AS/NZS 2492:2007 Cross-linked polyethylene (PE-X) pipes...

AS/NZS 2492:2007

Australian/New Zealand Standard™

Cross-linked polyethylene (PE-X) pipes

for pressure applications

AS

/N

ZS

2

49

2:2

00

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AS/NZS 2492:2007

This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard was prepared by Joint Technical

Committee PL-006, Polyolefin Pipe Systems. It was approved on behalf of the

Council of Standards Australia on 8 June 2007 and on behalf of the Council of

Standards New Zealand on 9 March 2007.

This Standard was published on 31 July 2007.

The following are represented on Committee PL-006:

AUSTAP

Certification Interests (Australia)

CSIRO Manufacturing and Infrastructure Technology

Energy Networks Association

Engineers Australia

Master Plumbers, Gasfitters and Drainlayers New Zealand

New Zealand Water and Waste Association

Plastics Industry Pipe Association of Australia

Plastics New Zealand

Water Services Association of Australia

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may have been published since the Standard was purchased.

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visiting the Standards Web Shop at www.standards.com.au or Standards New

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ambiguities. Please address your comments to the Chief Executive of either

Standards Australia or Standards New Zealand at the address shown on the back

cover.

This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 05364.

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AS/NZS 2492:2007

Australian/New Zealand Standard™

Cross-linked polyethylene (PE-X) pipes

for pressure applications

COPYRIGHT

© Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand

All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by

any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written

permission of the publisher.

Jointly published by Standards Australia, GPO Box 476, Sydney, NSW 2001 and Standards

New Zealand, Private Bag 2439, Wellington 6020

ISBN 0 7337 8289 2

Originated as AS 2492—1981.

Second edition 1994.

Jointly revised and designated AS/NZS 2492:2007.

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AS/NZS 2492:2007 2

PREFACE

This Standard was prepared by the Joint Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand

Committee PL-006, Polyolefin Pipe Systems, to supersede, in part, AS 2492—1994, Cross-

linked polyethylene (PE-X) pipe for hot and cold water applications, which is withdrawn.

The objective of this Standard is to provide a standard specification for manufacturers and

purchasers of cross-linked polyethylene pipes to be used in pressure applications.

The objective of this revision is to revise the Australian Standard and issue it as a joint

Australian/New Zealand Standard. This revision extends the product applications to general

pressure, including fuel gas, and includes sizes up to DN 1000.

This Standard is based on the latest ISO documents for gas and water applications and,

where appropriate, the principles of AS/NZS 4130 Polyethylene (PE) pipes for pressure

applications and AS/NZS 4131, Polyethylene (PE) compounds for pressure pipes and

fittings have been followed. One exception is the inclusion of the optional addition of

pigment or carbon black masterbatch during extrusion. Appendix A incorporates increased

BRT frequency related to use of the option.

The overall service (design) coefficient of 1.25, taken from ISO 12162, Thermoplastics

materials for pipes and fittings for pressure applications—Classification and designation—

Overall service (design) coefficient, has been applied to establish the hydrostatic design

stress.

The requirements for resistance to slow crack growth and rapid crack propagation are

intended to facilitate the use of PE-X pipes for fuel gas at pressures up to 16 bar and for

general pressure applications without special granular bedding.

The means for demonstrating compliance with this Standard (Appendix A) have been

included for minimum sampling and testing frequency plans to include batch release tests,

process verification tests and type tests requirements, to simplify and improve product

quality verification.

The terms ‘normative’ and ‘informative’ have been used in this Standard to define the

application of the appendix to which they apply. A ‘normative’ appendix is an integral part

of a Standard, whereas an ‘informative’ appendix is only for information and guidance.

Statements expressed in mandatory terms in notes to tables and figures are deemed to be

requirements of this Standard.

Notes to text contain information and guidance. They are not an integral part of the

Standard.

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3 AS/NZS 2492:2007

CONTENTS

Page

FOREWORD.............................................................................................................................. 4

SECTION 1 SCOPE AND GENERAL

1.1 SCOPE ........................................................................................................................ 5

1.2 MEANS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPLIANCE.................................................. 5

1.3 APPLICATION ........................................................................................................... 5

1.4 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS .................................................................................. 5

1.5 DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................ 5

1.6 MARKING .................................................................................................................. 7

SECTION 2 MATERIALS

2.1 BASE MATERIAL...................................................................................................... 9

2.2 TECHNICAL FILE ..................................................................................................... 9

2.3 PERFORMANCE........................................................................................................ 9

2.4 MATERIAL CLASSIFICATION ................................................................................ 9

2.5 REPROCESSABLE MATERIAL.............................................................................. 11

2.6 SURFACE COATINGS AND STRIPES ................................................................... 12

SECTION 3 PIPES

3.1 FREEDOM FROM DEFECTS .................................................................................. 13

3.2 EFFECT ON FLUID OTHER THAN WATER AND FUEL GAS ............................ 13

3.3 EFFECT ON WATER ............................................................................................... 13

3.4 COLOUR................................................................................................................... 13

3.5 OPACITY.................................................................................................................. 14

3.6 PRESSURE CLASSIFICATION............................................................................... 14

3.7 DIMENSIONS........................................................................................................... 14

3.8 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES................................................................................. 14

3.9 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES........................................................................................ 15

APPENDICES

A MEANS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPLIANCE WITH THIS STANDARD ..... 20

B OPERATING CONDITIONS FOR PE-X 80 PIPES USED FOR CONVEYANCE

OF HOT AND COLD WATER WITHIN BUILDINGS............................................ 25

C REFERENCED DOCUMENTS ................................................................................ 26

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AS/NZS 2492:2007 4

FOREWORD

This Standard describes pipes in terms of dimensional requirements, PE-X material, and

PN rating.

Appendix B tabulates operating parameters for PE-X pipes when used for the conveyance of

hot and cold water within buildings. These parameters are taken from ISO 15875-2, Plastics

piping systems for hot and cold water installations—Crosslinked polyethylene

(PE-X), Part 2: Pipes, along with the pressure test requirements for PE-X 80. Other test

requirements are taken from ISO 14531-1, Plastics pipes and fittings—Crosslinked

polyethylene (PE-X) pipe systems for the conveyance of gaseous fuels—Metric series—

Specifications, Part 1: Pipes.

In this Standard, there is a partial pressure limitation for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).

The aim of this limitation is to prevent the formation of aliphatic hydrocarbon liquids under

normal service conditions and subsequent deleterious effects on the long-term performance

of the pipe. At a partial pressure of 300 kPa absolute, the dewpoint for a typical propane

LPG is below 0°C. The designer of a cross-linked polyethylene reticulation system should

be aware that if service temperatures lower than this are likely to occur or if LPG

containing significant quantities of butane gases are to be reticulated, the partial pressure

limitation must be revised to avoid condensation of hydrocarbon liquids.

