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Merancang Jaringan Supply Chain
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Merancang Jaringan Supply ChainKonfigurasi I
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Merancang Jaringan Supply Chain
Konfigurasi II
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Merancang Jaringan Supply Chain
Trade Off Biaya Dalam Merancang Jaringan SC :
1. Biaya Transportasi Inbound2. Biaya Transportasi Outbound3. Biaya Fasilitas4. Biaya Simpan5. Waktu Respon
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Merancang Jaringan Supply Chain
Beberapa Faktor Lingkungan Yang Harus Dipertimbangkan Dalam MerancangJaringan SC
• Faktor ekonomi makro• Faktor sosial Politik• Faktor Teknologi• Faktor Keamanan
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Merancang Jaringan Supply Chain
Model-Model Untuk Perancangan Jaringan SC
• Gravity Location Model• Model Lokasi dan Alokasi Dengan Batasan Kapasitas• Model Penentuan Lokasi dan Gudang Secara Simultan
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Merancang Jaringan Supply Chain
Gravity Location ModelVariabel :
Ci : ongkos transportasi per unit per satuan jarak dari kandidat lokasi fasilitas (gudang ataupabrik) ke lokasi pasar i atau sumber pasokan i
Vi : volume barang yang harus dipindahkan dari fasilitas (gudang atau pabrik) ke lokasi pasar iatau sumber pasokan i.
(xi,yi) : koordinat lokasi pasar i atau sumber pasokan IJi : jarak antara lokasi fasiltas (pabrik atau gudang) ke lokasi pasar i atau sumber pasokan i
20
20 )()( iii yyxxj −+−=
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Merancang Jaringan Supply Chain
Gravity Location Model
TC =
Untuk menghitung lokasi fasilitas (x,y) yang optimal untuk minimasi ongkos TC, makadilakukan tiga langkah perhitungan
1. Hitung Jarak Ji2. Tentukan Koordinat lokasi
3. Apabila 2 iterasi yang berurutan menghasilkan koordinat yang hampir sama,maka iterasi sudah optimal
∑i
iii jVC
∑
∑=
i
ion
jiCiVi
jiCiVixi
x∑
∑=
i
ion
jiCiVi
jiCiViyi
y
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Merancang Jaringan Supply Chain
Gravity Location ModelContoh :Sebuah perusahaan mempunyai 6 distributor yang masing-masing memiliki gudang lokalyang dipasok langsung dari pabrik. Perusahaan ingin mendirikan sebuah gudang regionaluntuk memasok ke-6 gudang lokal distributor. Demand untuk setiap distributor sertakoordinat lokasi tiap distributor diberikan pada tabel di bawah ini. Tentukan koordinat lokasigudang regional harus dibangun sehingga total biaya distribusi menjadi minimal.
6
5
4
3
2
1
Distributor
2.1200315
1.740095
1.9150512
2.5200128
1.870064
1.510015
CiViYiXi
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Merancang Jaringan Supply Chain
Gravity Location Model
5, 1
4, 6
8, 12
12, 5
5, 9
15, 3
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
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Merancang Jaringan Supply Chain
Gravity Location Model
X0 0Y0
0X Y Xi Yi Ji Vi Ci ViCiXi/Ji ViCiYi/Ji ViCi/Ji
0 0 5 1 5.09902 100 1.5 147.0871 29.41742 29.417420 0 4 6 7.211103 700 1.8 698.9222 1048.383 174.73060 0 8 12 14.42221 200 2.5 277.3501 416.0251 34.668760 0 12 5 13 150 1.9 263.0769 109.6154 21.923080 0 5 9 10.29563 400 1.7 330.2372 594.4269 66.047440 0 15 3 15.29706 200 2.1 411.8439 82.36878 27.45626
2128.5 2280.2 354.2
X1 6.0Y1 6.4
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Merancang Jaringan Supply Chain
Gravity Location Model
X1 6.0Y1 6.4
X1 Y1 Xi Yi Ji Vi Ci ViCiXi/Ji ViCiYi/Ji ViCi/Ji6 6.4 5 1 5.491812 100 1.5 136.5669 27.31339 27.313396 6.4 4 6 2.039608 700 1.8 2471.063 3706.595 617.76586 6.4 8 12 5.946427 200 2.5 672.6728 1009.009 84.08416 6.4 12 5 6.161169 150 1.9 555.0895 231.2873 46.257466 6.4 5 9 2.785678 400 1.7 1220.529 2196.952 244.10586 6.4 15 3 9.620811 200 2.1 654.8305 130.9661 43.65536
5710.8 7302.1 1063.2
X2 5.4Y2 6.9
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Merancang Jaringan Supply Chain
Gravity Location Model
X2 5.4Y2 6.9
