Mahendra Singh Ppt

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• GOVT ENGG COLLEGE AJMER• 2012-2013

Presented To :Respected AJAY DADHICH Sir

Presented By :MAHENDRA SINGH R.NO- 09EI22

A POWER POINT PRESENTATIONON

THE TRAINING DONEAT

TIPL(Toshniwal Industries Pvt.

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TOSHNIWAL INDUSTRIES Pvt. Ltd.

company was set-up at Ajmer (Raj.)

since 1963, is manufacturing Industrial Measurement and Control Instruments

TEMPERATURE MEASURING INSTRUMENTS

Thermocouple(TCs)

Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD)

Thermistors

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THERMOCUPLE

Seebeck effect-

When 2 dissimilar metallic

wires are joined together to

form a closed circuit an emf is

produced when any one of

these junctions are heated.

PRINCIPLE OF T/C

TYPICAL INDUSTRIAL THERMOCOUPLE ASSEMBLY

Type Element TemperatureRange

J Fe/constantan 196 to 760

K NiCr/NiAl(chromel/alumel)

-190 to 1371

T Cu/Constantan -190 to 399

E Chromel/constantan -196 to 999

N Nicrosil/Nisil 0-1280

R Pt(13%Rh)/Pt -18 to 1704

S Pt(10%Rh)/Pt -18 to 1760

T/C WITH TEMP RANGES

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Advantages:

– Self Powered (does not

require a current or voltage

source)

– Rugged

– Inexpensive

– Simple

Disadvantages:

• Extremely Low

– Voltage output (mV)

• Not very stable

• Needs a reference point

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Resistance Temperature Detector- RTD

RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector) is a temperature

sensitive resistor.

It is a positive temperature coefficient device, which means that

the resistance increases with temperature.

The resistive property of the metal is called its resistivity.

The industry standard is the platinum wire RTD (Pt100) whose base resistance is exactly 100.00 ohms at 0.0 °C.

MAHENDRA SINGH

RTD, the basics

• Traditionally made up of

platinum, nickel, iron or

copper wound around an

insulator.

• Temperature range:

From about -200°C

to 650°C.

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Thin Film RTD

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS

• Resistance element : Pt.100,100 ohms at 0 degree C.

• No. of elements : Single or Duplex.

• Insulating resistance : 10 Mohms at 500V DC

between terminal and outer sheet.

• Temperature range : -50 degree C to +500 degree C.

RTD TYPES

• 2-WIRE• 3-WIRE• 4-WIRE

3 TYPES RTD

RTD Wiring Arrangements

Advantages:RTD

– Stable

– Very accurate

– Change in resistance is linear

Disadvantages:

– Expensive

– Current source required

– Small change in resistance

– Self heating

– Less rugged than thermocouples.

Thermistor, a word formed by combining thermal with resistor, is a temperature-sensitive resistor fabricated from semiconducting materials.

The resistance of thermistors decreases proportionally with increases in temperature.

Thermistors

Thermistors, the basics

The thermistors can be in the shape

of a rod, bead or disc. Manufactured from oxides of nickel,

manganese, iron, cobalt, magnesium,

titanium and other metals. Temperature Range about

-50°C to 315°C Generally made up of

semiconductor materials

Advantages:

– Very sensitive (has the largest output change from input temperature)

– Quick response–More accurate than RTD and

Thermocouples

Disadvantages:

– Output is a non-linear function– Limited temperature range from -50°C to 315°C.– Require a current source– Self heating– Fragile(easily damaged)

Graphical comparision of Thermocouple, RTD, Thermistor

PYROMETER

A pyrometer is a non-contacting device that intercepts and measures thermal radiation

OPTICAL PYROMETER

RADIATION PYROMETER

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WORKING OF RADIATION PYROMETER

MAHENDRA SINGH

FEATURES

• Wide temperature range 700 – 2000 º C or 700 – 3500 º C

• Fast response and sensitive measuring system• Light weight & portable• Two measuring ranges in each instrument• Operates on two 1.5V dry cells

Thanks

attention

Any Queries???

Mahendra Singh Ppt

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