209189972 Dashboard Design

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Dashboard Design: some

basics

Emidia Vagnoni


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Concepts and Theory


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Dashboard definition

A dashboard is a visual display of the most important information needed to achieveone or more objectives; consolidated and arranged on a single screen so the

information can be monitored at a glance


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Dashboard types I

Strategic Dashboards Used by executives

Quick overview on the health of the business, including major high-level measures

Few information, simple display mechanisms, static snapshots

Analytical Dashboards Used by analysts

Support interaction with data, e.g. drill-down

Complex data, sophisticated display mechanisms, static snapshots

Operational Dashboards

Used to monitor operations

Support alerting for critical events, interaction with data

Detailed data, simple and clear display mechanisms, real-time data

Source: (Few 2006, p. 40-42)


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Layers of information

Top

Layer

Middle

Layer

Bottom

Layer

Summarized Graphical ViewPurpose: Monitor key performance metrics

Display: Graphical indicators, numbers, text

Technology: Dashboards, scorecard, portals

Multidimensional ViewPurpose: Explore information from multiple dimensions

Display: Interactive charts and tables

Technology: OLAP, interactive reports

Detailed Reporting ViewPurpose: Examine details before taking action

Display: Table or report in separate window

Technology: Operational reports, data warehouse queries

Source: Eckerson (2006), p. 15


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Dashboard types II

Dashboard versus Portal

Portal = Focus on the integration of different contents under one user interface

Dashboard = Focus on the compression of important facts and figures on one

single screen

Dashboard versus Scorecard

A scorecard is a specific dashboard including Key Performance Indicators (KPIs),

usually used on a strategic level


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Evolution of Dashboards

First

Generation

Second

Generation

Third

Generation

Display:

-Advanced Charts

-Gauges & Indicators

-Tables

-Scorecards

-Strategy Maps

Function:

-Advanced monitoring

-Drill down to analyze

-Monitor key metrics

-Monitor tactics

-Monitor strategy

Business Dashboards

AdaptedfromR

asmus

sen/Bansal/Chen(2009),p.5

Display:

Simple Charts

Function:

-Simple monitoring of

some business areas

Display:

-Advanced Charts

-Gauges & Indicators

-Tables

Function:

-Advanced monitoring

-Drill down to analyze

-Monitor key metrics


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SAP Implementation


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New Intelligence Platform of SAP

SAP Crystal Dashboard

Design (formerly Xcelsius) is

the flagship product for

dashboarding and visualization

Rapid development

of dashboards bydrag and drop

Replacing SAP Bex

Web Application

Designer

Connectivity throughXML and webservice

connectors

Source: (SAP AG 2009)

Please check

sdn.sap.com for

latest version

Name is

changed to

SAP Crystal

Dashboard

Design


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Common BI Architecture

Source: Eckerson, W. (May 2006). Business intelligence 2006 only the beginning. What Works: Best Practicesin Business Intelligence and Data Warehousing, 21.

SAP Crystal Dashboard Design


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Information Discovery andDelivery

Crystal ReportsConnect to virtually

any data source,

design and format

interactive reports

Web IntelligenceSelf-service access to

information and intuitive

analysis

SAP Crystal

Dashboard Design(Xcelsius)

Point and click data

visualization tool to

create interactive

analytics and

dashboards


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SAP Crystal DashboardDesign Overview

Building dashboards for different purposes and different hierarchical levels or

functions, including dynamic charts and graphs, data presentations and visual

what-if scenarios

Data presentation is based on Adobe Flash, export to different applicationsincluding PowerPoint, Acrobat 9, Adobe AIR, Adobe Flash, HTML, Business

Objects Platform

Dashboards use static data from Microsoft Excel spreadsheet models or live

corporate data sources linked using various connectors

Available connectors: Query as a Web Service (QaaWS), Web Service

Connections, XML Data Connections, Excel XML Map, Live Office,


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Design time & Run time

XML RDBMS OLAP

Spreadsheet model

Design visualizationData binding

Data connectivityWorkspace

Generate dashboard

(.swf file with internal

data model)

