1 6.1

UNFCCC – NAI SOFTWARE Sector: Energy

Practical Aspects and Exercises

CGE

Greenhouse Gas Inventory Hands-on Training Workshop

2 6.2

CONTENT

Details on use of the UNFCCC – NAI Software to calculate and report GHG emissions in the Energy sector.

Practical exercises (to be solved by the participants after the presentation).

3 6.3

BACKGROUND

The decision trees in the IPCC good practice guidance are used to choose a good practice method that suits national circumstances.

The UNFCCC-NAI Software contains, basically, the methods of lesser complexity that countries can use to prepare their inventories.

However, in principle, the software can be used to report the estimated emissions independently of the complexity of method used (Tier 2, 3, etc).

4 6.4

Sector: Energy

Sector 1: Energy Source Categories and Subcategories Worksheets CO2 From Fuel Combustion (Reference Approach) 1-1s1 to 1-1s5 and 1-1a (3) CO2 From Fuel Combustion - By source categories (sub-sectors)

1-2S1 to 1-2s16 and 1-2a 1-2 Overview (21) (*)

CO2.Transport (by category of transport and type of fuel) 1-2s5 to 1-2s6 Non-CO2 From Fuel Combustion - By source categories (sub-sectors) and gases 1-3s1 to 1-3s3 (11) SO2 From Fuel Combustion - By source categories (sub-sectors) 1-4s1 to 1-4s5 (5) (**) Emissions From Aircraft - Tier 2. By domestic and international aircraft type 1-5s1 to 1-5s3 (3) (9) Methane Emissions From Coal Mining and Handling 1-6s1 (1) (***) Methane Emissions from Oil and Gas Activities 1-7s1 (IPCC, 1996) or 1-7s2 (GPG,

2000) (2) (****) Ozone Precursors and SO2 from Oil Refining 1-8s1- 1-8s4 (4) (#) Quantity of sheets

Changes in the worksheets with respect to the IPCC Software * The current software provides two copies of sheets 3-4, 9-10, 15-15 to facilitate calculation separately of the emissions from

autogeneration (A) and process heat (B). Several modifications were made in the sheet 1-2 Overview to reduce sources of potential errors and to create an automatic link with sheet 1-3s1 (in the IPCC software it was filled manually).

** The current software provides a copy of sheet 1-4 for each sub-sector so that SO2 emissions can be calculated separately by sub-sectors without inserting new sheets manually.

*** New columns were inserted for taking into account methane that was recovered or flared. **** The current software provides two options (sheet 1-7s1 from IPCC1996 or sheet 1-7s2 from GPG2000). It also contains more

detailed emissions sub-categories. Please only fill either sheet 1-7s1 or sheet 1-7s2.

5 6.5

SECTOR: ENERGYFuel Combustion: CO2 Reference Approach

SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (1)

UNFCC - NAI SOFTWARE

MAIN CATEGORIES

Worksheets

Remarks

CO2 From Fuel Combustion (Reference Approach)

1-1s1 to 1-1s5 and 1-1a (6)

- If fuel supply statistics are available then there are no difficulties in estimating emissions using the Reference Approach and the software. - It is recommended to always include the calculation with the Reference Approach although another more rigorous method is also used. - The Reference Approach provides only aggregate estimates of emissions by fuels (stationary combustion emissions cannot be distinguished from mobile combustion emissions).

6 6.6

SECTOR: ENERGYFuel Combustion: CO2 by Source Categories

SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (2) UNFCC - NAI SOFTWARE

MAIN CATEGORIES

Worksheets

Remarks

CO2 From Fuel Combustion - By source categories (sub-sectors)

1-2S1 to 1-2s16 and 1-2a 1-2 Overview (21)

Tier 1: Sectoral Approach - If estimates for fuel combusted by source category are available then there are no difficulties in obtaining emissions by sector using the software. Alert: Attention should be paid when incorporating in Worksheets 1-2s1 to 1-2s16 other types of fossil fuels (liquid, solid or gas) not included in the listing of the software. These other fuels are compiled in Worksheet 1-2 Overview as are additional fuels.