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STANDARDS AUSTRALIA/STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND

Australian/New Zealand Standard

Cross-linked polyethylene (PE-X) pipes for pressure applications

S E C T I O N 1 S C O P E A N D G E N E R A L

1.1 SCOPE

This Standard specifies requirements for cross-linked polyethylene pipes for the

conveyance of fluids under pressure. Such fluids include, but are not restricted to, water,

wastewater, slurries, compressed air, and fuel gas. Fuel gas includes natural gas, liquefied

petroleum gas (LPG) in the vapour phase and LPG/air mixtures. The partial pressure of the

LPG is not to exceed 300 kPa absolute.

Pipes intended for the transmission of fuel gas are hereinafter referred to as ‘gas pipes’ and

are not be operated at pressures above 1600 kPa gauge.

1.2 MEANS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPLIANCE

Compliance with this Standard shall be demonstrated in accordance with Appendix A.

1.3 APPLICATION

This Standard does not apply to gas pipes for use with petroleum liquids, including liquid

LPG and liquid pentane, or with manufactured or mixed gas distribution systems, which

may contain more than 1% aromatics by volume, unless resistance to aromatic constituents

has been demonstrated, as required in Clause 2.3.

Pipes that do not contain carbon black in compliance with this Standard are not intended for

extended exposure in direct sunlight.

PE-X pipe is suitable for use at temperatures up to 100°C as described in Appendix B;

however, continuous long-term operation should be between −50°C and +70°C.

The test requirements specified in this Standard may be achieved by alternative test

methods if such methods can be shown to provide equal or greater accuracy than those

specified herein. In all cases of dispute, the methods specified in this Standard shall be

considered the reference test methods.

1.4 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS

The documents referred to in this Standard are listed in Appendix C:

1.5 DEFINITIONS

For the purpose of this Standard, the definitions given in AS/NZS 3500.0 and those below

apply.

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AS/NZS 2492:2007 6

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1.5.1 Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)

A hydrocarbon fluid composed predominantly of any of the following hydrocarbons or

mixtures of all or any of them: propane (C3H

8), propylene (C

3H

6), butane (C

4H

10) or

butylenes (C4H

8) (see Note 1).

NOTES:

1 Unless specifically stated otherwise, any reference to ‘propane’, ‘butane’, or similar means

the commercial grade of that product.

2 The characteristics of the various LP gases, either pure or commercial grades, together with

methods for their determination, are given in the ALPGA publication ‘Liquefied Petroleum

Gas—Specifications and Test Methods’.

1.5.2 Nominal outside diameter (DN)

Numerical designation of size, which is common to all components in a thermoplastics

piping system other than flanges and components designated by thread size.

NOTES:

1 It is a convenient round number for reference purposes.

2 The nominal outside diameter expressed in millimetres is the minimum mean outside diameter

(dem.min

) defined in Clause 1.5.4.

1.5.3 Mean outside diameter (dem

)

Value of the outer circumference of the pipe at any cross-section divided by π, rounded up

to the nearest 0.1 mm.

NOTE: The value for π taken to be 3.142.

1.5.4 Minimum mean outside diameter (dem.min

)

Minimum value of the mean outside diameter of the pipe specified for a given nominal

outside diameter.

1.5.5 Maximum mean outside diameter (dem.max

)

Maximum value of the mean outside diameter of the pipe specified for a given nominal

outside diameter.

1.5.6 Out-of-roundness (ovality)

Difference between the measured maximum outside diameter and the measured minimum

outside diameter in the same cross-sectional plane of the pipe.

1.5.7 Nominal wall thickness (en)

Wall thickness, in millimetres, tabulated in ISO 4065, corresponding to the minimum wall

thickness at any point (ey min

).

1.5.8 Wall thickness at any point (ey)

Measured wall thickness at any point around the circumference of the pipe.

1.5.9 Minimum wall thickness (ey min

)

Minimum permissible value of the wall thickness (ey) at any point around the circumference

of the pipe.

1.5.10 Standard dimension ratio SDR

Ratio of the nominal outside diameter of the pipe to its nominal wall thickness,

SDR = dn/e

n.

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1.5.11 Cross-linked polyethylene (PE-X)

Structures within the polyethylene polymer chains that are interconnected by chemical

bonds to create a three-dimensional polymer network.

NOTE: The properties of the three-dimensional structure ensure that it is not possible to melt or

dissolve the polymer. The extent of cross-linking is related to the mass of insoluble material

remaining following solvent extraction and can be determined by measurement of the gel content.

1.5.12 Base material

Physical blend of non-cross-linked polyethylene(s) and additives formulated to facilitate

conversion to PE-X during the production of pipe to meet the requirements of this Standard.

1.5.13 Lower confidence limit of the predicted hydrostatic strength (σLPL

)

Quantity with the dimension of stress, which represents the 97.5% lower confidence limit of

the predicted hydrostatic strength at a temperature θ and a time t in water.

NOTE: It is denoted as σLPL

=σθ, t, 0.975

.

1.5.14 Long-term hydrostatic strength (σLTHS

)

Quantity, with the dimensions of stress, which represents the predicted mean strength at a

temperature (θ ) and time (t) in water.

1.5.15 Minimum required strength (MRS)

Value of σLPL

at a temperature of 20ºC and a time of 50 years [σ(20°C, 50 years, 0.975)],

rounded down to the nearest lower value of the R10 or R20 series as specified in ISO 3 and

ISO 497, depending on the value of σLPL

.

1.5.16 Nominal pressure (PN)

A numerical designation used for reference purposes, related to the mechanical

characteristics of the component of a piping system. For plastics piping systems conveying

water it corresponds to the maximum continuous operating pressure in bar, which can be

sustained with water at 20°C, based on the minimum design coefficient.

1.5.17 Overall service (design) coefficient (C)

Overall coefficient, with a value greater than 1, that takes into consideration service

conditions as well as properties of the components of a piping system other than those

represented in σLPL

.

NOTE: ISO 12162 specifies a minimum permissible service (design) coefficient of 1.25 for PE-X

pipes.

1.6 MARKING

Marking details shall be legibly printed or formed directly on the pipe. Marking of pipes

shall not initiate cracks or other types of failure and, with normal storage, weathering and

processing, and the permissible method of installation and use, legibility shall be

maintained for the life of the pipes.

Letters shall be of a minimum height of 3 mm for pipes up to and including nominal outside

diameter 32 mm, and 5 mm for larger sizes.

Marking shall be repeated at intervals such that the distance between markings is not

greater than 1 m. Marking shall show the following:

(a) Manufacturer’s name or registered trademark.

(b) For gas pipes, nominal diameter and SDR, in the form ‘DN 25 SDR 9 GAS’, as

appropriate.

