02 World Population

8/3/2019 02 World Population

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While modern humans are generally believed to have been around for over 100 000 years, it is

only in the past 10 000 years that total global population is believed to have ever exceeded a few

million people - roughly the population of Madrid, Spain or Nairobi, Kenya (Kremer 1993). After the

end of the Last Glacial Maximum (~10,000 BCE), population growth started to accelerate, doubling

every 600 to 1000 years between 3000 BCE and 1000 AD. By 1800, it was growing fast enough to

double in just one hundred years. Between 1959 and 2000 the Earth's population doubled in just

40 years! By one estimate, the number of new mouths to feed each year peaked in 1989 at around 87

million (roughly the equivalent of Ethiopia's current population). In 2010, the planet was still

adding 1 million people every 4.8 days (US Census Bureau 2011).

Source: http://na.unep.net/geas/newsletter/images/Jun_11/Figure1.png


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(1650) 5

(1820) 10

(1930) 20 (20119) 69 6229

(20114) 2317

: 639.7


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X X =


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Environmental Impact

Source:Miller, G.T., Sustaining the Earth: An Integrated Approach, 7th ed.


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Source: United Nations, Department ofEconomic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2011): World Population Prospects:The 2010 Revision. New York

The world population is expected to keep on rising during the 21st century, although its growth is

projected to experience a marked deceleration during the second half of the century.


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A chart of changes in world population growth rate from 19502010 (red) and predicted changes in world populationgrowth rate from 20102050 (blue). The original was created 6 Dec 2003 by Securigerfrom data provided by the U.S.Census Bureau. (Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_population)


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Asia will remain the most populous major area in the world during the 21st century but Africa will

gain ground as its population more than triples, passing from 1 billion in 2011 to 3.6 billion in 2100.

Source: United Nations, Department ofEconomic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2011): World Population

Prospects: The 2010 Revision. New York


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Source: http://na.unep.net/geas/newsletter/images/Jun_11/Figure4.png


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Distribution ofthe world population by major area, medium variant,

1950, 2010, 2050 and 2100

Source: United Nations, Department ofEconomic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2011): World PopulationProspects: The 2010 Revision. New York


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Source: http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/wpp2006/wpp2006.htm


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Population ofthe 20 most populous countriesin 2010 and 2050 (millions)

2010 2050

Source: United Nations, Department ofEconomic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2011): World Population Prospects:The 2010 Revision. New York


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The population of the world will be older

http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/wpp2006/wpp2006.htm

Globally, the number of persons aged 60 years or over is expected nearly to triple,increasing from 673 million in 2005 to 2 billion by 2050.


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Population by age

groups and sex

(percentage of totalpopulation)

Source:United Nations, Department ofEconomic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2011): World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision.


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16

(%)

0-14 15-64

65

1989 315 103 212 -10 27.5 66.5 6.0

1993 326 111 215 -22 25.1 67.8 7.1

1999 284 126 158 6 21.4 70.1 8.4

2005 206 139 66 15 18.7 71.6 9.7

2006 204 136 69 38 18.1 71.9 10.02007 204 141 63 19 17.6 72.2 10.22008 199 144 55 24 17.0 72.6 10.4

2009 191 144 48 35 16.3 73.0 10.6

7-80-1465Source: http://www.cepd.gov.tw/m1.aspx?sNo=0000455


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17

2

060

2010

2010201020602060(())

250 150 50 50 150 250

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

2010

2060


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Some Sobering Facts

One-fifth of the worlds population live onless than $1/day

1.5 billion lack access to clean water 2.4 billion lack access to sanitary facilities

790 million are malnourished

Environmental degradation is rampant Fertility rates highest in poorest countries


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Millennium Development Goals

Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

Achieve universal primary education

Promote gender equality and empower women

Reduce child mortality

Improve maternal health

Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases

Ensure environmental sustainability

Forge a global partnership for development

Link: http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millennium_Development_Goals


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Source: http://na.unep.net/geas/newsletter/images/Jun_11/Figure6a.png


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Urban Agglomerationsin 2009 (proportion urban ofthe world: 50.1%)

Source: United Nations, Department ofEconomic and Social Affairs, Population Division: World UrbanizationProspects, the 2009 Revision. New York 2010


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Urban Agglomerationsin 2025 (proportion urban ofthe world: 56.6%)

Source: United Nations, Department ofEconomic and Social Affairs, Population Division: World Urbanization Prospects,

the 2009 Revision. New York 2010


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Proportion urban in 1950 ofthe 30 most populous countriesin 2009




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Proportion urban in 2009 ofthe 30 most populous countriesin 2009




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Basic Human Needs

Drinkable Water

Edible Food

Safe Housing Health Care

An Education

A Job


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Urban environmental pollution

Waste water treatment

Air quality smog

Solid waste


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Undesirable Impacts ofUrban Sprawl

Environmental pollution (Water, air, solidwaste, )

Loss of crop land, forest land, andwetlands

Fragmenting fish and wildlife habitats

Increased impervious surfaces means

more flooding soil erosion

a larger ecological footprint


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Videos

7Billion, National Geographichttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sc4HxPxNrZ0

7Billion: Are you typical? National Geographichttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4B2xOvKFFz4

YouTube: National Geographic Channelhttp://www.youtube.com/user/nationalgeographic

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rc5J3kUUqnI&feature=youtu.be&noredirect=1


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References

Wikipedia (world population)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_population

World Population Prospects

http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/index.htm

World Urbanization Prospects

http://esa.un.org/unpd/wup/index.htm

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02 World Population

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