Part Two:Reading, Writing, and Organizing Paragraphs

Chapter 7:Organization: Basic Patterns

PowerPoint by Sarah Gilliam, Instructor of English

Mountain Empire Community College

Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

In Concert:An Integrated Reading and Writing Approach

by Kathleen T. McWhorter

Chapter 7: Organization: Basic Patterns

In this chapter, you will learn how to:

Goal 1

Goal 2

Goal 3

Goal 5

Goal 4

Identify patterns of organization

Read and write using time sequence

Read and write using description

Read and write using example

Think critically about patterns of organization

Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Patterns of organization are ways to organize a paragraph or essay.

Common Patterns of Organization:

1. Chronological order

2. Process

3. Narration

4. Description

5. ExampleCopyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Goal 1: Identify Patterns of Organization

Time sequence is when events are presented in order of their occurrences.

Patterns of Organization that Utilize Time Sequence:

• Chronological Order

• Process

• Narration

Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Goal 2: Read and Write Using Time Sequence

Descriptive writing means using words and phrases that appeal to the senses: sight, touch, taste, sound, and smell.

Features of Descriptive Writing:

1. Overall Impression

2. Sensory Details

3. Descriptive LanguageCopyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Goal 3: Read and Write Using Description

Strategies for Using Description:

1. Use verbs that describe action

2. Use exact names

3. Use adjectives to describe

4. Use words that appeal to the senses

Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Goal 3: Read and Write Using Description

An example is a specific instance or situation that explains a general idea or statement.

Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Goal 4: Read and Write Using Example

General Idea Statements

Our beach vacation was terrible. • It rained almost every day.• I ruined my phone in the hotel

pool.• My husband got food

poisoning at a seafood restaurant.

Strategies for Choosing Good Examples:

1. Choose clear examples

2. Use a sufficient number of examples

3. Use familiar examples the reader will understand

4. Vary your examples

5. Choose typical examples

6. Use vivid, specific examples

7. Make a clear connection between your main point and the example

Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Goal 4: Read and Write Using Example

Why choose a particular pattern of organization?

1. Time Sequence

2. Process

3. Description

4. Example

Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Goal 5: Think Critically About Patterns of Organization

Goal 1: Identify Patterns of Organization

Review Questions

Which of the following is NOT a pattern of organization?

A. Process

B. Listing events in random order

C. Narration

D. Description

Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Goal 1: Identify Patterns of Organization

Review Questions

Which of the following is NOT a pattern of organization?

A. Process

B. Listing events in random order

C. Narration

D. Description

Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Goal 2: Read and Write Using Time Sequence

Review Questions

Which pattern of organization does NOT utilize time sequence?

A. Description

B. Narration

C. Process

D. Chronological Order

Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Goal 2: Read and Write Using Time Sequence

Review Questions

Which pattern of organization does NOT utilize time sequence?

A. Description

B. Narration

C. Process

D. Chronological Order

Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Goal 3: Read and Write Using Description Review Questions

True or False: Descriptive writing appeals to personal emotions.

True or False: Descriptive writing appeals to the five senses.

Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Goal 3: Read and Write Using Description Review Questions

True or False: False: Descriptive writing appeals to personal emotions.

True or False: True: Descriptive writing appeals to the five senses.

Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Goal 4: Read and Write Using Example Review Questions

Which of the following is NOT a strategy for using example?

A. Clearly connecting the main idea and the example

B. Using extreme examples

C. Using a sufficient number of examples

D. Varying the types of examples

Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Goal 4: Read and Write Using Example Review Questions

Which of the following is NOT a strategy for using example?

A. Clearly connecting the main idea and the example

B. Using extreme examples

C. Using a sufficient number of examples

D. Varying the types of examples

Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Goal 5: Think Critically About Patterns of Organization

Review Questions

True or False:Examining the author’s examples to see if he or she shows bias is critical thinking.

True or False:The author can use time sequence to choose which events to include or omit, shaping the reader’s impression.

Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Goal 5: ThinkCritically About Patterns of Organization

Review Questions

True or False:True: Examining the author’s examples to see if he or she shows bias is critical thinking.

True or False:True: The author can use time sequence to choose which events to include or omit, shaping the reader’s impression.

Copyright 2014 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.