1. In the current software, three columns (AO to AQ) were inserted and they should be filled manually.

2. If you use columns AG to AK to specify the combustion of other (additional) fuels, then aggregate these other fuels here into solid, liquid and gaseous.

3. These other fuels are linked automatically to the totals in Worksheet 1-2 Overview and to appropriate cells in Worksheet 1-3s1.

7 6.7

SECTOR: ENERGYFuel Combustion: CO2 by Source Categories

SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (3)

UNFCCC - NAI SOFTWARE

MAIN CATEGORIES

Worksheets

Remarks

CO2 From Fuel Combustion - By source categories (sub-sectors)

1-2S1 to 1-2s16 and 1-2a 1-2 Overview (21) (1-2s7-1-2s8) for International Bunkers

Alert: 1. Although the country doesn't consume some of the fuels included

in the software, these should not be substituted by other fuels used in the country and that don't appear in the listing (it could introduce error in Worksheet 1-2, assigning the contributions from these fuels to an erroneous column).

2. The other fossil fuels should be incorporated at the end of the listing in the empty lines or by incorporating new lines if necessary.

3. Remember that for trade fuels it is good practice to obtain the carbon content and net calorific values of the fuels from fuel suppliers and use local values wherever possible.

8 6.8

SECTOR: ENERGYFuel Combustion: CO2 (bottom-up)

SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (3) (cont)

UNFCC - NAI SOFTWARE

MAIN CATEGORIES

Tier 1: Worksheets

Tier 2 Method

Remarks

CO2 From Fuel Combustion - By source categories (sub-sectors)

1-2S1 to 1-2s16 and 1-2a 1-2 Overview (18) (1-2s7-1-2s8) for International Bunkers

- Detailed Combustion Technology-Based Approach (bottom up).

- The software doesn't include the possibility to apply the detailed combustion Technology-Based Approach. Suggestions: If that approach is used in substitution of the Sectoral method, then:

1. Make the calculations outside of the software; 2. Incorporate the results manually in the Sectoral

Table and the Summary Tables of the Inventory, 3. Add a note in the information box of Worksheets

1-2s1-6 clarifying the method used and results obtained. Provide detailed information in the NIR.

9 6.9

SECTOR: ENERGYExercise 1.1: CO2 by Source Categories Tier 1 (I)

Country A: Year: 2000. Worksheet 1-2s12 Residential Sector

Data The National Statistics Office provided the amount and type of

fuel combusted in the Residential Sector during the year 2000. These data are included in the following table.

Fuel Other Kerosene

LPG Heating Oil A

Consumption

(kt)

625 97.2 200

10 6.10

SECTOR: ENERGYExercise 1.1: CO2 by Source Categories Tier 1 (II)

Other Data: Use the following values for the calculation:

Fuel Other Kerosene

LPG Heating Oil A

Conversion factor (TJ/kt)

43.8 47.6 40.9

Carbon EF

(tC/TJ)

19.6 17.2 18.0

11 6.11

SECTOR: ENERGYExercise 1.1: CO2 by Source Categories Tier 1 (III)

Tasks Using the UNFCCC–NAI Software:

1. Calculate CO2 emissions Tier 1 method (Sectoral Approach).2. Verify if consumption and emissions are correctly located in

Worksheet 1-2 Overview. If the location is not correct modify it.3. Verify the emissions report in the Sectoral and Summary Tables.4. Fill the Table 8A (Overview Table) for the self evaluation of quality

and completeness. 5. Print the worksheet used, the Sectoral Summary Table and the

Overview Table (8A).

12 6.12

SECTOR: ENERGYExercise 1.1: CO2 by Source Categories Tier 1 (IV)

Steps 1. Open the software and select in the Energy sector Worksheet 1-2s12

Residential Sector.2. Enter in Column A the amount of each fuel consumed.3. Enter in Column B the conversion factor to convert to terajoules.4. Enter in Column D the Carbon Emission Factor.5. Enter in Column J values for Fraction of Carbon Oxidized.

6. Estimate CO2 emission.7. Go to Worksheet 1.2 and verify the value and location of consumption

and emission estimated.8. Go to the Sectoral and Summary Report Tables and verify the location

and value of reported emission.

