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Big Four Construction Hazards:
Caught-in Hazards
This material was produced under grant number SH-17792-08-60-F-48 Occupational Safety and Health Administration,
U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor,
nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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Introduction
The following presentations have beendeveloped in both Spanish and English for theconstruction industry. These presentations focuson the Big Four Construction Hazards falls,
electrocution, caught-in and struck-by.
All training materials will cover the fourhazards seen regularly on construction sites and
will focus on the methods for the recognitionand the prevention of these common hazards.
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Caught-in Hazards Overview
A. Hazard Recognition
1. Cranes and Heavy Equipment
2. Tools and Equipment
3. Materials Handling
4. Trenches and Excavations
B Accident Prevention
1. Guarding Moving Equipment/Parts
2. Barricades3. Proper Materials Handling
4. Shielding/Trench Boxes
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Caught-in Hazards
Caught-in hazards are one of the fourmost deadly hazards found atconstruction sites.
This program will help you recognizecommon caught-in hazards.
The symbol will tell you if the
situation in the picture is either safeor not safe.
Safe
Not safe
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Caught-in Statistics
Each year workers die
from caught-in accidents.During the year 2007:
Total deaths fromcaught-in cases: 294
Deaths in construction:192
Approximately 16% ofdeaths in constructionare from caught-in
accidents Approximately 5% of
all occupational deathsare from caught-inaccidents
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Hazard Recognition
Caught-in hazardsoccur when aworker could becaught inside of
or in betweendifferent objects.
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Cranes and Heavy Equipment
Caught-in hazardsare often createdwhen workingaround heavy
equipment.
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Cranes and Heavy Equipment
Never placeyourself betweena piece of heavyequipment and an
immovable object.
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Cranes and Heavy Equipment
Never work inthe swing radiusof rotatingequipment.
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Cranes and Heavy Equipment
Always workat a safedistance fromequipment.
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Tools and Equipment
Caught-in hazardsexist whenworkers removeor disable guards
on tools orequipment.
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Tools and Equipment
Never placeyour hands orbody nearmoving parts.
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Tools and Equipment
Never useequipment that ismissing guards orother protective
devices.
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Materials Handling
Use cautionwhen handlingmaterials.
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Materials Handling
Be careful whenstacking andstoring materials.
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Materials Handling
Do not placeyourself betweenmaterials and animmovable
structure.
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Trenches & Excavations
Workers inside ofan excavationmust be protectedfrom a cave-in.
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Trenches & Excavations
Workers areexposed to apotential cave-inwhen there are
unprotected sides.
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Trenches & Excavations
Workers can becaught-inbetween thesides of the
excavation andpipes or otherobjects insidethe excavation.
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Trenches & Excavations
Never work insidean excavationwhere water isaccumulating.
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QUIZ
You will be presentedwith a specific hazardrecognition question totest your understanding
of this material.
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Question 1
Caught-in hazards cause only minor injuries andare not a big concern to construction workers.
A - True
B - False
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Question 1
Caught-in hazards cause only minor injuries andare not a big concern to construction workers.
The correct answer is:
B False
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Question 2
A caught-in hazard can be described as:
A - Not wearing a seatbelt while driving a
forklift
B - Being hit by a swinging load from a crane
C - Anytime a worker can get any part of his body caught
in or in between objects
D - Working in a trench box
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Question 2
A caught-in hazard can be described as:The correct answer is:
C - Anytime a worker can get any part of his bodycaught in or in between objects
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Question 3
Never walk inside the swing radius of a crane orexcavator because:
A - The operator may not be able to see you
B - It is not polite
C - The crane or excavator may moveunexpectedly
D - Both A and C are correct
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Question 3
Never walk inside the swing radius of a crane orexcavator because:
The correct answer is:
D - Both A and C are correct
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Question 4
Hand tools create caught-in hazards by:
A - Having unguarded rotating parts
B - Exposing small openings where fingers
can get inside the tool
C - Having moving parts that continue to
turn when power is turned off
D - All of the above
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Question 4
Hand tools create caught-in hazards by:The correct answer is:
D - All of the above
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Question 5
Handling materials by hand does not create acaught-in hazard because no one would place
themselves between a load and an immovable
object.
A - True
B - False
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Question 5
Handling materials by hand does not create acaught-in hazard because no one would place
themselves between a load and an immovable
object.
The correct answer is:
B False
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Accident Prevention
A willing,positive attitudetowards safetywill help make a
safer workenvironment.
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Accident Prevention
Plan your workand look forpotentialhazards.
Each task willhave differenthazards.
Guarding Moving
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Guarding Moving
Equipment/Parts
Always use equipment with all of the guardsproperly adjusted and in position.
Guard Missing Guard Properly Installed
Guarding Moving
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Guarding Moving
Equipment/Parts
Always useequipment withrotating ormoving parts that
are properlyguarded.
