LAB TOOLS AND

SCIENTIFIC

INVESTIGATI

ON

E A R T H SC I E

N C E UN I T

1: S

C I EN T I F

I C

I NV E S T I G

A T I ON

Main Lab Tools that you must be familiar with include: beaker, graduated cylinder, test tube, test tube tongs, meter stick, balance/scale, goggles, and Erlenmeyer flask

BEAKERS

• Used for holding, mixing and sometimes measuring chemicals

• Unit used: milliliter (mL)

• Used for measuring the volume of liquids.

• Very precise measurements

• Unit used: mL

GRADUATED CYLINDER

• A finger-like length of glass, open a the top and usually a rounded U-shaped bottom.

• Sometimes used for boiling liquids

TEST TUBE

• Use the test tube tongs to hold the test tube while heating liquids.

TONGS

• A meter long stick or ruler

• Marked off in centimeters

• Used for measuring the length of objects

METER STICK

• An scale used to find or measure the mass in objects

• Unit of measure is grams

TRIPLE BEAM BALANCE

• Always wear goggles when working with liquids—even water.

• Goggles protect eyes from chemicals and solids that may be a result of a lab or someone horse playing.

GOGGLES

• Used for holding, mixing, and heating chemicals

• Hard to tip over

• Unit: mL

ERLENMEYER FLASK

• a safe way to identify an unknown chemical.

• bring the container towards your chin, while gently swirling the liquid around

• wave the fumes slowly towards your nose.

• Breathe normally. • NEVER stick your nose

into a container of an unknown chemical!!! Nose, lung, throat or eye damage could result.

WAFTING

1. What materials are available to conduct experiments?

2. How does _____ act?3. How can I change ______ to affect the

action? (IV)4. How can I measure the response of

__________ to show change. (DV)

4-QUESTION STRATEGY

• A prediction about the outcome of an experiment.

• If/then• If=independe

nt variable• Then=depend

ent variable

HYPOTHESIS

• The one factor scientists change during an experiment.

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

• The factor that changes as a result of the independent variable in an experiment.

• The measurement of the growth of the plant is the dependent variable.

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

CONSTANTS The part of the

experiment that is kept exactly the same during each of the repeated trials of an investigation.

• What was the purpose of the experiment?

• Did the data support your hypothesis?

• Why do you think you got these results?

• What might you change next time?

CONCLUSION