Post on 02-Jan-2016
transcript
House of History
Museum: This Way
In order to enter, you must know the password.
Good Job.
You may proceed.
Welcome to the House of History
Thank you for choosing to visit the
Civil War Exhibit.
To Exhibit
The Civil War
A House Divided
Let us take a step back in time to a time period in the United States where states
were fighting over one major issue. SLAVERY
Please step through our
magic door. It will take you to the early
1800’s. Enjoy the tour.
While you are waiting for the show to begin. Enjoy this brief
skit.
Got Caveman?
Are you ready to begin?
The tour starts at a time period prior to
1820. During this part of the tour, you will
learn some background
information about slavery.
The South had two major cash crops ( A crop you sell
to make money): Cotton and Tobacco
Southerners believed that the only way to
harvest the cash crops and still make money was
to use slave labor.
Many Years prior to the Civil War, colonists began bringing slaves to the new land to work the fields and other
jobs.
Colonists began bringing slaves to the new land to work
the fields and other jobs.
Slaves were mostly used in the South to work on plantations.
View Cotton Production Handout
The following part of the exhibit will allow you to see slaves up close and personal. We will be
your tour guides. Our names are Casey Dea and Sam Pull
Isn’t that
terrible?
Did you know that the North and the
South had one major difference.
South = Agricultural based economy = The need for slaves
North = Industrial Economy = The need for factory workers
And so it
begins
Year: 1820
Debate: Missouri and Maine want to become states.
Problem: First time slavery has really been discussed in congress.
Solution: Missouri Compromise
What was the Missouri
Compromise?•Missouri entered as a slave state.•Maine entered as a free state.
•The rest of the Louisiana territory would be divided by a line. No slavery would be allowed in the states north of that line.
The Missouri Compromise of 1820
Missouri Compromise Line
Henry Clay – Kentucky- Author of the Missouri
Compromise
Problem
solved?
What do you mean
it’s not solved?
Background: 1850 there were 15 free states and 15 slave states.
Problem: California wants to be a state.
Solution: Compromise of 1850
What was the Compromise of 1850?
•California joins the Union as a free state.•In the rest of the territory from Mexico, people would decide whether or not to allow slavery. This is called popular sovereignty.•Slave trade was banned in Washington D.C.•Congress would pass the Fugitive Slave Law.
The Compromise of 1850
The differences between the
North and the South are
becoming more clear because of
the conflict between free
and slave states.
Did anyone try to stop slavery?
Abolitionists tried to stop
slavery.
What is an abolitionist?
An abolitionist is someone like me who
wants to abolish
slavery. That means to do away with slavery.
During this part of the
tour, you will see some of
the abolitionists
who fought to end slavery.
Harriet Tubman
William Lloyd Garrison
The Liberator was an anti-
slavery newspaper.
•Garrison believed that all slaves should be released immediately.
•1833: Garrison and other abolitionists met in Philadelphia to start the American Antislavery Society
Sarah and Angela Grimke: Their father was a South Carolina
slave owner.
The Grimke sisters shocked listeners with their firsthand
accounts of the evils of slavery.
Frederick Douglass: Escaped
Slave
The Narrative
Life of Frederick Douglass
Douglass gave
lectures about the
evils of slavery. He became one of the first
great African American speakers.
I’m back. My name is Harriet Tubman and I
helped over 300 slaves escape on the Underground
Railroad. My nickname is
Moses.
Harriet Tubman
An American Hero
Here is a video about
the Underground
Railroad.
Underground Railroad
Key Points to know about Abolitionists
•Abolitionists tried to stop slavery.•Some of the main abolitionists were:
•William Lloyd Garrison•Grimke Sisters•Frederick Douglass•Harriet Tubman
You are now about to enter a new exhibit. It will show you the main causes of the Civil War as well as
other events that helped start the war. I hope you enjoy the exhibit.
Are you ready? Let’s go.
Cause Number OneHarriet
Beecher Stowe’s
Uncle Tom’s Cabin (1852)
Stowe’s book told the story of a fictitious slave family. For the first time slave
life was explained in
human terms.Stowe was an
abolitionist.
Die in the Fiel'
This song’s lyrics was put in Uncle Tom’s
Cabin.
Effects of Uncle Tom’s Cabin
•North is shocked by the first hand descriptions of slavery.
•South resents being depicted as cruel slave owners.
1854
Moving on with the tour. The year is
now…
Stephen Douglas
I introduced a bill to
create the Kansas
Nebraska Territories
•Douglas knew that NO Southern congressman would vote to admit free territories. (That would mean
more anti-slavery states).
•He agreed to have the territories decided whether or not there will be slavery or not (Popular sovereignty).
Many northerners were upset with the Kansas Nebraska bill because
it went against the Missouri Compromise.
The bill was passed. It became known as the Kansas-Nebraska
Act. (1854)
Cause Number Two
Kansas-Nebraska Act/
Bleeding Kansas (1856)
Settlers from all over who were for
and against slavery rushed to Kansas to vote. Violence soon
broke out.
