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NMW

KTI Review Meeting:

KTI Review Meeting, December 16, 2005

Anja Bieberle-Hütter, NMW

One-BAT – Battery Replacement Using

Miniaturized Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

NTBINTERSTAATLICHE HOCHSCHULEFÜR TECHNIK BUCHS

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Agenda

9.30 – 9.45 am Welcome and General Introduction

9.45 – 10.00 am Summary of Project Manager

10.00 – 10.30 am WP 1: Fuel Cell Development

10.30 – 11.00 pm WP 2: Gas Processing Unit Development

11.00 – 11.30 pm WP 3: Thermal System Management

11.30 – 12.00 pm WP 5: Project Management, Battery Expert and Industrial Partners

12.00 – 12.15 pm Final Discussion

12.15 – 1.15 pm Lunch

General Introduction

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Motivation for the Project

stationary application

mobile application

Scientific interests:• miniaturization and MEMS processing of

SOFC materials and its periphery

• fundamental aspects of nanocrystalline

thin films

• investigation of electrode kinetics,

reforming and combustion processes

Sulzer Hexis, CH, 2000

micro-SOFC

Technical interests:• miniaturization of SOFC systems

• alternative to and improvement of state-

of-the-art batteries:

• very high energy density

• immediate charging

• long battery life-time

• geographical independence

General Introduction

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Emergence of Micro-Fuel Cells

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

Specific Energy (Wh/kg)

Ene

rgy

Den

sity

(Wh/

l) -SOFC

-DMFC

-PEFC

Li-ion

Ni-MH

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

Specific Energy (Wh/kg)

Ene

rgy

Den

sity

(Wh/

l) -SOFC

-DMFC

-PEFC

Li-ion

Ni-MH

(Source: Manhattan Scientifics & L. Livermore National Laboratories)

General Introduction

predicted performance

state-of-the-art products

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Goal of the “One-Bat” Project

• Development of miniaturized SOFC hybrid power source for small

electronic equipment

• Evaluation of micro-fabrication techniques for SOFC materials

• System operation directly on liquid gas (e.g. butane)

• Integration of significant achievements in fuel cell integration, gas

processing, and heat management at the micro-system scale

Are micro-SOFCs feasible ?

How could a micro-SOFC look like?

General Introduction

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Single System Design

Heat Losses Electric Power

Exhaust Gas

Fuel CellFuel

Reformer

Air

Heat Exchanger

Post- Combustor

AmbientConditions

~550 °CHot Module

Fuele.g. butane

Average power 1.1 W (peak power 5 W)

Overall volume 30 cm3

Vol. energy density 950 Wh/l

Lifetime (speak time) 1000 h

Specific Power 350 mW/cm2

Electrical efficiency 30%

Produced heat (peak) 2.60 Wth

Fuel energy density 11 kWh/kg

Peak gas flow 0.29 g/h

Air to Fuel ratio 3 λ

General Introduction

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Structure of the Project

Project Management

Thermal System

Fuel Cell

Gas Processing

Product Development

Workpackage 1

Workpackage 2

Workpackage 3

Workpackage 4

Workpackage 5

Summary of Project Manager

not part of

1 year project

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NMWProject Management

Thermal System

Fuel Cell

Gas Processing

Co-Workers

Prof. L.J. Gauckler Prof. P. Muralt

Prof. H.-U.Schwarzenbach

Prof. D. Poulikakos

NTBINTERSTAATLICHE HOCHSCHULEFÜR TECHNIK BUCHS

Dr. A. Bernard

Dr. H.-W. Praas

TeEConTechnology Engineering Consulting

Summary of Project Manager

Dr. A. Bieberle-Hütter

CERION,

NMW

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Battery Expert on-boat

–past: business manager Varta, Duracell, Mitsubishi Chemicals, CTO of Ionity

–independent consultant and technology advisor on some areas of energy storage

–representing among others the HPL High Power Lithium, Lausanne (cathode and anode

materials for high performance batteries), other companies in the field of Li-ion

batteries

TeECon

Technology Engineering Consulting

Dr. Hans-Walter Praas

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Project Management

Thermal System

Fuel Cell

Gas Processing

Year 1 Milestones

• performance 200 mW/cm2 @ 550°C• external electrical connections

• butane conversion rate > 90%• post-combustor with gas oxidation

> 98%

• battery expert• industrial partner

Summary of Project Manager

• thermal insulation concept with Tinside 550°C, Toutside 50°C, <10 cm3

• structures for validation critical points• thermal system demonstrator with simulated 2 W heat source

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Main Achievements after 6 Months

Summary of Project Manager

Project Management

Thermal System

Fuel Cell

Gas Processing

first cell with

12 mW/cm2

Thermal insulation concept:

600˚C with 2 W.

It could work!

High butane reforming performance at 600˚C.

We can do it!

Butane conversion: Experiments at LTNT

Milestone @ year 1

TeEConTechnology Engineering Consulting

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Publications

• M.J. Stutz, D. Poulikakos, „Effects of microreactor wall heat conduction on the reforming process of

methane“, Chem. Eng. Sc. 60 (2005) 6983-6997.