13 6.13

Additional fuel

Not included in the list of fuels

CO2 EMISSIONS

14 6.14

CONSUMPTION AND EMISSION

FOR ADDITIONAL

FUELS

FILLED MANUALLY

TOTAL CONSUMPTION

AND CO2 EMISSIONS

CONSUMPTION AND CO2

EMISSIONS FOR THE FUELS

INCLUDED IN THE LIST

15 6.15

SECTORAL REPORT FOR ENERGY

REPORT OF ESTIMATED EMISSION IN THE RESIDENTIAL SECTOR

16 6.16

SECTORAL REPORT FOR ENERGY

REPORT OF TOTAL ESTIMATED EMISSIONS IN THE ENERGY SECTOR AND FUEL COMBUSTION

ACTIVITIES

17 6.17

REPORT OF EMISSION ESTIMATE IN THE SUMMARY REPORT TABLE

SUMMARY REPORT TABLE 7As1

18 6.18

REPORT OF EMISSION ESTIMATE IN THE SHORT SUMMARY REPORT TABLE

SHORT SUMMARY REPORT TABLE

19 6.19

SECTOR: ENERGYFuel Combustion: CO2 Transport Tier 1

SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (4)

UNFCCC - NAI SOFTWARE

MAIN CATEGORIES

Tier 1: Worksheets

Remarks

CO2 From Fuel Combustion

1-2S5 to 1-2s6 - Transport (by category of transport and type of fuel)

Transport. Tier 1: - If activity data are available then there are no difficulties in calculating the emissions with the software. To do this it is necessary to obtain the consumption of fuels by type and by major transport activity, i.e. road, air, rail and ship. - CO2 emissions are best calculated on the basis of the amount and type of fuel combusted and its carbon content. - However, because road transport and aviation account for the majority of mobile-source fuel consumption, greater priority has been given to these. Alert:

The main concern is to avoid double counting of agricultural and off-road vehicles.

Road transport includes use of agricultural vehicles on highways, but excludes other mobile sources reported in 1A4 Other Sectors: Agricultural/Forestry/Fishing (vehicles of traction, domestic inland, coastal and deep sea fishing, etc).

20 6.20

SECTOR: ENERGYFuel Combustion: CO2 Road Transport Tier 1

SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (5) UNFCCC - NAI

SOFTWARE MAIN

CATEGORIES Tier 1:

Worksheets

Tier 2 Methods

Remarks

CO2 From Fuel Combustion

1-2S5 to 1-2s6 Tier 1 (or top-down approach) by fuel type

Tier 2 (bottom-up approach)

Road Transport - Because road transport and aviation account for the majority of mobile-source fuel consumption, greater priority has been given to these. Tier 1: If the amount by type of fuel combusted in road transport is available there are no difficulties in obtaining the emissions using the software, using country-specific or default emissions factors. - It is good practice to calculate CO2 emissions on the basis of fuel consumption statistics using the Tier 1 approach. Alert: The main concern is to avoid double counting of agricultural and off-road vehicles. In Road transport includes the use of agricultural vehicles on highways, but excludes other mobile sources that are reported in 1A4 Other Sectors (traction vehicles, etc).

21 6.21

SECTOR: ENERGYFuel Combustion: CO2 Road Transport Tier 2

SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (6) UNFCCC - NAI

SOFTWARE MAIN

CATEGORIES Tier 1:

Worksheets

Tier 2 Methods

Remarks

CO2 From Fuel Combustion

1-2S5 to 1-2s6

Tier 2 (bottom-up approach)

Road Transport: Tier 2 - It is also good practice to use the Tier 2 approach in parallel with Tier 1. - With the Tier 2 approach it is not possible to calculate the emissions using the software. This approach requires much more information (fuel consumed by vehicle and fuel type, number of vehicles by type, km traveled annually per vehicle, average liters consumed by km traveled, etc). - Emissions are estimated multiplying fuel consumption by an emission factor for the fuel type and vehicle type. Suggestion: If that approach is used in substitution of the Tier 1 method, then: 1) Make the calculations outside of the software; 2) Incorporate the results manually in the Sectoral Table and the Summary Tables of the Inventory, 3) Add a note in the documentation boxes of Tables 1-2s5-1-5s6 clarifying the method used and results obtained. Provide detailed information in the NIR.