(c) For pipes other than gas pipes, nominal diameter, classification and SDR, in the form

‘DN 25 PN 16 SDR 9’.

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(d) PE-X material classification number in the form ‘PE-X* 100’, as appropriate, where

‘*’ represents material cross-linked by—

(i) peroxide—PE-Xa

(ii) silane—PE-Xb

(iii) electron beam—PE-Xc

(e) Date of manufacture in the form ‘070515’, i.e., the 15th of May, 2007, as appropriate.

(f) Identification of the place of manufacture.

(g) The number of this Standard, i.e., AS/NZS 2492.

NOTES:

1 The manufacturer’s code is acceptable, e.g., F1.

2 For specific applications additional marking may be required as specified in the relevant

installation code.

3 Manufacturers making a statement of compliance with this Australian/New Zealand Standard

on a product, packaging, or promotional material related to that product are advised to ensure

that such compliance is capable of being verified.

Examples of mandatory marking:

TRADE MARK DN 25 PN 16 SDR 9 PE-Xa 100 040515 F1 AS/NZS 2492.

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S E C T I O N 2 M A T E R I A L S

2.1 BASE MATERIAL

2.1.1 General

Base material used in the manufacture of pipes, which meets the performance requirements

described in Clause 2.3, shall be cross-linked by the peroxide (PE-Xa), silane (PE-Xb) or

electron beam (PE-Xc) cross-linking process or, subject to consultation with the pipeline

operator, by another process.

The base material shall be fully compounded prior to extrusion, with the exception of–

(a) those additions necessary for the acceleration of cross-linking;

(b) the optional addition of pigment or carbon black masterbatch; and

(c) PE-Xa, where all materials are blended in powder form prior to extrusion.

The addition of pigment or carbon black masterbatch during extrusion shall not be an option

for cross-linkable pipes, i.e., those that achieve the degree of cross-linking during or after

installation.

2.1.2 Carbon black

When determined in accordance with ISO 6964, black polyethylene compounds shall

contain 2.25 ± 0.25% by mass of carbon black.

When determined in accordance with ASTM D3849 or equivalent, the average particle size

of carbon black shall be in the range of 10 to 25 nm.

When determined in accordance with AS/NZS 1462.27, the toluene extract of carbon black

shall be not greater than 0.1%.

NOTE: Type P carbon blacks are known to be capable of meeting this requirement.

2.2 TECHNICAL FILE

The manufacturer of the pipe shall maintain the availability of a technical file (generally

confidential) with all relevant material data to prove the conformity of pipes to this

Standard. It shall include all the results of type testing. Any change in the materials used,

which is likely to affect the product quality and performance, shall require a reassessment

of material performance against the requirements of this Standard.

2.3 PERFORMANCE

PE-X shall conform to the performance requirements given in Tables 1 and 2 when tested in

the form of pipe. Conformity shall be demonstrated by the pipe manufacturer and shall

relate to one source of base material and associated pipe manufacturing method.

2.4 MATERIAL CLASSIFICATION

2.4.1 General

Classification testing and evaluation shall be undertaken in accordance with ISO 1167 (or

AS 1462.6), ISO 12162, and ISO 9080 (or AS/NZS 1462.29), plus specific additional

requirements for PE-X 80 detailed in Clause 2.4.3.

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2.4.2 Predictive relationship

The test data generated (pipe stress applied and failure time), covering the temperature

range 20°C to 100°C, shall be used to derive the following predictive relationship between

the long-term hydrostatic strength (σLTHS

), failure time and temperature:

logt = A + BlogσLTHS

/θ + C/θ + DlogσLTHS

. . . E(1)

where

θ = temperature, in Kelvin

t = time, in hours

σL = long-term hydrostatic strength, in megapascals

A, B, C, and D are coefficients determined from experimental data.

The relationships between time, stress and temperature thus derived shall be used to obtain

the value of one unknown when the other two variables are known.

2.4.3 Additional requirements for PE-X 80

For PE-X 80 pipes, the values of A, B, C, and D obtained from testing and evaluation in

accordance with ISO 9080 or AS/NZS 1462.29 shall be −105.8618, −18506.15, 57895.49,

and −24.7997 respectively, or other values that yield higher stress.

NOTE: Appendix B provides specific examples of operating conditions for PE-X 80 pipes.

2.4.4 Provisional qualification

Prior to establishment of classification, provisional qualification as PE-X 80 may be

afforded to products that meet the 1000 h, 95°C hydrostatic strength requirements for

PE-X 100 (see Note). Similarly, provisional qualification may be afforded to PE-X 100

products that meet the 1000 h, 95°C hydrostatic strength requirements for PE-X 125.

However, provisional qualification shall not be afforded to PE-X 125 products.

NOTE: Mechanical properties of pipes are specified in Table 3.3.

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TABLE 2.1

PROPERTIES OF PE-X (TESTED IN THE FORM OF EXTRUDED PIPE)

Characteristic Units Requirements Test parameters Test method

Slow crack growth

(see Note 1)

h

No failure when

tested to 5000 h

Temperature: 80°C

Pressure:

–PE-X 80: 8.0 bar

–PE-X 100: 9.2 bar

–PE-X 125: 10.8 bar

ISO 13479

Pipe test piece

–DN 110 or 125,

SDR 11

RCP arrest temperature

(gas pipes only)

(see Notes 2 and 3)

°C

≤ −50°C

(see Note 4)

Stress:

–PE-X 80: 6.4 MPa

–PE-X 100: 8.0 MPa

–PE-X125: 10.0 MPa

ISO 13477

Pipe test piece

–DN ≥90

Long-term stability

(see Note 5)

h

No failure when

tested to 8760 h

Temperature: 110°C

Stress: 2.5 MPa

ISO 1167 or

AS 1462.6

Type A end caps

Water-in-air

Pipe test piece

–DN 32, SDR 11

Degree of cross-linking

(see Note 6)

%

PE-Xa ≥ 70%

PE-Xb ≥ 65%

PE-Xc ≥ 60%

at any point through

the wall thickness

—

ISO 10147

Pipe test pieces

–DN = 32, SDR 11

–DN 110 or 125,

SDR 11

NOTES:

1 For materials intended for pipes with ey min.

>6 mm.

2 All materials to be evaluated with extruded pipe test pieces having diameter and wall thickness conforming

to Table 3.1 (see also Note 2 to Table 2.6).

3 RCP evaluation of materials intended for pipes of DN <90 is unnecessary.

4 Alternative temperature limits of −20°C or −35°C may be used to qualify material for minimum operating

temperatures higher than −50°C.

5 Not required prior to provisional acceptance in accordance with Clause 2.4.

6 Not required at the point of production for cross-linkable materials, i.e., those, that achieve the degree of

cross-linking during or after installation.