X2 Y2 Xi Yi Ji Vi Ci ViCiXi/Ji ViCiYi/Ji ViCi/Ji5.4 6.9 5 1 5.913544 100 1.5 126.8275 25.3655 25.36555.4 6.9 4 6 1.664332 700 1.8 3028.243 4542.364 757.06065.4 6.9 8 12 5.724509 200 2.5 698.7499 1048.125 87.343745.4 6.9 12 5 6.868042 150 1.9 497.9585 207.4827 41.496545.4 6.9 5 9 2.137756 400 1.7 1590.453 2862.815 318.09065.4 6.9 15 3 10.36195 200 2.1 607.9937 121.5987 40.53291
6550.2 8807.8 1269.9
X3 5.2Y3 6.9
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Merancang Jaringan Supply Chain
Gravity Location Model
X3 5.2Y3 6.9
X3 Y3 Xi Yi Ji Vi Ci ViCiXi/Ji ViCiYi/Ji ViCi/Ji5.2 6.9 5 1 5.903389 100 1.5 127.0457 25.40913 25.409135.2 6.9 4 6 1.5 700 1.8 3360 5040 8405.2 6.9 8 12 5.818075 200 2.5 687.5126 1031.269 85.939075.2 6.9 12 5 7.060453 150 1.9 484.3882 201.8284 40.365685.2 6.9 5 9 2.109502 400 1.7 1611.755 2901.158 322.35095.2 6.9 15 3 10.54751 200 2.1 597.2973 119.4595 39.81982
6868.0 9319.1 1353.9
X4 5.1Y4 6.9
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Merancang Jaringan Supply Chain
Gravity Location Model
X4 5.1Y4 6.9
X4 Y4 Xi Yi Ji Vi Ci ViCiXi/Ji ViCiYi/Ji ViCi/Ji5.1 6.9 5.0 1.0 5.9 100.0 1.5 127.1 25.4 25.45.1 6.9 4.0 6.0 1.4 700.0 1.8 3546.1 5319.2 886.55.1 6.9 8.0 12.0 5.9 200.0 2.5 681.8 1022.7 85.25.1 6.9 12.0 5.0 7.2 150.0 1.9 477.9 199.1 39.85.1 6.9 5.0 9.0 2.1 400.0 1.7 1617.2 2911.0 323.45.1 6.9 15.0 3.0 10.6 200.0 2.1 592.1 118.4 39.5
7042.2 9595.8 1399.9
X5 5.0Y5 6.9
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Merancang Jaringan Supply Chain
Gravity Location Model
X5 5.0Y5 6.9
X5 Y5 Xi Yi Ji Vi Ci ViCiXi/Ji ViCiYi/Ji ViCi/Ji5.0 6.9 5.0 1.0 5.9 100.0 1.5 127.1 25.4 25.45.0 6.9 4.0 6.0 1.3 700.0 1.8 3746.2 5619.3 936.65.0 6.9 8.0 12.0 5.9 200.0 2.5 676.0 1014.0 84.55.0 6.9 12.0 5.0 7.3 150.0 1.9 471.5 196.5 39.35.0 6.9 5.0 9.0 2.1 400.0 1.7 1619.0 2914.3 323.85.0 6.9 15.0 3.0 10.7 200.0 2.1 586.9 117.4 39.1
7226.8 9886.9 1448.7
X6 5.0Y6 6.8
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Merancang Jaringan Supply Chain
Gravity Location Model
X6 5.0Y6 6.8
X6 Y6 Xi Yi Ji Vi Ci ViCiXi/Ji ViCiYi/Ji ViCi/Ji5.0 6.8 5.0 1.0 5.8 100.0 1.5 129.3 25.9 25.95.0 6.8 4.0 6.0 1.3 700.0 1.8 3935.6 5903.4 983.95.0 6.8 8.0 12.0 6.0 200.0 2.5 666.3 999.4 83.35.0 6.8 12.0 5.0 7.2 150.0 1.9 473.2 197.2 39.45.0 6.8 5.0 9.0 2.2 400.0 1.7 1545.5 2781.8 309.15.0 6.8 15.0 3.0 10.7 200.0 2.1 588.9 117.8 39.3
7338.7 10025.4 1480.8
X7 5.0Y7 6.8
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Merancang Jaringan Supply Chain
Gravity Location Model
5, 1
4, 6
8, 12
12, 5
5, 9
15, 3
5, 6.8
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
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Merancang Jaringan Supply Chain
Penentuan lokasi dan alokasi dengan mempertimbangkan kapasitasFungsi Tujuan :
Batasan :
∑ ∑= =
+
n
i
m
jijijii xcyfMin
1 1
}1,0{
y1
i
1
∈
∀≤
∀=
∑
∑
=
=
i
i
m
jiij
j
n
ijij
y
Kx
Dx
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Merancang Jaringan Supply Chain
Penentuan lokasi dan alokasi dengan mempertimbangkan kapasitasContoh :
17003000150018002000Permintaan
40001064715200Tangerang
400024121496180Gresik
32002518171210165Pasuruan
5000251615105250Surabaya
SSJKTJBJTGJTMFixedKapasitas
Biaya Transportasi dan Fixed Cost Dari Pabrik ke Lokasi PasarPabrik
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Merancang Jaringan Supply Chain
Penentuan lokasi dan alokasi dengan mempertimbangkan kapasitasContoh :
Surabaya 1 2000 0 0 0 0Pasuruan 0 0 0 0 0 0Gresik 1 0 1800 0 2200 0Tangerang 1 0 0 1500 800 1700
JKT SSPabrik Yi JTM JTG JB
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Merancang Jaringan Supply Chain
Model Penentuan Lokasi dan Gudang Secara Simultan
Kendala
∑ ∑∑ ∑ ∑ ∑ +++w j
wjwjiwi w i w
iwwwii xcxcyfyfMin
∑
∑
∑ ∑
∑
=
≤
=−
≤
wjwj
jwwwj
i jwjiw
wiiiw
Dx
yKx
xx
yKx
0
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Merancang Jaringan Supply Chain
Model Penentuan Lokasi dan Gudang Secara Simultan
P1
P2
P3P1
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