22 6.22

SECTOR: ENERGYFuel Combustion: Non-CO2 by Source Categories Tier 1

SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (7) UNFCCC –

NAI SOFTWARE

MAIN CATEGORIES

Tier 1: Worksheets

Tier 2 Methods Remarks

Non-CO2 From Fuel combustion - By source categories (sub-sectors)

1-3s1 to 1-3s3 (11) CH4 N2O NOx CO NMVOC

- Stationary combustion by sub-source categories/ technology type and country specific/regional or IPCC default Tier 2 emission factor.

Tier 1: If activity data are available then there are no difficulties in using the software to obtain the emissions.

23 6.23

SECTOR: ENERGY Fuel Combustion: Non-CO2 Emissions Tier 2

SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (7) (cont) UNFCCC -

NAI SOFTWARE

MAIN CATEGORIES

Tier 1: Worksheets

Tier 2 Methods Remarks

Non-CO2 From Fuel combustion - By source categories (sub-sectors)

1-3s1 to 1-3s3 (11) CH4 N2O NOx CONMVOC

- Stationary combustion by sub-source categories/ technology type and country specific/regional or IPCC default Tier 2 emission factor.

Tier 2: The software doesn't include the possibility to apply the detailed combustion approach by sub-sources, technologies, etc. Suggestion: If that approach is used in substitution of the Sectoral method, then: 1) make the calculations outside of software, 2) incorporate the results manually in the Sectoral Table and the Summary Tables of the Inventory, 3) add notes in the information boxes of Tables 1-3S1-1-13s3 clarifying the method used and results obtained. Provide detailed information in the NIR.

24 6.24

SECTOR: ENERGYExercise 1.2: Non-CO2 by Source Categories Tier 1 (I)

Country A: Year: 2000. Worksheets 1-3 Residential Sector

Tasks

Using the UNFCCC-NAI Software and the data from exercise 1.1:

1. Calculate Non-CO2 emissions using the Tier 1 method (Sectoral Approach).

2. Verify the emissions report in the Sectoral and Summary Tables.

3. Fill Table 8A (Overview Table) for the self evaluation of quality and completeness.

4. Print the worksheet used, the Sectoral Summary Table and the Overview Table (8A)

25 6.25

SECTOR: ENERGYExercise 1.2: Non-CO2 by Source Categories Tier 1 (II)

Steps

1. Begin after the steps given in exercise 1.1

2. Go to Worksheet 1.3s1 and verify if the fuel consumption previously reported in the Residential Sector is already included (it comes from 1-2 Overview).

3. Estimate emission factor (EF) for each fuel per sector.

4. Enter the EF for each fuel and activity in columns B1 to B6 (in this exercise only for the Residential Sector).

5. The software makes the emission calculation (for each fuel, activity and total).

26 6.26

SECTOR: ENERGYExercise 1.2: Non-CO2 by Source Categories Tier 1 (III)

Other Data: Use the following default EF (oil/residential sector) for the calculation:

Gas EF (kg/TJ)

CH4 10

N2O 0.6

NOx 100

CO 20

NMVOC 5

27 6.27

FUEL CONSUMPTION REPORTED FOR THE RESIDENTIAL SECTOR

SHEET 1-3s1

28 6.28DEFAULT CH4 EF FOR OIL CH4 EMISSION

29 6.29

NON CO2 EMISSIONS IN THE RESIDENTIAL SUB SECTOR

TABLE SECTORAL REPORT FOR ENERGY

30 6.30

REPORT OF EMISSION ESTIMATES IN THE

SUMMARY REPORT TABLE

SUMMARY REPORT TABLE 7As1

31 6.31

REPORT OF EMISSION ESTIMATES IN THE SHORT SUMMARY REPORT TABLE

SHORT SUMMARY REPORT TABLE

32 6.32

SECTOR: ENERGY Fuel Combustion - Transport: Non-CO2 Emissions Tier 1

SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (8)

UNFCCC – NAI SOFTWARE

MAIN CATEGORIES

Tier 1: Worksheets

Remarks

Non-CO2 From Fuel combustion - By source categories (sub-sectors)

1-3s1 to 1-3s3 (11) - Transport (by category of transport and fuel)

Transport - If activity data are available then there are no difficulties in obtaining the emissions with the software. - In reality, emissions of these gases depend on the fuel type used, combustion technology, operating conditions, control technology, maintenance and age of the equipment. However, because it is unlikely that many countries will have this detailed data, the Tier 1 method ignores these refinements.