Guarding Moving
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Guarding Moving
Equipment/Parts
Always usetools orequipment thatare properly
guarded.
Guarding Moving
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Guarding Moving
Equipment/Parts
Some equipmentmay need to beguarded bydistance.
B i d
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Barricades
When working nearequipment such ascranes use abarricade to identify
the unsafe area.
B i d
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Barricades
Barricades mustbe maintained.
P M t i l H dli
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Proper Materials Handling
Properly handle,guide materialsthat are beingflown overhead.
P M t i l H dli
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Proper Materials Handling
Be safe whenmovingmaterials.
Shi ldi /T h B
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Shielding/Trench Boxes
Before performingany excavation workall employees mustbe trained.
When excavationwork is taking placea Competent Person
must be present.
Shi ldi /T h B
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Shielding/Trench Boxes
Bench
Benching and slopingprevents the sides of atrench from collapsingonto workers insidethe trench.
Anytime an excavationis greater than 5 feetin depth, protective
systems must be inplace.
Shi ldi /T h B
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Shielding/Trench Boxes
A safe way toenter and exitexcavationsmust be
provided.
Shi ldi /T h B
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Shielding/Trench Boxes
Regardless of the typeof protection used, asafe way to enter thetrench is required.
QUIZ
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QUIZ
You will be presentedwith a specific accidentprevention question totest your understanding
of this material.
Q estion 1
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Question 1
Hand tools with caught-in hazards must beinspected:
A - To make sure guards are in place
B - Before each use
C - To determine if guards are adjusted properlyD - All of the above
Question 1
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Question 1
Hand tools with caught-in hazards must be
inspected:
The correct answer is:
D - All of the above
Question 2
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Question 2
The area around the swing radius of a crane,excavator, or other rotating equipment must:
A - Be barricaded to prevent workers from entering thearea
B - Needs no protectionC - Have a guard placed at the entrance
D - Have nothing disturbing the worker
Question 2
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Question 2
The area around the swing radius of a crane,excavator, or other rotating equipment must:
The correct answer is:
A - Be barricaded to prevent workers from entering the
area
Question 3
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Question 3
To be a Competent Person the person must beable to do what:
A - Identify hazards
B - Have the authority to correct hazards
C - Not worry about any hazardsD - Both A and B are correct
Question 3
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Question 3
To be a Competent Person the person must beable to do what:
The correct answer is:D - Both A and B are correct
Question 4
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Question 4
Cave-in protection is required for trenches andexcavations _____ feet deep and greater.
A - 6
B - 3
C - 4D - 5
Question 4
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Question 4
Cave-in protection is required for trenches andexcavations _____ feet deep and greater.
The correct answer is:D - 5
Question 5
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Question 5
Which of the following is not a form of protection
for excavations?
A - Benching
B - Sloping
C - WateringD - Shoring
Question 5
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Question 5
Which of the following is not a form of protection
for excavations?
The correct answer is:C - Watering
Disclaimer/Usage Notes
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Disclaimer/Usage Notes
Photos shown in this presentation may depict situations that are not incompliance with applicable OSHA requirements.
It is not the intent of the content developers to provide compliance-basedtraining in this presentation, the intent is more to address hazardawareness in the construction industry, and to recognize the overlappinghazards present in many construction workplaces.
It should NOT be assumed that the suggestions, comments, or
recommendations contained herein constitute a thorough review of theapplicable standards, nor should discussion ofissues or concerns beconstrued as a prioritization of hazards or possible controls. Where opinions(best practices) have been expressed, it is important to remember thatsafety issues in general and construction jobsites specifically will require agreat deal of site - or hazard-specificity - a one size fits allapproach isnot recommended, nor will it likely be very effective.
It is assumed that individuals using this presentation, or content, toaugment their training programs will bequalifiedto do so, and that saidpresenters will be otherwise prepared to answer questions, solve problems,and discuss issues with their audiences.
Disclaimer/Usage Notes
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Disclaimer/Usage Notes
No representation is made as to the thoroughness of the presentation, nor
to the exact methods of recommendation to be taken. It is understood thatsite conditions vary constantly, and that the developers of this contentcannot be held responsible for safety problems they did not address orcould not anticipate, nor those which have been discussed herein or duringphysical presentation. It is the responsibility of each employer contractorand their employees to comply with all pertinent rules and regulations inthe jurisdiction in which they work. Copies of all OSHA regulations are
available form your local OSHA office. This presentation is intended todiscuss Federal Regulations only your individual State requirements maybe more stringent.
As a presenter, you should be prepared to discuss all of the potentialissues/concerns, or problems inherent in those photos particularly.
Big Four
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Big Four
Construction Hazards:
Caught-in Hazards
This concludes the
Caught-in Hazards Module
The End