Back Matter

Back MatterSource: The Journal of Conflict Resolution, Vol. 13, No. 3 (Sep., 1969)Published by: Sage Publications, Inc.Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/173508 .

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MOTIVATION AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF NEGRO AMERICANS

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Introduction and Frame of Reference

Negro Academic Motivation and Performance: An Overview Edgar G. Epps

A Critique of Personality Approaches to Negro Performance, With Research Suggestions-- Irwin Katz

Internal-External Control in the Motivational Dynamics of Negro Youth Patricia Gurin, Gerald Gurin, Rosina C. Lao, Muriel Beattie

Correlates of Academic Achievement

Correlates of Academic Achievement Among Northern and Southern Urban Negro Students Edgar G. Epps

Effects of Desegregation on Motivation and Achievement

Initial Effects of Desegregation on the Achievement Motivation of Negro Elementary School Children -Joseph Veroff and Stanton Peele

The Relative Influence of School and of Classroom Desegregation on the Academic Achievement of Ninth Grade Negro Students James McPartland

Effects of Expanding Opportunities

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Terry Nardin and Reliability and Validity of Some Patterns of Interna- Neal E. Cutler: tional Interaction in an Inter-Nation Simulation

R. T. Green and G. Santori: A Cross Cultural Study of Hostility and Aggression

Raymond F. Smith: On the Structure of Foreign News: A Comparison of the New York Times and the Indian White Papers

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Johan Galtung

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From the contents of issue No. 1-2/1969:

La Paix et les Principes du Droit International-R. Cassin.

The Soviet-Egyptian "Solution" to the "Israel Problem"-Dr. M. Sneh.

"Bellum Justum et Piuna, Controversy and the reunification of Jerusalem"-Prof. S. Berman.

The Middle East Conflict and some problems of Peace-keeping Operations and Disarmament- Prof. M. Mushkat.

Aid Administration-The Case of the Federal Republic of Germany-M. Burisch.

Development Problems in UN Institutions-Dr. F. Ginor.

The Encyclical "Populorum Progressio" and the Italian Left-Dr. A. Silfen.

Ideology and International Communication-Dr. Y. Reuveny.

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Jozsef Bognar - REFORMA ECoN6MICA EN HUNGRIA

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Melville Watkins .-- CANADA&: INDUSTRIA Y PROPIEDAD EXTRANJERA

Luciano Martins -MAYO 1968: UNA REVOLUCI6N NUEVA E INTRANSITIVA

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STEINER, JURG. Nonviolent conflict resolution in democratic systems: Switzerland. Journal of Conflict Resolution, XIII, 3 (Sept. 1969), 295-304. I-

"Democratic systems tend to regulate their political conflicts with relatively little I violence if ....." Framed in this form, sixteen hypotheses were drawn from studies of X t

the Swiss political system and tested by participant observation in three actual decision-making processes in that country. Four of the sixteen hypotheses were thrown into doubt, while six new ones were developed from the research. This paper I focuses on results and interpretation rather than method, which is described in a forthcoming work by the same author. A systematization of all twenty-two hypotheses : emphasizes such concepts as degree of violence (generally regarded as the dependent variable), the norm of nonviolence, rewards and punishments through the 'i national and the international system, fulfillment of the demands of the members of '

the system, functionality of the channels for articulating dissent, capacity to com- : promise, learning capacity, the pattern of interaction among elites of the different subcultures, and characteristics of the political culture.

I I

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LITVAK, I. A., and C. J. MAULE. Conflict resolution and extraterritoriality. Journal of Conflict Resolution, XIII, 3 (Sept. 1969), 305-19.

The presence of US direct investment in Canada has led to conflicts of interest between Canada and the US, due to the ability of the US government to impose its 3 policies on US firms resident in Canada. This situation gives rise to the issue of extraterritoriality. Three areas in which policies have been imposed are: freedom to ex- port, antitrust judgments, and balance of payments policies. In this article, the conflicts are analyzed using Boulding's classification of conflict-economic, inter- , action, and internal. The resolutions of the conflicts are examined and their effective- ness discussed. The main finding of the analysis is that the conflicts involve both political and economic factors. In each conflict situation Canada experiences either a threat to, or a violation of, its national sovereignty. At the same time, the impact of US policies will affect the commercial behavior of the US firms and their Canadian affiliates, a fact which has resulted in the loss of market opportunities and has tended

* to destabilize the Canadian balance of payments. To date, these conflicts have not been resolved to the, satisfaction of the Canadian government.

I X I

i I

DeLAMATER, JOHN, DANIEL KATZ, and HERBERT C. KELMAN. On the I nature of national involvement: a preliminary study. Journal of Conflict Resolution,

XIII, 3 (Sept. 1969), 320-58.

As an alternative to the concept of "nationalism," a theory of national role involvement is presented which identifies three mechanisms by which an individual may be X

motivated to enact the role of a national. His involvement may be symbolic, an orientation to the nation's symbols and attendant emotional satisfactions; or normative, an orientation toward norms and the associated rewards and sanctions; or functional, a concern with the material and other benefits derivable from membership in the X

| national system. The results of a field survey designed to test this conceptualization indicate that individuals may be differentiated according to the importance of each of these orientations to them. The results also indicate clear differences in attitudes between persons characterized by different orientations, particularly in attitudes about

I "Americanism," defense policies and disarmament, foreign relations, and supranational I organizations.



