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KERJA MASA CUTI PERTENGAHAN TAHUNPAPER 2:

1. Diagram 1 shows organelles P, Q, R and S that are found in a cell.

(a) (i) Name P and R.

P : M..

R: . [1 mark](ii) State the function of organelles P and R.

P : ..

R: . [2 marks] (b) Q are absent in the pancreatic cells of a human.Explain the effect of the absence of Q to the production of enzymes.

[3 marks]

2. Diagram 2 shows comparison between two types of cell division in an organism

Draw the chromosomes in the circle given in Diagram 2 for telophase I and telophase II

[6 marks]

ESSAY: SECTION B

(1) a) Based on the Diagram 2, explain `eutrophication` process. [10 marks]b) Explain how each of the following can reduce water pollution:(i) Treating sewage(iiUsing organic fertilizers rather than inorganic ones.[6 marks](c) Explain how deforestation of rainforest can cause the flash flood [4 marks]

2. Diagram 5 shows the menu for Miss Muffet breakfast. She takes a cup of milk and two slides of whole meal bread spread with butter.

DIAGRAM 5(a) Is Miss Muffets breakfast menu a balanced diet for an adult? Give reasons for your answer. [4 marks](b) Explain how the food rich in carbohydrate is digested in the body of Miss Muffet. [ 6 marks]

3. Diagram below shows two types of immunities.

Explain the differences between the types of immunity obtained by individuals X and Y.

[6 marks]

PAPER 3

1. Diagram 1 shows an experiment that had been carried out to investigate the effect of air movement on the rate of transpiration hibiscus plant by using a potometer. Time is taken for an air bubble to move from X to Y (10 cm distance) by using stopwatch.

Rajah 1 menunjukkan satu eksperimen yang dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan pergerakan udara terhadap kadar transpirasi pokok bunga raya menggunakan satu potometer. Masa di ambil untuk satu gelembung udara untuk bergerak dari X ke Y [jarak 10 cm] dengan menggunakan jam randik

10 cmAir bubbleXYFresh plant shootDiagram 1

The potometer is placed near a fan with air speed adjusted at different velocity in the same room with temperature 30oC. The result of the experiment is shown in the table 1.

Potometer ini diletakkan dalam bilik yang sama, berhampiran dengan kipas angin dimana halaju angin berbeza. Keputusan eksperimen ditunjukkan dalam Jadual 1

Fan speedStopwatch readingTime taken by air bubble to move from X to Y (minute)

1

36

2

28

3

18

4

15

Table 1

Base on the Diagram 1 and Tables 1 answer all questions:

1(a)(i) State two observations on the time of air bubble moves. Nyatakan dua pemerhatian tentang masa dalam eksperimen ini Observation 1 When the fan speed is 1, the time taken by air bubble to move from X to Yis 36 minutes.Observation 2 When the fan speed is 4, the time taken by air bubble to move from X to Y is 15 minutes. [3 marks]

(a)(ii)State one inference for each observation made in (a) (i). Nyatakan satu inferen bagi setiap pemerhatian yang dibuat pada 1(a)(i)Inference for observation 1 The time taken by air bubble to move from X to Y is the longest because water molecule evaporate at surface of the leaves slowly under slow air movement causing the air bubble to move in long time.Inference for observation 2 The time taken by air bubble to move from X to Y is the shortest because water molecule evaporate at surface of the leaves rapidly under fast air movement causes it to move in short time. [3 marks]

(b)(i)Draw a table based on the following criteria: Bina satu jadual berdasarkan criteria berikut Fan speed Time taken Transpiration rate[Transpiration rate = Distance [cm/min] Time

Fan speedTime taken for air bubbles to move (min)Transpiration rate(cm /min)

1360.28

2280.36

3180.56

4150.67

[3 marks]

(b) (ii)Plot a graph of rate of transpiration rate against fan speed based on (b)(i) Lakarkan satu graf kadar transpirasi melawan halaju kipas berdasarkan (b)(i)

[3 marks]

(c)State the relationship between the increase of air movement and the rate of transpiration. Explain your answerNyatakan hubungan antara pertambahan keamatan cahaya dengan kadar transpirasi. Terangkan jawapan andaWhen the air movement increases, the rate of transpiration increases. This is because the waterMolecules evaporate at surface of the leaves rapidly under high air movement causing the rate of transpiration increases.