TABLE 2.2

CLASSIFICATION OF PE-X

Designation σLPL

(20°C, 50 years, 97.5%)

MPa

MRS

MPa

PE-X 80

PE-X 100

PE-X 125

8.00 ≤ σLPL

≤ 9.99

10.00 ≤ σLPL

≤ 12.49

12.50 ≤ σLPL

≤ 13.99

8.0

10.0

12.5

2.5 REPROCESSABLE MATERIAL

PE-X shall not be reprocessed and used in the manufacture of pipes intended to conform to

this Standard.

Non-cross-linked base material pipes, produced in the course of manufacturing PE-Xc pipes

to meet the requirements of Section 3, may be reprocessed if derived from the same non-

cross-linked material grade used in the production of PE-Xc pipes by the same

manufacturing process. Products containing reprocessed material shall conform to the

requirements of Section 2.

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2.6 STRIPES AND JACKETS

2.6.1 General

Materials used for external jackets or stripes, e.g., for colour-coded end use identification

systems, shall comply with Clause 2.1.

2.6.2 Cohesive resistance

Jacketed and striped pipe of any diameter shall be tested in accordance with ISO 13954.

Decohesion between jacket or stripe and parent pipe shall not occur over more than 30% of

the socket fusion zone as defined in AS/NZS 4129.

NOTE: It is recognized that ISO 13954 relates to diameters 90 and above; however, for the

purpose of this Standard, it is also to be applied for smaller diameters.

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S E C T I O N 3 P I P E S

3.1 FREEDOM FROM DEFECTS

3.1.1 General

Defects shall not affect the performance or function of the pipe in service. Pipes shall not

have any blisters, voids, burnt particles or heat marks. When grooves, wrinkles, rippling,

dents or projections are present, the pipe shall comply with the dimensional requirements of

Table 3.1. Where defects are present and the product is submitted for acceptance, the

manufacturer shall be able to demonstrate its conformance to this Standard.

The defects described above cannot be completely quantified. Where the presence, size or

frequency of any of these are considered to be of concern, arrangements should be made

between the purchaser/approving authority/certifying body (as appropriate), and the

manufacturer. This may be achieved by the provision of acceptable type samples or

methods of test.

3.1.2 Pipe ends

Pipe ends shall not have any chips, burrs or rough edges and shall be nominally square.

3.1.3 Cleanliness

Pipes shall be internally clean and free from swarf and other manufacturing debris.

3.2 EFFECT ON FLUID OTHER THAN WATER AND FUEL GAS

Where fluids other than water and fuel gas are to be conveyed, the effect on the fluid shall

be established by reference to the pipe manufacturer.

3.3 EFFECT ON WATER

This Clause is not applicable to pipes intended for conveyance of fuel gas.

Blue and purple pipes shall comply with AS/NZS 4020 with a scaling factor of 1.

3.4 COLOUR

3.4.1 General

Yellow, purple and blue pipes, stripes and jackets shall meet the colour requirements of

Clauses 3.4.2 to 3.4.4, respectively.

NOTE: Information on the RAL colour range may be obtained from RAL Deutsches Institut für

Gütesicherung und Kennzeichnung e.V., www.ral.de.

Colour requirements for products of other colours shall be as agreed between the purchaser

and the manufacturer.

3.4.2 Yellow (gas)

The colour of yellow stripes or jackets shall be as follows:

(a) PE-X 80, no darker than RAL 1018.

(b) PE-X 100 and PE-X 125, no lighter than RAL 1033.

3.4.3 Blue (drinking water)

The colour of blue stripes or jackets shall be as follows:

(a) PE-X 80, no darker than RAL 5012.

(b) PE-X 100 and PE-X 125, no lighter than RAL 5005.

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3.4.4 Purple (recycled water)

The colour of purple pipes, stripes and jackets shall be purple neither lighter than

RAL 310 70 15, nor darker than RAL 330 40 40 or RAL 310 50 30.

3.5 NUMBER AND COVERAGE OF STRIPES (IF ANY)

Striped pipes shall have a minimum number of four stripes.

For pipes DN <280, not less than 15% of the external pipe surface shall be covered by the

striping material.

For pipes DN ≥280 and DN <630, the percentage coverage shall be not less than 10% of the

external pipe surface.

For pipes DN ≥630, the coverage shall be not less than 8% of the external pipe surface.

3.6 OPACITY

Pipes for drinking water based applications shall not transmit more than 0.2% of visible

light when tested in accordance with ISO 7686.

3.7 PRESSURE CLASSIFICATION

Pipes for applications other than gas are classified in terms of the nominal pressure rating

(PN) at material service temperature of 20°C, as follows:

PN 8 Nominal working pressure of 0.80 MPa


PN 12.5 Nominal working pressure of 1.25 MPa




Pipes for gas applications are classified according to SDR.

Standard dimension ratios for pipes made from PE-X 80, PE-X 100, and PE-X 125

compounds are given in Table 3.2.

3.8 DIMENSIONS

3.8.1 Diameter and wall thickness

The thickness at any point shall not fall below the minimum specified in Table 3, as

appropriate to the DN and SDR, and the average thickness shall not exceed the maximum

specified. When measured at a distance not less than 5% of DN from the cut end of the

pipe, in accordance with AS/NZS 1462.1, the mean outside diameter (Dm

) shall comply

with the requirements of Tables 3.1(A), 3.1(B) and 3.1(C).

3.8.2 Coiled pipe

The internal diameter for a coil of pipe shall be such that kinking is prevented.

3.8.3 Out of roundness

Ovality requirements shall apply at the time of manufacture and before coiling.

3.9 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

Pipes shall conform to the mechanical performance requirements given in Table 3.3.

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3.10 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

When tested in accordance with the methods given in Table 3.4 using the parameters

specified, pipes shall conform to the requirements in Table 3.4.

TABLE 3.1(A)

DIMENSIONS OF PIPES—SDR 17 AND SDR 13.6

millimetres

SDR 17 SDR 13.6

Mean outside

diameter

(dem

)

Wall thickness

(T)

Mean inside

diameter

(DI)

Wall thickness

(T)

Mean inside

diameter

(DI)

Nominal

outside

diameter

(DN)

Min. Max.

Maximum

out-of-

roundness

Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max.