33 6.33

SECTOR: ENERGY Fuel Combustion - Road Transport: Non-CO2 Emissions Tier 2

SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (9) UNFCCC -

NAI SOFTWARE

MAIN CATEGORIES

Tier 1: Worksheets

Tier 2 Methods

Remarks

Non-CO2 From Fuel combustion - By source categories (sectors)

Bottom-up approach

Road Transport. Tier 2: With the Tier 2 approach it is not possible to calculate emissions using the software

1. The application of Tier 2 for these gases is much more complex than for CO2.

2. Tier 2 also requires a high volume of activity data and the development of EFs is more difficult because these pollutants require technology-based EFs rather than aggregate default EFs. It is good practice to calculate an EF for each fuel type, vehicle type and pollution control technology.

3. There is very little information on the appropriate EF for road transport in developing countries where age of fleet, maintenance and patterns of use are different from those in industrialized countries.

4. In general, EFs for a given country may differ from the data provided in the IPCC Guidelines and GPG2000. Care should be taken in applying the Tier 2 method vis-à-vis use of EFs.

34 6.34

SECTOR: ENERGY Fuel Combustion - Road Transport: Non-CO2 Emissions Tier 2

SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (9) UNFCCC -

NAI SOFTWARE

MAIN CATEGORIES

Tier 1: Worksheets

Tier 2 Methods

Remarks

Non-CO2 From Fuel combustion -By source categories (sectors)

Bottom-up Approach

Road Transport. Tier 2: With the approach Tier 2 is not possible calculate the emissions using the software Suggestions: If that approach is used in substitution of the Tier 1 approach, then:

1. Makes the calculations outside of software; 2. Incorporates the results manually in the Sectoral

Table and the Tables of Summary of the Inventory, 3. Add note in the information box of worksheets 1-

2s1-6 clarifying the used method and results obtained. Provide detailed information in the NIR.

35 6.35

SECTOR: ENERGY Fuel Combustion-SO2 Emissions Tier 1

SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (10) UNFCCC - NAI

SOFTWARE MAIN CATEGORIES

Tier 1: Worksheets

Tier 2 Methods Remarks

Non-CO2 From Fuel combustion -By source categories (sub-sectors)

1-4s1 to 1-4s5 SO2 emissions from fuel combustion for source categories. Worksheets for each sector Note: The current software provides a copy of Table 1-4 for each sub-sector so that SO2 emission can be calculated separately by sub-sectors without inserting new sheets manually.

-Stationary combustion by sub source categories/ technology type and country specific/regional or IPCC default Tier 2 EF.

-If activity data are available there are not difficulties to obtain the emissions with the software. Alert: -Attention should be paid to the explanatory note in the worksheet with respect to calculation of the EF for natural gas. Care should be had in the form that it is expressed (or converted from other units) the sulfur content and the caloric value. With the approach Tier 2 is not possible calculate the emissions using the software Suggestions: If that approach is used in substitution of the Tier 1 approach, then:

1. Makes the calculations outside of software; 2. Incorporates the results manually in the

Sectoral Table and the Tables of Summary of the Inventory,

Add note in the information box of worksheets 1-4s1 to 1-4s5 clarifying the used method and results obtained. Provide detailed information in the NIR.

36 6.36

SECTOR: ENERGY Fuel Combustion - Emissions from Aircraft Tier 1/Tier2

SECTOR: ENERGY: FUEL COMBUSTION (11) UNFCCC NAI SOFTWARE

MAIN CATEGORIES

Tier 1: Worksheets

Tier 2 Methods Remarks

Emissions From Aircraft

Tier 1 (fuel based). Aggregate figure of fuel consumption

Based on LTOs and fuel use. Worksheets 1-5s1 to 1-5s3

- The biggest difficulties in this category are linked with the activity data and their separation into domestic and international activities. - If activity data are available then there are no difficulties in obtaining the emissions with the software. - The software provides worksheets for the Tier 2 method.