[3 marks]

(d)State the variables in the experiment and explain how the variables are operatedNyatakan pembolehubah dan cara mengendalikan pembolehubahVariables in the experiment

How the variables are operated

Manipulated variable

Air movementUse different speed of fan that is 1, 2, 3 and4

Responding variable:Rate of transpirationCalculate and record the rate of transpiration by using formula distance/time (cm/min)

Fixed variables :TemperatureFix the temperature at 30 degree celcius.

[3 marks]

(e)State the hypothesis for this experiment.Nyatakan hipotesis eksperimen ini

The faster the air movement, the higher the rate of transpiration.[3 marks]

(f) Based on the experiment, define transpiration operationallyBerdasarkan eksperimen, beri definisi transpirasi secara operasiTranspiration is a process of loss of water vapour shown by the time taken by air bubble to travel from X to Y affected by the air movement.[3 marks]

(g)The experiment is repeated by placing the set-up in the dark without fan. Predict transpiration rate of the plant shoot under this condition. Explain your prediction. Jika eksperimen diulang dengan meletakkan radas dalam gelap, ramalkan kadar transpirasi tumbuhan ini. Terangkan ramalan anda0.1 cm/min.The rate of transpiration is lower due to low light intensity and lower air movement. [3 marks]

(f)Classify the apparatus and materials used in this experiment. Kelaskan alat radas dan bahan yang digunakan dalam eksperimen ini.

ApparatusMaterials

ThermometerStopwatchRulerWaterHibiscus plantCapillary tube

[3 marks]

[33 marks]

Question 2

Question 2

Diagram 2 shows an area where different activities are being carried out. The river flowing in that area receives the wastes from the town and also from the factories. In conjunction with their studies of the effects of human activities on the environment, a group of students carried out an experiment to study the level of water pollution in three stations A, B and C, along the river.

BC\A

Plan an investigation which you could personally carry out in the laboratory to determine the level of pollution in stations A, B and C.

The planning of the experiment should include the following aspects: Statement of identified problem Variables Statement of hypothesis List of apparatus and materials Procedure Presentation of data

17 marks.

Good luck

Self Check Biology Subtopics

SubtopicsyesSubtopicsyes

Structure on plasma membrane

Adaptation of the leaf for optimal photosynthesis

Movement of substances across plasma membrane

Light and dark reaction in photosynthesis

Design experiment on effects of hypotonic, hypertonic and isotonic solution on animal and plant cells

Design experiment to study the effects of light intensity/other - on the rate of photosynthesis

characteristics of the enzymes

Technological development of food processing

Site of the enzymes synthesisthe mechanical of enzymes action (lock and key)

Design experiment to investigate//discuss anaerobic respiration in yeast/muscle

Design experiment to study the effect of pH and temperature on activities of amylase and pepsin

Characteristics of the respiratory surfaces

Identify different stages of mitosis,movement of chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis

Use schematic diagram to explain the exchange and transport of respiratory gases in human

study tissue culture technique

Design experiment to investigate the differences between inhale and exhale air

Design exp - the energy value in food sample

Rate of respiration and rate of heart beat in different situation

Determine the nutrient content in different food sample

An experiment to show the effects of cigarette smoke

Design exp - Vitamin C content in various fruit juice

The interactions between biotic components food web/ symbiosis/ predator-prey

Draw and label parts of the human digestive system.

Estimate the population size of animals such as garden snails

Partof digestive system and digestion of cellulose in ruminants and rodents.

