100millionflighthours




 Part-NCCoperaNons MorelikeCAT…

 1fatalaccidentper1-10millionflighthours




 Catastrophic


 NormaloperaNon!



 PracNcallyCatastrophic


 NormaloperaNon!


NatureofPart-NCC

 Typically,thesameaircraMareusedforcommercialandnon-commercial(corporate)operaNons. AvailableAFMdatamoresuitedtoCATscheme.

 RolesandresponsibilitychainmorelikeCAT: Professionalpilots

 OperatorswithorganisaNonalstructureandsystems PassengersexpecNngtransport,notflightexperience




NCC.OP.131Fuelscheme–Fuelplanningandinflightreplanningpolicy.

Theoperatorshallestablishaspartofthefuelschemeafuelplanningandin-flightreplanningpolicytoensuretheaeroplanecarriessufficientamountofusablefueltocompletetheplannedflightsafelyandtoallowfordeviaNonsfromtheplannedoperaNon.

Proposal:AlignwithPart-CAT

AlignedwithCAT• Aeroplanes

 45minsforpiston

 30minsforturbine


TripAlt

Cont

FRF

Taxi

AddExtraDisc

ProposedIRIn-flightFuelManagement

NCC.OP.205In-flightfuelmanagement

(a)Thepilot-in-commandshallmonitortheamountofusablefuelremainingonboardtoensureitisnotlessthanthefuelrequiredtoproceedtoasitewhereasafelandingcanbemadeinaccordancewithnormaloperaNngprocedureswiththeplannedfinalreservefuelremaining.(b)Thepilot-in-commandshalladviseATCofaminimumfuelstatebydeclaringMINIMUMFUELwhen,havingcommiqedtolandataspecificaerodrome,thepilotcalculatesthatanychangetotheexisNngclearancetothataerodrome,orotherairtrafficdelays,mayresultinlandingwithlessthanthefinalreservefuel.

(c)Thepilot-in-commandshalldeclareasituaNonoffuelemergencybybroadcasNngMAYDAYMAYDAYMAYDAYFUEL,whenthecalculatedusablefuelesNmatedtobeavailableuponlandingatthenearestsitewhereasafelandingcanbemadeinaccordancewithnormaloperaNngproceduresislessthantheplannedfinalreservefuel.


ICAOdifferences


CurrentPart-NCC Proposal

3.4.3.5FRFquanNNes ✖ NotconsistentMajordifferences

✓ ConsistentMinordifferences

3.4.3.6.1monitorin-flight ✓ ICAOtext ✓ ICAOtext

3.4.3.6.2minimumfuelcall ✖ ✓ ICAOtext

3.4.3.6.3maydayfuel ✖ ✓ ICAOtext

SummaryandNextSteps

 ForNCO: MoreproporNonaterules

 Morepilotresponsibilityandjudgment NoanNcipatedimpactonsafetyperformance

 ForNCC: ConsistencywithCAT

 Clarityandcertainty

 NPA2016-0x PleasecommentfavourablyinyourNAA


Date post:	21-May-2018
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