37 6.37

SECTOR: ENERGY Fugitive Emission - CH4 from Coal Mining and Handling Tier 1

SECTOR: ENERGY: FUGITIVE EMISSIONS (12) UNFCCC -NAI SOFTWARE

MAIN CATEGORIES

Tier 1: Worksheets

Tier 2 Methods Remarks

Methane Emissions From Coal Mining and Handling

1-6s1 (1) EF selected from a global average range

- Country specific EF

- There is no difficulty in using the software to calculate emissions, neither with the Tier 1 nor Tier 2 approach. - In the current version of the software new columns were inserted for taking into account methane recovered or flared.

38 6.38

SECTOR: ENERGYExercise 1.3: CH4 Emissions from Coal Mining and Handling

Tier 1 (I)

Country A: Year: 2000. Worksheet 1-6s1Data The National Statistics Office provided the amount of raw coal produced during

the year. The production is carried out in underground mines located in the same area of the country. The average mining depth is approximately 300 m. CH4 emission came from ventilation systems and degasification systems. Mine specific measurement data are not available.

EF underground mines

(m3 CH4/tonne)

(default values)

CH4 Recovered

and used or flared

(millions m3)

Raw coal production

(tonne)

Mining Post-mining 30 5 000 000

17.5 2.45

39 6.39

SECTOR: ENERGYExercise 1.3: CH4 Emissions from Coal Mining and Handling

Tier 1 (II)

Country A: Year: 2000. Worksheets 1-6s1

Tasks

1. Calculate CH4 emissions using the Tier 1 method.

2. Verify the emissions report in the Sectoral and Summary Tables.

3. Fill Table 8A (Overview Table) for the self evaluation of quality and completeness.

4. Print the worksheet used, the Sectoral Summary Table and the Overview Table (8A)

40 6.40

SECTOR: ENERGYExercise 1.3: CH4 Emissions from Coal Mining and Handling

Tier 1 (III)

Steps

1. Open the software and select in the Energy sectorWorksheet 1-6s1.

2. Enter in column A the amount of coal produced by type of mining activity.

3. Enter in column B the EFs (if you don’t have country-specific values use default values).

4. The software makes the rest of the calculations.

41 6.41

METHANE EMISSIONS

42 6.42

REPORT OF CH4 EMISSIONS IN THE SECTORAL TABLE FOR ENERGY

43 6.43

REPORT OF CH4 EMISSIONS IN THE

SUMMARY TABLE

44 6.44

REPORT OF CH4 EMISSIONS IN THE SHORT SUMMARY TABLE

45 6.45

SECTOR: ENERGY Fugitive Emission- CH4 from Oil and Gas Activities Tier 1

SECTOR: ENERGY: FUGITIVE EMISSIONS (13)

UNFCCC – NAI SOFTWARE

MAIN CATEGORIES

Tier 1: Worksheets

Tier 2 Methods Remarks

Methane Emissions from Oil and Gas Activities

1-7s1 (1) Aggregate production-base EF. - New and better Tier 1 EFs were presented in GPG2000 (from North America). It is necessary to consider regional differences before adopting them).

- Tier 2 Needs detailed infrastructure data, national EF or EF from the general literature (EFs are not provided in the IPCC Guidelines).

Tier 1: The current software provides two options (sheet 1-7s1 from IPCC Guidelines or sheet 1-7s2 from GPG2000). It also contains more detailed emissions sub-categories. Please only fill either sheet 1-7s1 or sheet 1-7s2.

46 6.46

SECTOR: ENERGY Fugitive Emission- CO2 and N2O from Oil and Gas Activities

SECTOR: ENERGY: FUGITIVE EMISSIONS (14)

UNFCCC -NAI SOFTWARE

MAIN CATEGORIES

Tier 1: Worksheets

Tier 2 Methods Remarks

Methane Emissions from Oil and Gas Activities

- The software doesn't have worksheets for these calculations. - Aggregate production-based EF. - New and better Tier 1 EFs were presented in GPG2000 (from North America). It is necessary to consider regional differences before adopting).

