Adil Data Ppt Final

8/3/2019 Adil Data Ppt Final

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Presented to:

Sir M. Yasir

Presented by:

Adil Razzaq 2010-EE-406

Khubaib Akhlaq 2010-EE-402

Dated:29th Nov, 2011


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Highlights: Introduction to C++

Syntax of C++

Features of C++ language

Milestone in programming Operators and operator overloading

Concept of inheritance

Limitation of C++ language

Introduction to Java Language

Syntax for Java language Comparison b\w C++ & Java

Difference of Syntax

Summary and Conclusion

Introduction to C#

Syntax of C#

Features of C#

Uses of C#

Comparison of C++ and C#

Differences between C# and C++

Why C# Is Better Than C++


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What is C++?C++ is an intermediate language between low level and high

level language.

OR

C++ is a statically typed(when type checking is performed

during compile time as approach to run time), free-form,

general-purpose programming language. It is regarded as anintermediate-level language, as it comprises a combination of

both high-level and low-level language features.


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C++ was designed for the UNIX system environment.

With C++ programmers could improve the quality of

code they produced and reusable code was easier towrite. There are many applications in our daily life

using the applications of this language.


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#include

#include

void main()

{

Clrscr();cout


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1. Convenient language

2. Well-structured language

3. Case sensitivity

4. Machine independence

5. Object oriented6. Standard libraries

7. Speed

8. Operators and operator overloading

9. Structured Types in C++

10. Dynamically Sized Arrays11. Building a linked list in C++

12. Object Orientation

13. Classes in C++

14. Instances, constructors and destructors

15. Inheritance


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First programming milestone

Name hiding with inheritance

Constructors with inheritanceMultiple inheritance

Data abstraction

Second programming milestone

Friend functions

The pointer this

Referencing parent members and global

Statics in classes


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Third programming milestone

Static vs. dynamic binding - virtualVirtual in C++Input of items in C++Output of items in C++

Output to filesReferences to objects

Fourth programming milestone

Templates - classes parameterized with typesFunction templatesException handling in C++Exception handling in C++
http://www.macs.hw.ac.uk/~rjp/Coursewww/CPPwww/graphex.htmlhttp://www.macs.hw.ac.uk/~rjp/Coursewww/CPPwww/graphex.html


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C++ introduces object-oriented programming (OOP) features to C. Itoffers classes, which provide the four features commonly present in

OOP.

Features are:

AbstractionEncapsulation

Inheritance

Polymorphism

Objects are instances of classes created at runtime. One distinguishing

feature of C++ classes compared to classes in other programminglanguages is support for deterministic destructors, which in turn provide

support for the Resource Allocation is Initialization concept.


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Overloading an operator does not change the precedence of calculations

involving the operator, nor does it change the number of operands that the

operator uses (any operand may however be ignored by the operator, though itwill be evaluated prior to execution). Overloaded "&&" and "||" operators lose

their short-circuit evaluation property.

Operators that cannot be OverloadedOperator Symbol

Scope Resolution Operator ::

Conditional Operator ?:


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A programming technique that is used to reuse an existing class to build a new

class is known as inheritance. The new class inherits all the behavior of the

original.

Inheritance in Classes

If a class B inherits from class A then it contains all the characteristics(information structure and behavior) of class A

The parent class is called base class and the child class is called derived class

Besides inherited characteristics, derived class may have its own unique

characteristics

Person

Student

DoctortTeacher


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1. C++ is a lower level language

2. It has large features, hence it has very strict

syntax3. Lake of multithreading facilities

4. C++ is intentionally is a multiparadigm(modular) language


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Java is a high level language.

It is an object oriented language.

Java is general, concurrent, class based language.


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Example

The traditional Hello world program can be written in Java

as:

Class HelloWorldApp {

publicstaticvoid main(String[]args){

System.out.println("Hello World!");

}

}


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C++ Java

Hybrid object oriented language Pure Object-oriented

Full multiple inheritance, including virtual

inheritance.

Single inheritance only from classes, multiple

from interfaces.Multiple Inheritance No multiple Inheritance

It is a portable language It is a simple language

Allows procedural programming, functional

programming, object-oriented programming,

and template meta programming

Strongly encourages an object

oriented programming paradigm.

Allows direct calls to native system libraries.Call through the Java Native Interface and

recently Java Native Access


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C++ Java

Exposes low-level system facilities. Runs in a protected virtual machine.

Pointers, References and pass by value are

supported

Primitive and reference data types always

passed by value.

Explicit memory management. Supports

destructors.

Automatic garbage collection. Doesn't have

the concept of Destructors.

Supports class, structure, and union and can

allocate them on heap or stack.

Supports only class and allocates them on

the heap

Operator overloading for most operators

The meaning of operators is generally

immutable, however the + and += operators

have been overloaded for Strings.


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Java syntax has a context-free grammar which can be

parsed by a simple LALR parser.

C++ allows namespace-level constants, variables, and

functions.

In C++, objects are values, while in Java they are not. In C++ there is character limit while it is not in Java.


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C++ is a high performance and powerful language.

Most of the industry software is written in C/C++

JAVAs cross-platform compatibility and convenient

APIs for networking and multi-threading have won it a

place in the business world.

Java does not support type defs, defines, or

a preprocessor. Without a preprocessor, there are noprovisions for including header files.


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C# is designed to be a platform-independent

language in the tradition of Java. It is an object

oriented language.


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Main has no return type, there are no

semicolons after class names, there are some

strange decisions regarding capitalization such

as the capitalization of Main. Other a few

differences, the syntax is often the same.


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f(a,b,...) function call

ClassClass Declaration

new class_name(...)

Object Creation

Int, long Type name (integers)

class child : parent Inheritance


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Inheritance but C# does not support multiple

inheritances.

C# provides Interface.

It also provides Garbage Collection.

C# also provides direct access to memory through

C++ style pointers.

C# supports a strict Boolean data type bool. There are no global variables or functions.

Checked exceptions are not present in C#.


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C# is an elegant, simple, type-safe, object-oriented

language that allows enterprise programmers to

build a breadth of applications.

C# also gives the capability to build durable system-level components.

It also allows us to interoperate with other

languages, across platforms, with legacy data


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Differences between C# and C++:

In C# there are no global functions. Everythingis a class.

C# does not support use of pointers, onlyreferences.

There are no #includes unless you want to use

unmanaged C++ in the same file as managedC++.


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An Array is a group of consecutive memory

Location with same name and type.

An array must be declared before it is used. A

typical declaration for an array in C++ is:

type name [elements];

For example:

int A[5];


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C# arrays are zero indexed, that is, the array

indexes start at zero.

When declaring an array, the square brackets ([])

must come after the type, not the identifier.

Placing the brackets after the identifier is not legal

syntax in C#.int[] table; // not int table[];


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C++ too complex and unsafe

C++ system-dependent

C++ not Web-ready

C++ does not manage memory

C++ has pointer types


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