16

20

25

16.0

20.0

25.0

16.3

20.3

25.3

1.2

1.2

1.2

—

—

1.6

—

—

1.9

—

—

21.2

—

—

22.1

—

1.6

1.9

—

1.9

2.2

—

16.2

20.6

—

17.1

21.5

32

40

50

32.0

40.0

50.0

32.3

40.4

50.5

1.3

1.4

1.4

1.9

2.2

3.0

2.2

2.8

3.4

27.6

34.4

43.2

28.5

35.6

44.5

2.4

3.0

3.7

2.8

3.4

4.2

26.4

33.2

41.6

27.5

34.4

43.1

63

75

90

63.0

75.0

90.0

63.6

75.7

90.9

1.5

1.6

1.8

3.8

4.5

5.4

4.3

5.1

6.1

54.4

64.8

77.8

56.0

66.7

80.1

4.7

5.5

6.6

5.3

6.2

7.4

52.4

62.6

75.2

54.2

64.7

77.7

110

125

140

110.0

125.0

140.0

111.0

126.2

141.3

2.2

2.5

2.8

6.6

7.4

8.3

7.4

8.3

9.3

95.2

108.4

121.4

97.8

111.4

124.7

8.1

9.2

10.3

9.1

10.3

11.5

91.8

104.4

117.0

94.8

107.8

120.7

160

180

200

160.0

180.0

200.0

161.5

181.7

201.8

3.2

3.6

4.0

9.5

10.7

11.9

10.6

11.9

13.2

138.8

156.2

173.6

142.5

160.3

178.0

11.8

13.3

14.7

13.1

14.8

16.3

133.8

150.4

167.4

137.9

155.1

172.4

225

250

280

225.0

250.0

280.0

227.1

252.3

282.6

4.5

5.0

9.8

13.4

14.8

16.6

14.9

16.4

18.4

195.2

217.2

243.2

200.3

222.7

249.4

16.6

18.4

20.6

18.4

20.4

22.8

188.2

209.2

234.4

193.9

215.5

241.4

315

355

400

315.0

355.0

400.0

317.9

358.2

403.6

11.1

12.5

14.0

18.7

21.1

23.7

20.7

23.4

26.2

273.6

306.2

347.6

280.5

316.0

356.2

23.2

26.1

29.4

25.7

28.9

32.5

263.6

297.2

335.0

271.5

306.0

344.8

450

500

560

450.0

500.0

560.0

454.1

504.5

565.0

15.6

17.5

19.6

26.7

29.6

33.2

29.5

32.7

36.7

391.0

434.6

486.6

400.7

445.3

498.7

33.1

36.8

41.2

36.6

40.6

45.5

376.8

418.8

469.0

387.9

430.9

482.7

630

710

800

630.0

710.0

800.0

635.7

716.4

807.2

22.1

24.9

28.0

37.3

42.1

47.4

41.2

46.5

52.3

547.6

617.0

695.4

561.1

632.2

712.4

46.3

52.2

58.8

51.1

57.6

64.8

527.8

594.8

670.4

543.1

612.0

689.6

900

1000

900.0

1000.0

908.1

1009.0

31.5

35.0

53.5

59.3

59.0

65.4

782.2

869.2

801.1

890.4

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

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TABLE 3.1(B)

DIMENSIONS OF PIPES—SDR 11 AND SDR 9

millimetres

SDR 11 SDR 9

Mean outside

diameter

(dem

)

Wall thickness

(T)

Mean inside

diameter

(DI)

Wall thickness

(T)

Mean inside

diameter

(DI)

Nominal

outside

diameter

(DN)

Min. Max.

Maximum

out-of-

roundness

Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max.

16

20

25

16.0

20.0

25.0

16.3

20.3

25.3

1.2

1.2

1.2

—

1.9

2.3

—

2.2

2.7

—

15.6

19.6

—

16.5

20.7

2.0

2.3

2.8

2.3

2.7

3.2

11.4

14.6

18.6

12.3

15.7

19.7

32

40

50

32.0

40.0

50.0

32.3

40.4

50.5

1.3

1.4

1.4

2.9

3.7

4.6

3.3

4.2

5.2

25.4

31.6

39.6

26.5

33.0

41.2

3.6

4.5

5.6

4.1

5.1

6.3

23.8

29.8

37.4

25.1

31.4

39.3

63

75

90

63.0

75.0

90.0

63.6

75.7

90.9

1.5

1.6

1.8

5.8

6.8

8.2

6.5

7.6

9.2

50.0

59.8

71.6

52.0

62.1

74.5

7.1

8.4

10.1

8.0

9.4

11.3

47.0

56.2

67.4

49.4

58.9

70.7

110

125

140

110.0

125.0

140.0

111.0

126.2

141.3

2.2

2.5

2.8

10.0

11.4

12.7

11.1

12.7

14.1

87.8

99.6

111.8

91.0

103.4

115.9

12.3

14.0

15.7

13.7

15.5

17.4

82.6

94.0

105.2

86.4

98.2

109.9

160

180

200

160.0

180.0

200.0

161.5

181.7

201.8

3.2

3.6

4.0

14.6

16.4

18.2

16.2

18.2

20.2

127.6

143.6

159.6

132.3

148.9

165.4

17.9

20.1

22.4

19.8

22.3

24.8

120.4

135.4

150.4

125.7

141.5

157.0

225

250

280

225.0

250.0

280.0

227.1

252.3

282.6

4.5

5.0

9.8

20.5

22.7

25.4

22.7

25.1

28.1

179.6

199.8

223.8

186.1

206.9

231.8

25.1

27.9

31.3

27.8

30.8

34.6

169.4

188.4

210.8

176.9

196.5

220.0

315

355

400

315.0

355.0

400.0

317.9

358.2

403.6

11.1

12.5

14.0

28.6

32.2

36.3

31.6

35.6

40.1

251.8

283.8

319.8

260.7

293.8

331.0

35.2

39.6

44.7

38.9

43.7

49.3

237.2

267.6

301.4

247.5

279.0

314.2

450

500

560

450.0

500.0

560.0

454.1

504.5

565.0

15.6

17.5

19.6

40.9

45.4

50.8

45.1

50.1

56.0

359.8

399.8

448.0

372.3

413.7

463.5

50.2

—

—

55.4

—

—

339.2

—

—

353.7

—

—

630

710

800

630.0

710.0

800.0

635.7

716.4

807.2

22.1

24.9

28.0

57.2

—

—

63.1

—

—

503.8

—

—

521.3

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

900

1000

900.0

1000.0

908.1

1009.0

31.5

35.0

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

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TABLE 3.1(C)

DIMENSIONS OF PIPES—SDR 7.4

millimetres

SDR 7.4 Mean outside

diameter

(dem

)

Wall thickness

(T)

Mean inside

diameter

(DI)

Nominal

outside

diameter

(DN)

Min. Max.

Maximum

out-of-

roundness

Min. Max. Min. Max.