Visualization

Business

Logic

Data Source

Design time Run time

Optional: Dashboard

(.swf file) deployed on

corporate web server

Dashboard is opened on

usersmachine

Optional: Dashboard

connects to data source

to refresh data

Visualization

Web Server

Client

Client


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Visual Components

Chart components provide a range of different chart types like line, pie,bar, area, radar, and tree map chart

Container components group and display other components

Selector components are used to create a visualization with multiple

options to select from

Single value components are used to add user interactivity to

visualizations, these components are linked to a single cell in the

spreadsheet

Map components create visualizations with geographical

representations that can display data by region

Text components are used for placing labels and including text into a

visualization


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Creating Dashboards

Three steps to create a new dashboard:

Create the spreadsheet model

Import existing spreadsheet model or

Create new spreadsheet model with Excel functionality

Build the visualization

Select suitable components from the visualization library

Data binding

Publish the dashboard

Export to PPT, Word, Adobe, SWF, Business Objects


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Example of Spreadsheet

Source: http://www.sap.com/solutions/sapbusinessobjects/sap-crystal-solutions/dashboards-visualization/demos/index.epx


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Import Spreadsheet Model

3. Your business model is now

available in the embedded

spreadsheet

2. Selectexisting Excel

file

1. SelectData -> Import


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Properties and DataBinding

1. Double click on the component to openthe properties panel

2. Edit title of the

component: Use static

values or dynamicvalues from spreadsheet

model

3. Bind data from

spreadsheet model to

the component


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Publish Dashboard

1. Save spreadsheet model andvisualization as *.xlf file

2. Export as e.g. PDF

3. Launch Dashboard


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Topics

Dashboard design

Designing spreadsheet models

Basic components for visualization

Charts components

Single value components

Text components

Alerts

Selector components

Dashboard layout Case study: Global Sales Overview


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Dashboard Design

Dashboard design

What type of dashboard should be designed?

What are the relevant data and KPIs that should be visualized?

What are appropriate elements for visualization?

How should user navigation look like?

How is the dashboard supplied with data?


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Dashboard Design

Dashboard design principles I Reduce the non-data pixels, by eliminating unnecessary non-data pixels and de-

emphasizing the remaining non-data pixels

E.g. eliminate unnecessarythird dimension of depth on charts

E.g. eliminate unnecessary

grid lines in bar graphs

E.g. eliminate variations in color that

dont encode any meaning

Source: (Few 2006, p. 103-110)


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Dashboard design

Dashboard design principles II Enhance data pixels by eliminating unnecessary data pixels and highlighting

most important data pixels

Remove data that is less relevant

Condense data by summaries and exceptions Emphasize important data by visual attributes like color intensity, size, line width

Emphasize important data by its position on the dashboard: top-left and center are

sections with greatest emphasis

Different degrees of visual emphasis. Source: (Few 2006, p. 114)

Emphasized Neither emphasized nor

de-emphasized

Neither emphasized nor

de-emphasized De-emphasized

Emphasized


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Topics

Dashboard design

Designing spreadsheet models

Basic components for visualization

Charts components

Single value components Text components

Alerts

Selector components

Dashboard layout Case study: Global Sales Overview


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Spreadsheet Models

Using Excel functionality

SAP Crystal Dashboard Design supports a variety of Excel functions (about 160)and formulas

Mathematical, statistical functions Text-related functions

Date/Time related functions

Spreadsheet formulas

Complete list of supported Excel functions available in SAP Crystal Dashboard

Design Help But: not all Excel functionality is available in SAP Crystal Dashboard Design


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Single Value Components

Gauges

Gauges as input component represent a

variable that can be modified to affect

other components. By dragging theneedle users can interact with the Gauge

to change the value

Gauges as output components represent a

value that changes and moves the needle

if underlying data changes


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Alerts

Alerts overview

Used to call the attention of the user to a specific item

that has reached a pre-defined limit

Limits are e.g. budgets or benchmarks, plan data, etc.