• A. Bieberle-Hütter, D. Beckel, U.P. Mücke, J.L.M. Rupp, A. Infortuna, L.J. Gauckler, „Micro-Solid Oxide

Fuel Cells as Battery Replacement”, mstnews, August 2005 (2005) 12-15.

• D. Beckel, A. Dubach, A. R. Studart and L. J. Gauckler, „Spray Pyrolysis of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ Thin

Film Cathodes“, submitted to J. Electroceramics (2005).

• J.L.M. Rupp, A. Infortuna and L. Gauckler, „Self-limited Grain Growth of Nanocrystalline Ceria Ceramics”

submitted to Acta Materialia (2005).

• J.L.M. Rupp and L. Gauckler, „Microstructures and Electrical Conductivity of Nanocrystalline Ceria based

Thin Films”, sumitted to Solid State Ionics (2005).

5 Papers (2 published, 3 submitted):

4 Patents:• L.J. Gauckler, D. Beckel, U.P. Mücke, P. Müller, J.L.M. Rupp, “Verbundelement”, application October 19,

2005 (01682/05)

• L.J. Gauckler, D. Beckel, U.P. Mücke, P. Müller, J.L.M. Rupp, “Dünnfilm und damit hergestelltes

Verbundelement”, application October 19, 2005 (01682/05)

• D. Beckel, L.J. Gauckler, “Poröser keramischer Dünnfilm" application November 21, 2005 (01851/05)

• P. Muralt, S. Rey-Mermet, J.Baborwoski, “Metallic supporting Grid for Thin Film Electrolyte Membrane in

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells”, application November 2005

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General Issues

• 3 Meetings:

– kick-off meeting (April 14, 2005)

– first project meeting (August 11, 2005)

– second project meeting (November 17, 2005)

• 1 Report:

– first controlling report (August 31, 2005)

• web page: http://www.nonmet.mat.ethz.ch/research/onebat, password: ktionebat

– meeting information: agenda, minutes, presentations

– reports

– papers

– list of co-workers, ....

Summary of Project Manager

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Agenda

9.30 – 9.45 am Welcome and General Introduction

9.45 – 10.00 am Summary of Project Manager

10.00 – 10.30 am WP 1: Fuel Cell Development

10.30 – 11.00 pm WP 2: Gas Processing Unit Development

11.00 – 11.30 pm WP 3: Thermal System Management

11.30 – 12.00 pm WP 5: Project Management, Battery Expert and Industrial Partners

12.00 – 12.15 pm Final Discussion

12.15 – 13.15 pm Lunch

15http://www.nonmet.mat.ethz.ch/research/onebat

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Agenda

9.30 – 9.45 am Welcome and General Introduction

9.45 – 10.00 am Summary of Project Manager

10.00 – 10.30 am WP 1: Fuel Cell Development

10.30 – 11.00 pm WP 2: Gas Processing Unit Development

11.00 – 11.30 pm WP 3: Thermal System Management

11.30 – 12.00 pm WP 5: Project Management, Battery Expert and Industrial Partners

12.00 – 12.15 pm Final Discussion

12.15 – 13.15 pm Lunch

16http://www.nonmet.mat.ethz.ch/research/onebat

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Agenda

9.30 – 9.45 am Welcome and General Introduction

9.45 – 10.00 am Summary of Project Manager

10.00 – 10.30 am WP 1: Fuel Cell Development

10.30 – 11.00 pm WP 2: Gas Processing Unit Development

11.00 – 11.30 pm WP 3: Thermal System Management

11.30 – 12.00 pm WP 5: Project Management, Battery Expert and Industrial Partners

12.00 – 12.15 pm Final Discussion

12.15 – 13.15 pm Lunch

17http://www.nonmet.mat.ethz.ch/research/onebat

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Agenda

9.30 – 9.45 am Welcome and General Introduction

9.45 – 10.00 am Summary of Project Manager

10.00 – 10.30 am WP 1: Fuel Cell Development

10.30 – 11.00 pm WP 2: Gas Processing Unit Development

11.00 – 11.30 pm WP 3: Thermal System Management

11.30 – 12.00 pm WP 5: Project Management, Battery Expert and Industrial Partners

12.00 – 12.15 pm Final Discussion

12.15 – 13.15 pm Lunch

18http://www.nonmet.mat.ethz.ch/research/onebat

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Agenda

9.30 – 9.45 am Welcome and General Introduction

9.45 – 10.00 am Summary of Project Manager

10.00 – 10.30 am WP 1: Fuel Cell Development

10.30 – 11.00 pm WP 2: Gas Processing Unit Development

11.00 – 11.30 pm WP 3: Thermal System Management

11.30 – 12.00 pm WP 5: Project Management, Battery Expert and Industrial Partners

12.00 – 12.15 pm Final Discussion

12.15 – 13.15 pm Lunch

19http://www.nonmet.mat.ethz.ch/research/onebat

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TeEConTechnology Engineering Consulting

first cell with 12 mW/cm2

High butane reforming performance at 600˚C.

We can do it!

Butane conversion: Experiments at LTNT

Milestone @ year 1

Strictly Confidential

Thermal insulation concept: 600˚C with 2 W.

It could work!

NMW

NTBINTERSTAATLICHE HOCHSCHULEFÜR TECHNIK BUCHS