16

20

25

16.0

20.0

25.0

16.3

20.3

25.3

1.2

1.2

1.2

2.2

2.8

3.5

2.6

3.2

4.0

10.8

13.6

17.0

11.9

14.7

18.3

32

40

50

32.0

40.0

50.0

32.3

40.4

50.5

1.3

1.4

1.4

4.4

5.5

6.9

5.0

6.2

7.7

22.0

27.6

34.6

23.5

29.4

36.7

63

75

90

63.0

75.0

90.0

63.6

75.7

90.9

1.5

1.6

1.8

8.6

10.3

12.3

9.6

11.5

13.7

43.8

52.0

62.6

46.4

55.1

66.3

110

125

140

110.0

125.0

140.0

111.0

126.2

141.3

2.2

2.5

2.8

15.1

17.1

19.2

16.8

19.0

21.3

76.4

87.0

97.4

80.8

92.0

102.9

160

180

200

160.0

180.0

200.0

161.5

181.7

201.8

3.2

3.6

4.0

21.9

24.6

27.3

24.2

27.2

30.2

111.6

125.6

139.6

117.7

132.5

147.2

225

250

280

225.0

250.0

280.0

227.1

252.3

282.6

4.5

5.0

9.8

30.8

34.2

38.3

34.0

37.8

42.3

157.0

174.4

195.4

165.5

183.9

206.0

315

355

400

315.0

355.0

400.0

317.9

358.2

403.6

11.1

12.5

14.0

43.0

48.5

54.6

47.4

53.5

60.2

220.2

248.0

279.9

231.9

261.2

294.45

450

500

560

450.0

500.0

560.0

454.1

504.5

565.0

15.6

17.5

19.6

61.5

—

—

67.8

—

—

314.4

—

—

331.1

—

—

630

710

800

630.0

710.0

800.0

635.7

716.4

807.2

22.1

24.9

28.0

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

900

1000

900.0

1000.0

908.1

1009.0

31.5

35.0

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

TABLE 3.2

STANDARD DIMENSION RATIOS (SDRs)

Compound PN 8 PN 10 PN 12.5 PN 16 PN 20 PN 25

PE-X 80

PE-X 100

PE-X 125

17

—

—

13.6

17

—

11

13.6

17

9

11

13.6

7.4

9

11

—

7.4

—

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TABLE 3.3

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF PIPES

Characteristic Units Requirements Test parameters Test method

No failure when tested

to 1000 h

(see Note 1)

Temperature: 20°C

Stress:

–PE-X 80: 8.3 Mpa

–PE-X 100: 10.4 Mpa

–PE-X 125: 13.0 MPa


to 165 h

Temperature: 95°C

Stress:

–PE-X 80: 4.6 Mpa

–PE-X 100: 4.8 Mpa

–PE-X 125: 6.0 MPa


to 1000 h

Temp: 95°C

Stress:

–PE-X 80: 4.4 Mpa

–PE-X 100: 4.7 Mpa

–PE-X 125: 5.9 MPa

Hydrostatic strength h


to 1 h

Temperature 95°C

Stress: PE-X 80: 4.8 MPa

ISO 1167 or

AS 1462.6

Type A end caps

Water-in-water

Elongation at break % ≥ 350% —

ISO 6259-1,

ISO 6259-3

RCP arrest

temperature

(gas pipes only)

(see Note 2)

°C

≤ −50°C

(see Note 3)

Stress:

–PE-X 0: 6.4 Mpa

–PE-X 00: 8.0 Mpa

–PE-X 25: 10.0 MPa

ISO 13477

Slow crack growth

(see Note 4)

h


to 5000 h

Temperature: 80°C

Pressure (see Note 5):

–PE-X 80: 8.0 bar

–PE-X 100: 9.2 bar

–PE-X 125: 10.8 bar

ISO 13479

NOTES:

1 Conducting tests at 20°C for 100 h at a stress level agreed between the manufacturer and pipeline

operator is permissible if correlation with 1000 h data can be demonstrated.

2 For pipes of dn≥90 mm. Testing is only required for gas pipes and when the wall thickness of the pipe is

greater than the wall thickness of the pipe used in the rapid crack propagation test on the PE-X compound

(see Note to Table 2.1). Tests shall be carried out on the thickest walled pipe in the manufacturer’s range.

For large diameter thick walled pipe, ISO 13478 may be used.

3 Alternative temperatures of −20°C or −35°C may be used to qualify material for minimum operating

temperatures higher than −50°C.

4 For pipes of en >6 mm, for quality control, conducting tests for 165 h at 95°C and a pressure agreed

between the manufacturer and pipeline operator is permissible if correlation with 80°C data can be

demonstrated.

5 The test pressures stated are for SDR 11 pipes. Guidance regarding test pressures for pipes of other SDR

values is given in ISO 13479.

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TABLE 3.4

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PIPES

Characteristic Units Requirements Test

parameters

Test method

Degree of cross-

linking (see

Note 1)

%

Manufacturer’s declared value

(≥60 but ≤90)

ISO 10147

(see Note 2)

Carbon black or

pigment

dispersion (see

Note 3)

—≤Grade 3

Rating of appearance A1, A2, A3 or B

ISO 18553

Thermal

stability

min. ≥20

200°C

(see Note 4)

ISO/TR 10837

Resistance to

weathering

(see Note 5)

—

As indicated by change in:

–Thermal stability (see Note 6)

–95°C hydrostatic strength

–Elongation at break

E ≥3.5 GJ/m2

ISO 14531-1,

Annex C

Longitudinal

reversion

%

≤3%

No change in appearance

110°C ISO 2505

NOTES:

1 Not required at the point of production for cross-linkable materials, i.e., those that achieve the degree of

cross-linking during or after installation.

2 Test pieces of radial thickness 0.1 mm shall be used for measurement of degree of cross-linking. They

shall be taken from the outer and inner pipe surfaces and the mid-wall position.

3 Only pipe layers with pigmentation should be used for grade classification.

4 Testing at 210°C is permissible if correlation with 200°C data can be demonstrated. In cases of dispute,

testing shall be carried out at 200°C.

5 Not applicable to the following:

(a) Carbon black pigmented pipes or external layers where the carbon content is greater than 2% when

determined in accordance with ISO 6964.

(b) Internal pipe surfaces.

6 Test pieces shall be taken from the outer pipe surface after preparation for fusion jointing either by

scraping to remove a layer 0.2 mm thick or by removal of the protective surface coating, as appropriate.

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APPENDIX A

MEANS FOR DEMONSTRATING COMPLIANCE WITH THIS STANDARD

(Normative)

A1 SCOPE

This Appendix sets out two means by which compliance with this has to be demonstrated by

a manufacturer as follows:

(a) The use of a product certification scheme.

(b) The use of a minimum sampling and testing frequency plan.

A2 RELEVANCE

The long-term performance of pipeline systems is critical to the operating efficiency of

water and gas agencies in terms of operating licences and customer contracts. The long-

term performance of plumbing systems is similarly critical to the durability of building

infrastructure, protection of public health and safety and protection of the environment.

A3 DEFINITIONS

A3.1 Acceptable quality level (AQL)

When a continuous series of lots or batches is considered, the quality level which, for the

purpose of sampling inspection, is the limit of a satisfactory process average

(see AS 1199.1).

