ORGAN DONATION

Medical Ethics class project 2011By Megan Lewis, Charity Lloyd, Andrea Lishen, Daniel Lockwood and Ian Marquis

DEFINITION

Organ donation is the process of removal and transplantation of viable organs from donor to recipient. (“What is organ,” 2004)

HISTORY OF ORGAN DONATION

HISTORY OF ORGAN DONATION

1954 1966

CONTINUED HISTORY…

1968 1983

HISTORY . . .

1990 1998

HISTORY . . .

1998 2010

THE ORGAN DONATION PROCESS

HOW ORGAN DONATION WORKS

The List Notification Surgery

THE DONOR

THE IMPORTANCE OF ORGAN DONATION

THE DEMAND

112,541

1:8

18

12,000

MEETING THE DEMAND

Increased Decreased

Tissue Donation Family/next of kin

Before and after a transplant

WHAT TO EXPECT

WHAT TO EXPECT BEFORE A TRANSPLANT

Prior to Surgery you will be informed

The risks

Informed Consent

-

WHAT TO EXPECT BEFORE AND AFTER A TRANSPLANT-After the surgery there will be a period of time of recuperation and recovery that will be needed, how much time that you will need will depend on the surgery that was performed.

-Also most likely your recovery period will be followed by physical therapy so that you can gradually return to full strength and functionality.

WHAT TO EXPECT BEFORE AND AFTER A TRANSPLANT

Life long commitment

Immunosuppressants

Constant Care

LIVE VS. CADAVER DONATION

LIVE VS. CADAVER DONATION

Cadaver Donation Live Donation

LIVE VS. CADAVER DONATION

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTt1UBx_HRI

LIVE DONATION

Preferred method of donation Higher success rate

Limited number of donors Limited number of organs available

CADAVER DONATION

Most common form of donation Provides the most opportunities for

donation

Higher rejection outcomes

LIVE VS. CADAVER Organ Patient

Survival RateGraftSurvival Rate

Kidney (cadaveric)Kidney (live donor)Liver

94.4%97.9%90.1%

89.0%95.1%82.0%

·

COMMON MISCONCEPTIONS

“IF I DECIDE TO DONATE MY ORGANS I WILL NOT RECEIVE THE SAME AMOUNT OF LIFESAVING RESUSCITATION AS SOMEONE WHO IS NOT DONATING.”

“Organ donation is against my religion.”

“I WANT AN OPEN CASKET FUNERAL BUT I WON’T BE ABLE TO IF I DONATE MY ORGANS.”

“I’M TOO OLD TO DONATE.”

“I don’t agree with organ donation because the rich and famous get to the top of the list first.”

“WHAT IF I’M NOT REALLY DEAD WHEN THEY DECLARE ME DEAD?!”

Organ Donation

ETHICAL ISSUES

ETHICAL ISSUES

Common ethical issues in organ donation

Opt- in VS. Opt-out

Legalizing organ sales

ETHICAL ISSUES CONT.

Viewing organs as a national resource?

Who should get organs first?

Other ethical issues

U.S. ORGAN DONATION STATISTICS:

-The number of patients awaiting an organ transplant exceeded 75,000 in 2001; while the available supply of organs was fewer than 25,000.

-Currently more than 100,000 people are awaiting life-saving organ transplants.

-Every 10 minutes another name is added to the national organ transplant waiting list.

-From 1995 to 2005, the number of patients placed on the waiting list for organ transplants grew at an annualized rate of 4 percent per year.

-More than 10 percent of those awaiting transplants die each year due to the shortage of human organs available.

http://donatelife.net/understanding-donation/statistics/

BECOMING A DONOR

ORGAN DONATION CENTERS

OPTN VS. UNOS

Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN)

Organ/ Tissue banks

United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS)

Managing the data

DONATION CENTERS

58 organ procurement organizations in the US

United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS)

DONATION CENTERS IN VERMONT

Center for Donation and Transplant New England Organ Bank