- Tier 2 Needs detailed infrastructure data, national EF or EF from the general literature (EFs are not provided in the IPCC Guidelines).

- It is not possible to calculate these emissions using the software Suggestion: 1) Make the calculations outside of the software, 2) incorporate the results manually in the Sectoral and Summary Tables, 3) add note in the information box of Worksheet 1-7S1 clarifying the method used and results obtained. Provide detailed information in the NIR. - The software doesn't include the possibility to apply the Tier 2 approach. Suggestion: If the Tier 2 approach is used in substitution of Tier 1 approach, then: 1) make the calculations outside of the software, 2) incorporate the results manually in the Sectoral and Summary Tables, 3) add note in the information box of Worksheet 1-7S1 clarifying the method used and results obtained. Provide detailed information in the NIR.

47 6.47

SECTOR: ENERGY Fugitive Emission- O3 Precursors and SO2 from Oil Refining

SECTOR: ENERGY: FUGITIVE EMISSIONS (15) UNFCCC - NAI

SOFTWARE MAIN

CATEGORIES Tier 1: Worksheets

Remarks

Ozone Precursors and SO2 from Oil Refining

1-8s1- 1-8s4 (4) If activity data are available then there are no difficulties in obtaining the emissions using the software.

48 6.48

SECTOR: ENERGY

Exercise for self evaluation 1: CO2 Reference Approach Tier 1 (I)

Country A: Year: 2000.

Data The National Statistics Office provided data on the national fuel

consumption included in the energy balance for the year 2000. Using the Reference Approach and the UNFCCC–NAI Software determine:

1. CO2 emissions from liquid fossil fuels.

2. CO2 emissions from solid fossil fuels.

3. CO2 emissions from international bunkers.

4. CO2 emissions from biomass used in energy.

5. Total CO2 emissions for the country.

6. Verify the emissions report in the Sectoral and Summary Tables.

49 6.49

SECTOR: ENERGY Exercise for self evaluation 1: CO2 Reference Approach Tier 1 (II)

COUNTRY A: YEAR 2000. FUEL CONSUMPTION

FUEL

TYPES

PRODUCTION

1000 t

IMPORTS

1000 t

EXPORTS

1000 t

INTERNAT.

BUNKERS

1000 t

STOCK CHANGE

1000 t

CRUDE OIL 3627.9 1479.1 194.2

GASOLINE 41.9 52.1 6.2

JET KEROSENE

310.8 185.3 -3

OTHER KEROSENE

3

GAS/ DIESEL OIL

1051.6 15.4 -90.2

RESIDUAL FUEL OIL

1363.4 24.72 -26

LPG 78.,9

ANTHRACITE 26

SOLID BIOMASS

5000

50 6.50

SECTOR: ENERGY Exercise for self evaluation 1: CO2 Reference Approach Tier 1 (III)

OTHER DATA LINKED TO FUELS CONSUMPTION

FUEL TYPES CONVERSION FACTOR

TJ/1000 tonne

CARBON EMISSION FACTOR

t C/TJ

CRUDE OIL 38.95 20

GASOLINE 44.95 18.9

JET KEROSENE 44.15 19.5

OTHER KEROSENE 43.87 19.6

GAS/DIESEL OIL 43.16 20.2

RESIDUAL FUEL OIL 40.57 21.1

LPG 47.65 17.2

ANTHRACITE 33.01 26.8

SOLID BIOMASS 16.23 29.9

51 6.51

SECTOR: ENERGY Exercise for self evaluation 1: CO2 Reference Approach Tier 1 (IV)

RESULTS

CO2 emissions from liquid fossil fuels 22274.00 Gg

CO2 emissions from solid fossil fuels 82.65 Gg

CO2 emissions from international bunkers 704.64 Gg

CO2 emissions from biomass used in energy 7829.14 Gg

Total CO2 emissions for the country 22356.65 Gg

6.52

Thank you