NOTE: The designation of an AQL does not imply that a manufacturer has the right knowingly to

supply any non-conforming unit of product.

A3.2 Batch

Schedule of pipes, all of the same nominal diameter, wall thickness and marking,

manufactured from the same material or compound on the same machine.

NOTE: The batch is defined and identified by the pipe manufacturer.

A3.3 Batch release test (BRT)

A test performed on a sample from the batch or lot, to confirm conformance to the

requirements of this Standard before the batch can be released.

A3.4 Inspection level

The relationship between the batch or lot size and the sample size (see AS 1199.1).

A3.5 Lot

A clearly identifiable subdivision of a batch for inspection purposes.

A3.6 New material formulation

Any of the following changes:

(a) Change of polymer, that is—

(i) change of supplier,

(ii) change of polymerization, or

(iii) change of chemical properties of comonomers.

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(b) Change of additive package (e.g. pigments, antioxidants), that is—

(i) change of amount greater than ± 30% of individual additive;

(ii) change of chemical properties; or

(iii) change of nature of additive.

A3.7 Process verification test (PVT)

A test performed on a sample at specific intervals, to confirm conformance to the

requirements of this Standard before further batches can be released.

A3.8 Sample

One or more units of product drawn from a batch or lot, selected at random without regard

to quality.

NOTE: The number of units of product in the sample is the sample size.

A3.9 Sampling plan

A specific plan that gives the number of samples and the frequency of inspection or testing.

A3.10 Type test (TT)

A test performed on a sample to confirm conformance to the requirements of this Standard

before any batches can be released.

A4 PRODUCT CERTIFICATION

The purpose of product certification is to provide independent assurance of the claim by the

manufacturer that products comply with this Standard.

The certification scheme shall meet the criteria described in SA HB 18.28/SANZ HB 18.28

(ISO/IEC Guide 28) in that, as well as full type testing from independently sampled

production and subsequent verification of conformance, it requires the manufacturer to

maintain effective planning to control production.

The certification scheme serves to indicate that the products consistently conform to the

requirements of this Standard.

Product certification shall be conducted by a certification body accredited by the Joint

Accreditation System for Australia and New Zealand (JAS-ANZ) or by another certification

body that is acceptable to JAS-ANZ.

The frequency of the sampling and testing plan, as detailed in Paragraph A5, shall be used

by the certifying body for product compliance auditing. However, where the manufacturer

can demonstrate adequate process control to the certifying body, the frequency of sampling

and testing nominated in the manufacturer’s quality and/or documented procedures shall

take precedence for the purpose of product certification.

A5 MINIMUM SAMPLING AND TESTING FREQUENCY PLAN

A5.1 General

Table A1 sets out the minimum sampling and testing frequency plan for a manufacturer to

demonstrate compliance of product(s) to this Standard.

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A5.2 Retesting

In the event of a test failure, the products manufactured since the previous test(s)

conforming to the requirements outlined in Table A1 shall be quarantined as a batch. A

further set of samples shall be selected randomly from the quarantined batch using a

sampling plan to AS 1199.1 for an acceptable quality level (AQL) of 2.5 and an inspection

level of S3, unless otherwise specified. If the retest requirements are met, the batch may be

released and compliance with this Standard for the quarantined batch may be claimed.

Should a failure occur on retesting, then the quarantined batch shall be rejected and claims

and/or marking indicating compliance to this Standard shall be suspended until the cause of

the failure has been identified and corrected.

A5.3 Rejection after test

In the event of a quarantined batch being rejected after retesting in accordance with the

procedures set out in Paragraph A5.2, it may be subjected to 100% testing for the failed

requirement(s), and only those items found to comply may be claimed and/or marked as

complying with this Standard.

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TABLE A1

MINIMUM SAMPLING AND TESTING FREQUENCY PLAN

Characteristics Clause/Table Requirement Test method Frequency

TYPE TESTS (TT)

2.1 Material Process control

2.4 MRS

ISO 9080 or

AS/NZS 1462.29,

ISO 1167 (or

AS 1462.6),

ISO 12162

Table 2.1 Long-term stability

ISO 1167 or

AS 1462.6

Table 2.1 Degree of cross-linking ISO 10147

Table 2.1 RCP arrest temperature ISO 13477

Table 2.1 Slow crack growth ISO 13479

Material

Table 2.2 Classification

ISO 9080 or

AS/NZS 1462.29

Any new material formulation or

design

3.3 Effect on water AS 4020

Any new material formulation or

design or once every 5 years,

whichever occurs first

3.4 Colour Visual Inspection

3.6 Opacity ISO 7686

3.8.1

Diameter and wall

thickness

AS/NZS 1462.1

Table 3.4 Carbon black dispersion ISO 18553

Table 3.4 Pigment dispersion ISO 18553

Table 3.3 Elongation at break

ISO 6259-1,

ISO 6259-3

Table 3.3 RCP arrest temperature ISO 13477

Table 3.4 Longitudinal reversion ISO 2505

Table 3.4 Thermal stability ISO TR 10837


Pipes

Table 3.4

Resistance to

weathering

ISO 14531-1,

Annex C

Any new material formulation

PROCESS VERIFICATION TESTS (PVT)


Table 2.1 Long-term stability

ISO 1167 or

AS 1462.6

Material


Pipes Table 3.3 Hydrostatic strength

ISO 1167 or

AS 1462.6

To manufacturer’s sampling plan.

Samples to be evenly selected from

all pressure groups in such a way

that units of each DN produced are

tested regularly and continuously

(continued)

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Characteristics Clause/Table Requirement Test method Frequency

BATCH RELEASE TESTS (BRT)

Table 3.4 Pigment dispersion ISO 18553

Table 3.4 Carbon black dispersion ISO 18553

One per batch of compound, or one

per 4 h where pigment or carbon

black masterbatch is added


One per 24 h per machine where

pigment or carbon black

masterbatch is added

Table 3.3

Hydrostatic strength at

165 h

Hydrostatic strength at

1 h

ISO 1167 or

AS 1462.6

Table 3.4 Longitudinal reversion ISO 2505

One per week per machine or one

per batch, whichever is the lesser

pipe quantity

Table 3.4 Thermal stability ISO TR 10837 One per batch

3.1 Freedom from defects Visual Inspection One per 4 h

3.4 Colour

Compare pipe

colour to reference

samples of

specified colour

limits by visual

inspection

One per batch of compound

3.8.1

Diameter and wall

thickness

AS 1462.1

One per hour, or start and end of

coil

3.8.2 Coiled pipe ID Visual inspection One per 4 h

Pipes

3.8.3 and

Tables 3.1(A),

3.1(B) and

3.1(C)

Out of roundness AS/NZS 1462.1* One per 4 h

Marking 1.6 Marking Visual Inspection One per 4 h

* May also be tested by attributes (e.g., go and no-go gauges)

TABLE A1 (continued)

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APPENDIX B

OPERATING CONDITIONS FOR PE-X 80 PIPES USED FOR CONVEYANCE OF

HOT AND COLD WATER WITHIN BUILDINGS

(Informative)

This Appendix provides data derived from ISO 15875 in order to facilitate selection of

appropriate pipe for the application.

