Grudgeball

Acids, Bases and Salts

What is the test for carbon dioxide gas?

Carbon dioxide gas will turn limewater cloudy.

Name a solution which will change blue litmus to red.

Any acid

What is the test for Iron (II) ion?

Dissolve in water + sodium hydroxide

Green precipitate

What is the test for Potassium ion?

Flame test – Lilac

What substance is amphoteric?

Water

Water is amphoteric – although water is

neutral, it can act as an acid or a base.

What is the test for iodide ion?

Dissolve in water. Nitric acid + silver nitrate

Yellow precipitate

Give an example of an acidic pH level.

-2 to <7

What is the test for hydrogen gas?

Hydrogen gas will produce a squeaky pop when lit with a

match.

What is the test for carbonate ion?

Dissolve in water. Nitric acid produces gas which turns lime

water cloudy

Name a solution which will change red litmus to blue

Any base

What is the test for sulfate ion?

Dissolve in water + Barium chloride + dilute acid

White precipitate

Give an example of a basic pH level.

7< to 14

What is the test for Iron (III) ion?

Dissolve in water + sodium hydroxide

Red/brown precipitate

What pH level is neutral?

7

What is a Brønsted-Lowry Base?

Proton (H+) acceptor

Give an example of a soluble salt

Any salt containing: nitrate (NO3

-), Na+, K+ and NH4

+, most Cl- and most sulphates

(SO4-2)

What is a Brønsted-Lowry Acid?

Proton (H+) donor

What is the test for chloride ion?

Dissolve in water. Nitric acid + silver nitrate

White precipitate

Finish this sentence: “An acid plus a alkali yields…”

Salt + water

How can you make an insoluble salt?

Mixing two soluble salts.

What is a titration?

The neutralization of an acid with an alkali (soluble base). Used to estimate how much acid is needed

to complete the neutralization or calculate molarity of either the acid

or the base.

What is the test for oxygen gas?

Oxygen gas will reignite a glowing splint.

What is the name of the main lab apparatus in a titration?

Burette

What is the test for Zinc (II) ion?

Dissolve in water + Sodium hydroxide

White precipitate

Finish this sentence: “An acid plus a metal yields…”

Salt + hydrogen gas

What is the name of the reaction that creates an insoluble salt?

Precipitation reaction

What is the test for Sodium ion?

Flame test – Yellow

Finish this sentence: “An acid plus a metal oxide yields…”

Salt + water

What is the test for ammonium ion?

Dissolve in water. Warm the solution and test with damp

red litmus paperRed litmus paper will

turn blue

What is the test for Barium ion?

Flame test – Green/Yellow

What is the test for water?

Water turns cobalt chloride paper from blue to pink.

A sodium hydroxide solution was pipetted into a conical flask and titrated with hydrochloric acid until the solution was neutralized. Write a balance equation for this reaction.

NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) ==>

NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)

25.0 cm3 of a sodium hydroxide solution was pipetted into a conical flask and titrated with 0.200 mol dm-3 (0.2M) hydrochloric acid. Using a suitable indicator it was found that 15.0 cm3 of the acid was required to neutralise the alkali. Given the reaction below find the concentration of the alkali.NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)

0.12 M

What determines whether an acid/base is strong or weak?

A strong acid/base dissociates

completely in water. A weak acid/base

doesn’t completely dissociate in water.

What is the test for Iodide?

Brown Iodide turns blue when starch is added.

What is the test for Calcium ion?

Flame test – Red

What indicator would you use to determine the pH number of a solution?

Universal pH paper

What is the test for copper (II) ion?

Dissolve in water + sodium hydroxide

blue precipitate

Flame test – blue/green flame

Finish this sentence: “An acid plus a metal carbonate yields…”

Salt + carbon dioxide + water

We can use neutralization reactions to produce substances called salts. Give any two uses of salts.

Fertilizers, cement, medicine, glass,

preservative, taste enhancer, etc…

Name the five metals that can be used to prepare soluble salts, when mixed with acid

MAZIT

magnesium aluminum

zincirontin

What is the test for bromide ion?

Dissolve in water. Nitric acid + silver nitrate

Cream precipitate

Look at the solubility curve on page 91 in your notebooks to answer the following question. What mass of KNO3

will dissolve in 100mL of water at 40°C

64 g/100 g water

Look at the solubility curve on page 91 in your notebooks to answer the following question. Which is more soluble at 70°C KCl or HCl?

HCl

Look at the solubility curve on page 91 in your notebooks to answer the following question. At what temperature do NH4Cl and NH3 have the same solubility?

33 degrees C

Look at the solubility curve on page 91 in your notebooks to answer the following question. How many grams of sodium nitrate can I dissolve in 200 grams of water at a temperature of 10˚C?

160 grams

Look at the solubility curve on page 91 in your notebooks to answer the following question. If 50 grams of a saturated solution of NH4Cl is cooled from 70˚C to 30˚C how much salt would crystallise out of the solution?

10 grams

Sulfuric acid solution was titrated with potassium hydroxide until the alkali was neutralized. Write a balanced equation for this reaction.

2KOH(aq) + H2SO4(aq) ==> K2SO4 + 2H2O(l)

20.0 cm3 of 0.0500 mol dm-3 (0.05M) potassium hydroxide solution was titrated with 36.0 cm3 of sulfuric acid. Given the equation below find the concentration of the acid.

2KOH(aq) + H2SO4(aq) ==> K2SO4 + 2H2O(l)

0.014 M

What is the test for aluminum ion?

Dissolve in water + sodium hydroxide

Clear precipitate

What is the test for sulfur dioxide gas?

Turns damp orange potassium dichromate

paper green

What is the test for chlorine gas?

Chlorine gas bleaches damp litmus paper white

Calculate the percentage by mass of water in the salt hydrate Na2CO3∙10H2O

63 %