OPEN STAR OPEN STAR CLUSTER M11CLUSTER M11

Rosalina BonillaRosalina Bonilla

Jennifer HsiehJennifer Hsieh

Mary Lou JuanatasMary Lou JuanatasCluster 7: Stars, Sight, and Cluster 7: Stars, Sight, and

Science Science

OUTLINEOUTLINE

Background of Star ClustersBackground of Star Clusters Description of projectDescription of project Messier 11Messier 11 Ideal Gas LawIdeal Gas Law Star FormationStar Formation Stellar EvolutionStellar Evolution Observation & data collection of M11Observation & data collection of M11 Data analysisData analysis Results & conclusionsResults & conclusions

What are open star What are open star clusters?clusters?

Group of stars born Group of stars born at the same timeat the same time

Cluster contains Cluster contains Hot Young starsHot Young stars

Found in the disk of Found in the disk of spiral galaxiesspiral galaxies

Metallicity – how much heavy elements are in the object

Open cluster have lots of metals

MAIN OBJECTIVESMAIN OBJECTIVES

How old is M11? How old is M11? How do we know?How do we know?Why does it matter?Why does it matter?

Fun Facts about M11Fun Facts about M11

Nick Name: The Wild Duck ClusterNick Name: The Wild Duck Cluster One of the richest and most One of the richest and most

compact of open clustercompact of open cluster Discovered in 1681 by Gottfriend Discovered in 1681 by Gottfriend

KirchKirch 3000 stars3000 stars

Ideal Gas LawIdeal Gas Law

P= pressureP= pressure V= volumeV= volume n= number of particlesn= number of particles T= temperatureT= temperature R= gas constantR= gas constant P V= n RTP V= n RT

Star FormationStar Formation Protostar – dust Protostar – dust

and gas collapses and gas collapses under gravityunder gravity

Pressure balances Pressure balances the forces of the forces of gravitygravity

Molecules in the Molecules in the protostar radiate protostar radiate allowing it to shrinkallowing it to shrink

Stellar Structure/EvolutionStellar Structure/Evolution Main sequence – Main sequence –

hydrogen fuses into hydrogen fuses into helium in the corehelium in the core

Red giants swell up, Red giants swell up, causing the outer causing the outer layers to cool which layers to cool which makes them redmakes them red

This happens when This happens when the core runs out of the core runs out of hydrogenhydrogen

OBSERVATIONOBSERVATION

DATA ANALYSISDATA ANALYSIS

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

M11 is 90 million years old with an M11 is 90 million years old with an ± of of 10 million years10 million years

Using the isoplot program we estimated Using the isoplot program we estimated the age of our M11the age of our M11

Open star clusters help us determine Open star clusters help us determine the metallicity of our universethe metallicity of our universe

The metalllicity of the universe is The metalllicity of the universe is important because we’re made of important because we’re made of metalsmetals

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTACKNOWLEDGEMENTSS

AdvisorsAdvisors Jason MelbourneJason Melbourne Nick KonidarisNick Konidaris

Vision ScienceVision Science Gabriel, Gene, Jason P., Jim, Joy, & MaribellGabriel, Gene, Jason P., Jim, Joy, & Maribell

AstronomyAstronomy David, Elinor, Jason, Lynne, Marla, Nick, David, Elinor, Jason, Lynne, Marla, Nick,

Scott Sea., Scott Sev.Scott Sea., Scott Sev. Teacher Fellow / Sci. Comm.Teacher Fellow / Sci. Comm.

Gary / PaschaGary / Pascha

REFERENCESREFERENCES WWW.ANTWRP.GFSC.NASA.GOVWWW.ANTWRP.GFSC.NASA.GOV Http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/astropHttp://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/astrop

ix.htmlix.html (Astronomy Pic. of the Day) (Astronomy Pic. of the Day)

Http://mthamilton.ucolick.org/Http://mthamilton.ucolick.org/ (Lick (Lick observatory)observatory)

www.tcho.la.asu.edu/www.tcho.la.asu.edu/ www.soral.as.arizona.edu/www.soral.as.arizona.edu/ www.ctio.noao.edu/www.ctio.noao.edu/ www.star.le.ac.uk/www.star.le.ac.uk/ www.physics.nwu.edu/www.physics.nwu.edu/

QUESTIONS?????QUESTIONS?????