For continuous service temperature of 20°C, design stress is 7.6 Mpa; for 60°C, design

stress is 4.75 Mpa; and for 70°C, design stress is 4.26 MPa.

For continuous service temperatures in excess of 70°C, life beyond 50 years should not be

assumed; however, brief excursions to temperatures up to 100°C may be permissible.

For example, ISO 15875-1 provides for 49 years at 70°C, plus one year at 80°C, plus 100 h

at 95°C.

For particular circumstances, reference should be made to the manufacturer.

A design based on the maximum operating temperature is regarded as conservative and an

advantage may be gained from an analysis that incorporates Miner’s Rule (ISO 13760).

TABLE B1

DATA FOR PIPE SELECTION

Working pressure (MPa)

Continuous

service

temperature

°C

SDR 7.4 SDR 9 SDR 11 SDR 13.6 SDR 17

20

60

70

2.00

1.50

1.33

1.60

1.19

1.09

1.25

0.95

0.88

1.00

0.75

0.69

0.80

0.59

0.54

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APPENDIX C

REFERENCED DOCUMENTS

(Informative)

AS

1199 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes

1199.1 Sampling schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot

inspection

AS/NZS

1462 Methods of test for plastics pipes and fittings

1462.1 Method 1: Method for determining the dimensions of pipes and fittings

1462.6 Method 6: Method for hydrostatic pressure testing of pipes

1462.27 Method 27: Determination of toluene extract of carbon black

1462.29 Method 29: Plastics piping and ducting systems—Determination of the long-

term hydrostatic strength of thermoplastics materials in pipe form by

extrapolation (ISO 9080:2003, MOD)

3500 Plumbing and drainage

3500.0 Part 0: Glossary of terms

4020 Testing of products for use in contact with drinking water

4129 Fittings for polyethylene (PE) pipes for pressure applications

ISO

3 Preferred numbers—Series of preferred numbers

497 Guide to the choice of series of preferred numbers and of series containing

more rounded values of preferred numbers

1167 Thermoplastics pipes for the conveyance of fluids—Resistance to internal test

pressure—Test Method

2505 Thermoplastic pipes—Longitudinal reversion—Test method and parameters

4065 Thermoplastic pipes—Universal wall thickness table

6259 Thermoplastics pipes—Determination of tensile properties

6259-1 Part 1: General test method

6259-3 Part 3: Polyolefin pipes

6964 Polyolefin pipes and fittings—Determination of carbon black content by

calcination and pyrolysis—Test method and basic specification

7686 Plastics pipes and fittings—Determination of opacity

9080 Plastics piping and ducting systems—Determination of the long-term

hydrostatic strength of thermoplastics materials in pipe form by extrapolation

10147 Pipes and fittings made from crosslinked polyethylene (PE-X)—Estimation of

the degree of crosslinking by determination of the gel content

12162 Thermoplastics materials for pipes and fittings for pressure applications—

Classification and designation—Overall service (design) coefficient

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ISO

13477 Thermoplastics pipes for the conveyance of fluids—Determination of resistance

to rapid crack propagation (RCP)—Small-scale steady-state test (S4 test)

13478 Thermoplastics pipes for the conveyance of fluids—Determination of resistance

to rapid crack propagation (RCP)—Full scale test

13479 Polyolefin pipes for the conveyance of fluids—Determination of resistance to

crack propagation—Test method for slow crack growth on notched pipes (notch

test)

13760 Plastics pipes for the conveyance of fluids under pressure—Miner’s rule—

Calculation method for cumulative damage

13954 Plastics pipes and fittings—Peel decohesion test for polyethylene (PE)

electrofusion assemblies of nominal outside diameter greater than or equal to

90 mm

14531 Plastics pipes and fittings—Crosslinked polyethylene (PE-X) pipe systems for

the conveyance of gaseous fuels—Metric series—Specifications

14531-1 Part 1: Pipes

14531-2 Part 2: Fittings for heat-fusion jointing

15875 Plastics piping systems for hot and cold water installations—Crosslinked

polyethylene (PE-X)

15875-1 Part 1: General

18553 Method for the assessment of the degree of pigment or carbon black dispersion

in polyolefin pipes, fittings and compounds

TR 10837 Determination of the thermal stability of polyethylene (PE) for use in gas pipes

and fittings

SA/SANZ

HB 18 Conformity assessment

HB 18.28 Guide 28: Guidance on third-party certification system, for products

ASTM

D3849 Standard test method for carbon black—Morphological characterization of

carbon black using electron microscopy

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NOTES

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Standards Australia

Standards Australia is an independent company, limited by guarantee, which prepares and publishes

most of the voluntary technical and commercial standards used in Australia. These standards are

developed through an open process of consultation and consensus, in which all interested parties are

invited to participate. Through a Memorandum of Understanding with the Commonwealth

government, Standards Australia is recognized as Australia’s peak national standards body.

Standards New Zealand

The first national Standards organization was created in New Zealand in 1932. The Standards

Council of New Zealand is the national authority responsible for the production of Standards.

Standards New Zealand is the trading arm of the Standards Council established under the Standards

Act 1988.

Australian/New Zealand Standards

Under a Memorandum of Understanding between Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand,

Australian/New Zealand Standards are prepared by committees of experts from industry,

governments, consumers and other sectors. The requirements or recommendations contained

in published Standards are a consensus of the views of representative interests and also take

account of comments received from other sources. They reflect the latest scientific and industry

experience. Australian/New Zealand Standards are kept under continuous review after publication

and are updated regularly to take account of changing technology.

International Involvement

Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand are responsible for ensuring that the Australian

and New Zealand viewpoints are considered in the formulation of international Standards and that

the latest international experience is incorporated in national and Joint Standards. This role is vital

in assisting local industry to compete in international markets. Both organizations are the national

members of ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International

Electrotechnical Commission).

Visit our web sites

www.standards.org.au www.standards.co.nz

www.standards.com.au

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GPO Box 476 Sydney NSW 2001

Administration

Phone (02) 9237 6000

Fax (02) 9237 6010

Email [email protected]

Customer Service

Phone 1300 65 46 46

Fax 1300 65 49 49


Internet www.standards.org.au

Level 10 Radio New Zealand House

155 The Terrace Wellington 6001

(Private Bag 2439 Wellington 6020)

Phone (04) 498 5990

Fax (04) 498 5994

Customer Services (04) 498 5991

Information Service (04) 498 5992


Internet www.standards.co.nz

ISBN 0 7337 8289 2 Printed in Australia

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