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March-2005

The AT USER-COMMAND Event and Menu Painter

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Objectives

The participants will be able to: Apply the AT USER-COMMAND syntax. Use the Graphical User Interface. Use the SY-UCOMM system field.

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Graphical User Interface (GUI)

Titlebar Menubar

StandardToolbar

ApplicationToolbar

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Menu Painter

Menu PainterMenu Painter

Creates Function Codes

Function KeyAssignments

StandardToolbar

ApplicationToolbar Menubar

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GUI Status

The GUI Status (Graphical User Interface Status)

Programmer Defined Buttons and Menus :

In this sample GUI Status, the programmer decided to create a “DOCUMENTS” button, and a “LIST” menu.

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GUI Title

The GUI Title (Graphical User Interface Title)

Programmer defined titlebar

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ABAP Code

The ABAP code

TABLES: LFA1.

START-OF-SELECTION.SET PF-STATUS ‘TEST1’.SELECT * FROM LFA1.

WRITE: / LFA1-LIFNR, 30 LFA1-NAME1.ENDSELECT.

AT USER-COMMAND.CASE SY-UCOMM.

WHEN ‘RUNX’.SET PF-STATUS ‘TEST2’.SET TITLEBAR ‘TB2’.

WHEN ‘RUNY’.. . . .

ENDCASE.

SELECT *

SY-SUBRCCHECK

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Activating the AT USER-COMMAND Event

3rd. Behind the scenes, the ABAP processor reacts and triggers the AT USER-COMMAND event.

1st. The user clicks on a button that the programmer created on the GUI Status.

2nd. The system detects that ‘RUNY’ has been assigned as the function code behind this button.

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The AT USER-COMMAND Event

*--begin of AT USER-COMMAND event--------------------------------AT USER-COMMAND.

WRITE: / ‘The user just clicked on a pushbutton, selected’,/ ‘a menu path, or pressed a function key’.

*--end of AT USER-COMMAND event-----------------------------------

Do not write this code, we will learn the complete syntax momentarily.

A New ABAPEvent

SYNTAX: AT USER-COMMAND.

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3rd. Behind the scenes, the ABAP processor reacts and triggers the AT USER-COMMAND event.

1st. The user clicks on a buttonthat the programmer createdon the GUI Status.

2nd. The SY-UCOMMsystem field isupdated with the four byte “tag” RUNY

A New ABAP

System Field

SYSTEM FIELD: SY-UCOMM

The SY-UCOMM System Field

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*--BEGIN OF AT USER-COMMAND EVENT MODULE.--------------

AT USER-COMMAND.CASE SY-UCOMM.

WHEN ‘RUNX’.WRITE: / ‘The user just pressed button X’.

WHEN ‘RUNY’. WRITE: / ‘The user just pressed button Y’.

ENDCASE.

*--END OF AT USER-COMMAND EVENT MODULE.----------------

Using AT USER-COMMAND with the SY-UCOMM System Field

Must be in

all caps and

single quotes

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Two programmer defined buttons, BUTTON X, and BUTTON Y.

This is what our first interactive report, that utilises a GUI status, will look like.

A programmer defined a menu containing two menu items,

(menu Item X, and menu Item Y), will duplicate the

functionality of our buttons.

Interactive Report that Utilizes a GUI Status

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Demonstration

Use of AT USER-COMMAND event, system field SY-UCOMM and creation and usage of GUI components.

Create a program generating a basic list and create different kind of detail lists from the basic list depending on User Interaction.

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Practice

Use of AT USER-COMMAND event, system field SY-UCOMM and creation and usage of GUI components.

Create a program generating a basic list and create different kind of detail lists from the basic list depending on User Interaction.

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Summary

System assigns a default GUI status to all report programs. GUI status for a program is created through ‘Menu Painter’ transaction ‘SE41’. GUI for a program contains the following :

Function Key Assignment Standard Toolbar Application Toolbar Menubar Titlebar

Three components of interactive reporting are : GUI status GUI Title ABAP Code

AT USER-COMMAND event is triggered when the user clicks on a pushbutton or selects a menu item. Which button has been clicked or which Menu item has been selected is determined by the system field SY-UCOMM.

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Questions

What are the components of a GUI ? What can be managed through the GUI status ? How will you manage the title of your list ? Which event is used to recognize the user action on the list ? How do the programmer recognize which pushbutton has been clicked or which

Menu item has been selected ?