Alerts can be defined for different components, including

most charts and single-value components and some

selector components

Customization of different alert levels and colors

possible Configuration takes place on the Alerts tab of the

Properties panel


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Alerts

Defining Alerts for a Gauge

Activate Alerts on the Alerts tab in the

Properties panel

Define Alert method:

as percent, if evaluated values are percentages

as value, if evaluated values are integers

Define Alert levels and colors

Select if high/middle/low levels are good


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Dashboard Layout

Themes

Allow a global change of the

appearance of components

Each theme has a number of differentcomponents with a look and feel of

that particular theme

Themes can be combines with

different Color Schemes


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Example of a Dashboard

Source: http://www.sap.com/solutions/sapbusinessobjects/sap-crystal-solutions/dashboards-visualization/demos/index.epx


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Other Dashboard Examples

Standard income statement

Highlights a new way of presenting typicalincome statements

By selecting a region from a map, the viewer can

see its P&L and net income trend over the last six

quarters and compare it with the target values

Daily executive report

Summarizes the daily status of a hospitality

company's key performance indicators across

different locations

Gives the executive an interactive view of the

daily and monthly metrics

Source: http://www.sap.com/solutions/sapbusinessobjects/sme/xcelsius/demos/index.epx


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Source: adapted from Few (2006), p. 124 ff

Medium Description Example

Graphs Visualize quantitative data, e.g.one single key measure or dataseries

Images Useful if images provide additionalinformation

Icons Visualization of alerts or status (e.g.on/off)

Drawingobjects

Arrange and connect differentelements on the dashboards, e.g. tovisualize processes or hierarchicalrelationships between elements

Text Used for labels or to report singlemeasures on the dashboard

1000.00 USD

Organizers Arrange related business information,e.g. as tables or geographically inmaps

Display Media for Dashboards


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IT-enabled business decision makingbased on simple to complex dataanalysis processes

Database development and administration Data mining

Performance Management (B.Scorecards.)

Data queries and report writing

Data analytics and simulations Benchmarking of business performance

Dashboards

Decision support systems

What is Business Intelligence(BI)?


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Database systems and database

integration

Data warehousing, data stores and datamarts

Enterprise resource planning (ERP)systems

Query and report writing technologies

Data mining and analytics tools

Decision support systems Customer relation management software

Product lifecycle and supply chain

management systems

IT Technologies Supporting BI


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Data miningis the process of extracting hidden patterns from data. As more data isgathered, with the amount of data doubling every three years data mining is becoming an

increasingly important tool to transform this data into information. It is commonly used in awide range of profiling practices, such as marketing, surveillance, fraud detection andscientific discovery.

Dashboards: Typically, information is presented to the manager via a graphics display calleda Dashboard. A BIS (Business Intelligence System) Dashboard serves the same function as acars dashboard. Specifically, it reports key organizational performance data and options on anear real time and integrated basis. Dashboard based business intelligence systems doprovide managers with access to powerful analytical systems and tools in a user friendlyenvironment.

Enterprise resource planning(ERP) is a company-wide computer software system used to

manage and coordinate all the resources, information, and functions of a business fromshared data stores. Online analytical processing,or OLAPis an approach to quickly answer multi-dimensional

analytical queries. OLAP is part of the broader category of business intelligence, which alsoencompasses relational reporting and data mining. The typical applications of OLAP are inbusiness reporting for sales, marketing, management reporting, business processmanagement (BPM), budgeting and forecasting, financial reporting and similar areas. Theterm OLAPwas created as a slight modification of the traditional database term OLTP (OnlineTransaction Processing)

Multidimensional/ hyper cubes: A group of data cells arranged by the dimensions of thedata. For example, a spreadsheet exemplifies a two-dimensional array with the data cellsarranged in rows and columns, each being a dimension. A three-dimensional array can bevisualized as a cube with each dimension forming a side of the cube, including any sliceparallel with that side. Higher dimensional arrays have no physical metaphor, but theyorganize the data in the way users think of their enterprise. Typical enterprise dimensions aretime, measures, products, geographical regions, sales channels, etc. Synonyms: Multi-dimensional Structure, Cube, Hypercube

OLAP operations: Slice, Dice, Drill Down/Up, Roll-up, Pivot See this site for all these definitions: http://altaplana.com/olap/glossary.html#SLICE AND

DICE

Definitions
http://altaplana.com/olap/glossary.htmlhttp://altaplana.com/olap/glossary.html

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