Settlers fighting in Kansas over
the issue of slavery.
John Brown
He killed five pro-slavery
people. He was not arrested.
May 1856: Violence
Spreads to Washington
D.C.
Preston Brooks
Charles Sumner
Vs.
Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts gave a speech entitled “The Crime Against Kansas.” He was attacked and beaten on the floor of
the Senate by Congressman Preston Brooks of South Carolina.
Can you believe he did that. It’s shocking I tell
you.
Effects of the Kansas-Nebraska
Act/Bleeding Kansas•More conflict was caused between Northerners and Southerners because they were able to take slavery into their own hands.
•The vote for or against slavery allowed extremists to force their will on innocent voters by using terrorism.
1857
Cause Number ThreeThe Dred Scott Decision.
Dred Scott : A slave who felt that he
should be free
because he lived in
a free state
(Wisconsin) for 4 years.
Scott’s case went all the way to the Supreme Court.
The Decision
2. Slaves are property. (Just like a pair of shoes)
1.Scott could not bring his case to court because he was not a citizen. (No slave is a citizen.)
3. Missouri Compromise is unconstitutional. Congress can’t decide where slavery can and cannot be.
•The North was furious because the U.S. Supreme Court said
slavery was acceptable in America.
•The South was extremely pleased with the decision. Slavery is now
allowed everywhere.
The Effects of the Dred Scott Decision
1858
Election for Illinois State Senator
Douglas Lincoln
Key Points of Election•Stephen Douglas defended the Dred Scott decision. (For decision)
•Abraham Lincoln opposed the Dred Scott decision. (Against decision)
•Stephen Douglas preaches popular sovereignty for the new territories.
•Lincoln gives his famous house divided speech and opposes slavery in the new territories.
A house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this government cannot endure, permanently half slave and
half free. I do not expect the Union to be dissolved. I do not expect the house to fall-but I do expect it will cease to be
divided. It will become all one thing or all the other.
-Abraham Lincoln (June 16, 1858)
And the winner is…..
Key Points to the senatorial election of
1858•Stephen Douglas wins the election.
•Abraham Lincoln loses the election.
•Abraham Lincoln impressed the Republican party so much, they want him to run for President in 1860.
1859
Cause Number Four
John Brown’s Raid
John Brown’s Raid: Harpers Ferry. Give weapons to slaves to revolt
against their masters.
Marines storming the fort where John Brown and his men are
located.
Key Points of John Brown’s Raid
•18 men attacked Harpers Ferry Virginia
•John Brown tried to get weapons to arm slaves for a massive uprising.
•Uprising is a slave owners worst nightmare.
•John Brown was stopped by Robert E. Lee
Brown was unsuccessful. He was hung for his crime.
The south knew now that the
abolitionists would do
anything to stop slavery.
John Brown's Last Prophecy
Charlestown, Va, 2nd, December, 1859
I John Brown am now quite certain that the crimes of this guilty, land: will never be purged away; but with
Blood.
John Brown’s Grave
The Effects of John Brown’s Raid•South was upset because the North turned John Brown into a hero. John Brown even had a song made about him.
1860
Cause Number FiveThe Election of 1860
Abraham Lincoln:
Republican
John BreckinridgeDemocrat:
South
StephenDouglas
Democrat:North
Key Points to the Election of 1860•California 1850, Minnesota 1858, and
Oregon in 1859: Free states which gave the North the majority in the Senate.
•Free Soilers had the advantage in the House of Representatives.
•The South’s last hope was to have a pro-slavery president.
Will it happen?
And the Winner is….
Abe Lincoln
I’m the man! I won even though my name wasn’t on a single ballot in the South. A person in the
South couldn’t vote for me even
if they wanted to.
March 4, 1861: Lincoln’s Inauguration
A split in the vote between Douglas and Breckinridge allowed Lincoln to
win. The South was not happy.
The Effects of the Election of 1860•The North has a president who is
against slavery.
•The South is upset because now they have nothing. (Minority control in Congress as well as in the White House). The South believed that there is now an abolitionist in the White House and strongly believe that slavery will be outlawed.
•The South secedes (breaks away) from the Union.
SecessionSouth Carolina,
Georgia, Florida, Mississippi,
Louisiana, Alabama, and Texas left the
Union.
Jefferson Davis: President of the
Confederate States of America
I will protect all
government property.
April 12, 1861- Fort Sumter is attacked. The Civil War has
begun.
Pvt. Edmund Ruffin:
I fired the first shot at Fort
Sumter.
Song Activity
The sides have been chosen. Now for the conclusion of the tour. As you leave you will see some of the soldiers who fought so bravely in
the American Civil War.
Before you leave, here is a little preview of what you might see
in the Civil War Exhibit.
The tour is over. I hope you enjoyed the exhibit. Please tell
your friends about it.
Come again sometime.