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The Digestive SystemThe Digestive SystemANDAND

The The IIrritable rritable BBowel owel SSyndrome yndrome ((IBSIBS))

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Constituents of the Digestive SystemConstituents of the Digestive System

The Gastro-Intestinal Tract

(alimentary tract – 10 m long)

The accessory organs of digestion

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Functions

Stomach

Small intestine

Large intestine

Mouth

Esophagus

Ingestion, biting, chewing

Rapid transport of food to the stomach

Food mix, initial digestion, storage reservoir

Enzymatic digestionand nutrients absorption

Water absorption,storage of waste material

GI tract

Constituents of the GITConstituents of the GIT

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The Mouth CavityThe Mouth Cavity ConstituentsConstituents

1. The teeth

2. The hard palate

3. The soft palate

4. The tongue

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The PharynxThe Pharynx SubdivisionsSubdivisions

1. Nasopharynx

2. Oropharynx

3. Laryngopharynx

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The EsophagusThe Esophagus

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The StomachThe Stomach

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The StomachThe Stomach

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The Stomach and Adjacent Structures

Esophagus

Duodenum

Lower esophageal sphincter

Fundus

Body

Pyloric antrum

Stomach

Pyloric sphincter

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The Small IntestineThe Small IntestineAnatomical DivisionsAnatomical Divisions

1. Duodenum (25 cm)

2. Jejunum (2.5 m)

3. Ileum (3.5 m)

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Gastro-intestinal WallGastro-intestinal Wall

Mucosa

Submucosa

Muscularispropria

Serosa

Villifolds

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The Small Intestine

Mucosa

SubmucosaSubmucosal plexus

Connective tissue

Circular muscle

Myenteric plexus

Longitudinal muscle

Villi

Muscularis mucosae

Lymphoid module

Lacteal

Muscularisexterna

Serosa

Crypts of Lieberkühn