Nitrogen cycle , Microorganism

Discuss the absorption process in the villus.

The green house /effect thinning of the ozone layer/deforestation/global warming

Process of assimilationDesign exp - BOD

SubtopicsYes SubtopicsYes

Function of blood and haemolymph in transport

Problems faced by: aquatic plants, terrestrial plants.

Basic structure and function of the human heart.

How support in terrestrial plants are achieved through tissue modifications

Schematic diagrams circulatory system: humans, fish and amphibians

Internal and external stimuli

A schematic diagram to illustrate the mechanism of blood clotting

Draw, label, function a cross section of the brain , spinal cord.

Schematic diagram on the formation of interstitial fluid and lymph

Neurone types of, draw, function, labelSynapse

Defense mechanism in humans.

Voluntary + reflex pathway of nerves transmission

The effects of HIV on the bodys immune systemCoordination- nervous system, endocrine system, fight or flight situation

Transpiration & importance of transpiration

Concept of homeostasis :temperature ,blood pressure,partial pressure of oxygen , carbon dioxide, osmotic pressure, sugar level,

The pathway of water from soil to leaves using a schematic diagram

Formation of urine and excretion

Design exp - The external conditions affecting the rate of transpiration

Design an experiment to study the effect of different quantities of water intake on urine output

Name and label the bones - axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton

Effects of drug and alcohol abuse on humans, explain the factors that can lead to drug and alcohol abuse,

How the bones, skeletal muscles, tendons and joints bring about movement in the arm or leg,

Role of auxins in tropismUse of hormones in of hormones in agriculture.

The antagonistic action of skeletal muscles

Formation of sperm + ovum in humans

The function of cartilage and synovial fluid at joints

Explain the role of hormones in regulating the menstrual cycle

Mechanism of locomotion in an earthworm, grasshopper, fish or bird.

Fertilisation, early development of a zygote/placenta/formation of twins

Cause and effect of muscle cramp, osteoporosis, muscular dystrophy, and arthritis.

Family planning,Sperm bank,Artificial insemination,in vitro fertilisation,Surrogate motherSexually transmitted diseases

Ways to care for the musculoskeletal systemThe formation of pollen grains + embryo sac in the ovuleDouble fertilisation in flowering plant

SubtopicsYes SubtopicsYes

Study and interpret the data /curve :HumansInsect

sex-linked inheritance colour blindness

Primary and secondary growth in plant

thalassaemia

Mendels monohybrid cross experiment

DNA fingerprinting,

Mendels dihybrid cross experiment

Human genome project,Potential of stem cell research

Meaning of :Genes and alleles, Dominant and recessive Phenotype + genotype

Genetic engineering:I. Gene therapy,Ii. Genetically modified organisms,Iii. Genetically modified food,Iv. Medicine (production of insulin

The blood groups ABO system

Compare continuous variation with discontinuous variation

Rhesus factor

State the factors causing variationGeneticEnvironmental factors Interaction between genetic + environmental

Sex determination

Importance of variation in the survival of a species.

Sex-linked inheritance of haemophilia

Adab Belajar:

1. Ikhlas niat Aku menuntut ilmu kerana Allah untuk berjaya - berbakti pada ibu bapa dan masyarakat.2. Tekun dan tawakkal berusaha bersungguh-sungguh, tidak malas dan tidak putus asa dan berserah pada Allah3. Menjauhi maksiat semasa belajar jaga mata jgn melihat benda-benda yang diharamkan Allah, jaga tangan jangan mengambil hak orang, jaga mulut jangan mengata orang.4. Berkawan dengan org yang baik jgn berkawan dengan orang yang jahat.5. Banyak mengingati Allah selalu berdoa6. Menjaga Kehormatan menjaga maruah diri.7. Doa dan keredhaan ibubapa 8. Menghormati guru9. Menulis setiap yang dipelajari jangan malas menulis10. Jaga solat Wajib solat Fardhu 5 kali sehari semalam