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Revue Francaise de Sociologie publiee par le

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Vol. X, N? 1-Janvier-Mars 1969

ARTICLES

Pierre BIRNBAUM Cadres sociaux et representations collectives dans l'oeuvre de Durk- heim: l'exemple du Socialisme

Jean-Claude COMBESSIE Education et valeurs de classe dans la sociologie americaine Richard F. HAMILTON Le fondement populaire des solutions militaires "dures". Le cas

de la Chine en 1952. Willem DOISE Perceptions et attitudes concernant les relations internationales

dans cinq pays du Marche Commun

NOTE DE RECHERCHE

Aline RIPERT Quelques observations sur le phenomene de la presentation 'a la television

BIBLIOGRAPHIE - REVUE DES REVUES

Prix du num6ro: 9 F. REDACTION ABONNEMENT

Centre d'Etudes sociologiques Editions du CNRS 82, rue Cardinet, Paris 170 15, quai Anatole France, Paris 70

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COBB, STEPHEN A. Defense spending and foreign policy in the House of Repre- : I sentatives. Journal of Conflict Resolution, XIII, 3 (Sept. 1969), 358-69. -

In an attempt to test part of a theory that a "military-industrial complex" unduly - * influences foreign policy formulation in this country, we have examined the influence

of defense spending concentrations on the voting of Congressmen in the area of foreign policy. A Guttman Scale of foreign policy items was developed as a dependent '

variable. We also developed two separate indices of defense spending concentrations ' 0 from Department of Defense data. More accurate data exist but were classified. 1 After entering region represented and party in the regression equation, we found E

that defense spending concentrations had absolutely no effect on voting. We then : subdivided the sample on appropriate lines and checked for statistically significant correlations between defense spending and foreign policy voting. Almost none were I found.

We concluded that the ideological predispositions represented by region and party '

were the controlling factors and that defense spending was not an important influence. We then made conjectures about future research in the area, including the theoreti- * ally more promising possible relationship between defense appropriations bill voting and defense spending concentrations.

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WALLACE, DONNEL, and PAUL ROTHAUS. Communication, group loyalty, and trust in the PD game. Journal of Conflict Resolution, XIII, 3 (Sept. 1969), 370-80.

This research studied the influence of reward conditions, group membership, and |

personality variables on communication, attitude ratings, and percent of cooperative choices in the Prisoner's Dilemma game. There were four major findings: (1) We found no impressive relationships between intelligence, personality, and game behavior. (2) Social-psychological relationships of the players proved to be a significant determinant of game behavior. (3) Initial attitude scores were more positive or favorable when Ss played members of their own ward compared to when Ss played members from another ward; this difference became even greater as the game developed. (4) The reward conditions used in this experiment were not sufficiently powerful to alter game behavior but reward factors intensified the inclination of members to trusting and distrusting behaviors based on group membership characteristics.

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,3 NITZ, LAWRENCE H., and JAMES L. PHILLIPS. The effects of divisibility of 3 payoff on confederative behavior. Journal of Conflict Resolution, XIII, 3, (Sept. 31

1969), 381-87.

Previous research on coalition formation in the triad has indicated that subjects 11 3 prefer to form coalitions with the weaker of two potential partners. A recent study

has shown that this preference may be influenced by such factors as a preference | for dominance, a desire for intracoalition compatibility, and a tendency toward equali-

tarianism. In this study these three factors were examined. Major finding: Preference I 3 for dominance did not provide a sufficient explanation for the results of this study,

nor was an equalitarian bias hypothesis supported. The hypothesis of intracoalition compatibility was -supported.

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THE JOURNAL OF CONFLICT RESOLUTION is designed to stimulate and communicate systematic research and thinking on international processes, including the total international system, the interactions among governments and among nationals of different states, and the processes by which nations make and execute their foreign policies. It is our hope that theoretical and empirical efforts in this area will help in minimizing the use of violence in resolv- ing international conflicts.

The editors believe that concepts, data, and methods from all of the social and behavioral sciences are needed for the understanding of problems in this field and for the development of a systematic body of knowledge. Moreover, we believe that relevant insights can be derived from analyses of interaction and conflict, not only directly at the international level, but also at other levels of social organization. We there- fore welcome submission of manuscripts relevant to conflict and its resolution, regardless of their disciplinary orientation, their level of analysis, their theoretical approach, or the type of research methods used. The JOURNAL publishes a wide variety of articles-including reports of empirical research (basic or applied), theoretical analyses, critical reviews, as well as speculative or programmatic papers with a systematic focus.

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Manuscripts must be typed with a dark, black ribbon (electric typewriter preferred), clearly mimeographed, or multilithed. Do not use ditto. A minimum of corrections may be made in dark ink, but the typesetter should not be expected to piece the manuscript together. Submit three copies of the manuscript.

Double space everything, including footnotes and references.

Citations Use author's name and publication date in

parentheses in referring to the "References" section at the end of the article. For example, "The model of cognitive structure to be described is similar at various points to other models (Jones, 1958; Huntington, 1958) ." If only certain pages within the reference are being cited, indicate these within the paren-

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Footnotes Footnotes should be numbered consecutively

throughout the article. Do not use printers' symbols. The footnotes should be placed on the page of the manuscript where reference to them appears.

References Place the "Reference" section immediately

after the text. References should be alphabetized and submitted in one of the following forms: DEUTSCH, KARL W. et al. Political Com-

munity and the North Atlantic Area. Prince- ton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1957.

KELMAN, HERBERT C. "Internationalizing Mili- tary Force." In Q. WRIGHT, W. M. EVANS, and MORTON DEUTSCH (eds.), Preventing World War III: Some Proposals. New York: Simon & Schuster, Inc., 1962.

NASH, J. F. "Noncooperative Games," Annals of Mathematics, 54 (1951), 286-95.

"World War II Is up to Russia, Legion Is Told." Washington Post and Times Herald, July 25, 1958, B-2. Do not list page numbers within books in

the reference section, but refer to them in the citation.

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