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Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

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Chapter 2 MOS Transistors
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Page 1: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Chapter 2MOS Transistors

Page 2: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR

Page 3: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.2 Structure and Operation of the MOS Transistor

Page 4: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.2 Structure and Operation of the MOS Transistor

Page 5: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.2 Structure and Operation of the MOS Transistor

Page 6: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.3 THRESHOLD VOLTAGE OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR

Page 7: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.3 Threshold Voltage of the MOS Transistor

Page 8: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Intrinsic carrier concentration :

Mass action law :

Difference between intrinsic and actual Fermi level :

p-type material case :

Gate oxide capacitance :

2.3 Threshold Voltage of the MOS Transistor

(2.1)

(2.2)

(2.3a)

(2.3b)

(2.4)

(2.5)

Page 9: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.3 Threshold Voltage of the MOS Transistor

Page 10: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.3 Threshold Voltage of the MOS Transistor

Page 11: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.3 Threshold Voltage of the MOS Transistor

Page 12: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.3 MOS Structure2.3.4 The Depletion Approximation

Page 13: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.3 MOS Structure2.3.4 The Depletion Approximation

2.47

2.71

2.72

2.73

2.74

2.75

2.76

2.77

2.78

2.79

2.80

2.81

2.82

2.83

Page 14: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.3 MOS Structure2.3.4 The Depletion Approximation

Page 15: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.84

2.85

2.86

2.87

2.88

2.89

2.90

2.3 MOS Structure2.3.4 The Depletion Approximation

Page 16: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.3 MOS Structure2.3.4 The Depletion Approximation

2.91

2.92

2.93

2.94

Page 17: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Change of Quasi-Fermi Potentials across the Space-Charge Region

17

Page 18: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

18

Page 19: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Modern VLSI Devices

19

Page 20: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Modern VLSI Devices

20

Page 21: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

21

Page 22: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

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Page 23: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Copyright © 2004 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Page 24: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

24

Page 25: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

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Page 26: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

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Page 27: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

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Page 28: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

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Page 29: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

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Page 30: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Silicon-gate device work function difference :

Flat-band condition :

Depletion layer(p-type) thickness :

Bulk charge :

(Inversion)

(Body bias)

2.3 Threshold Voltage of the MOS Transistor

(2.6)

(2.7)

(2.8)

(2.9a)

(2.9b)

Page 31: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Threshold voltage :

Body-effect coefficient(body factor)Flat-band condition :

2.3 Threshold Voltage of the MOS Transistor

(2.10)

(2.11)

(2.12)

Page 32: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.4 Effect of Gate-Body Voltage on Surface Condition

2.4.26

Page 33: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.3 Threshold Voltage of the MOS Transistor

Page 34: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.4 FIRST-ORDER CURRENT-VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS

Page 35: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.4 First-Order Current-Voltage Characteristics

Page 36: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Charge area density at the point y :

Drain-source current :

(Carrier velocity : )

2.4 First-Order Current-Voltage Characteristics

(2.13)

(2.14)

(2.15)

Page 37: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Process transconductance parameter :

Drain-source current :

(Device transconductance parameter : )

2.4 First-Order Current-Voltage Characteristics

(2.16)

(2.17a)

(2.17b)

Page 38: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.4 First-Order Current-Voltage Characteristics

Page 39: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Saturation voltage :

Drain-source current (saturation) :

(Shortening the electrically effective value of L)

2.4 First-Order Current-Voltage Characteristics

(2.18)

(2.19)

(2.20)

Page 40: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.4 First-Order Current-Voltage Characteristics

Page 41: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Copyright © 2004 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Page 42: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.5 DERIVATION OF VELOCITY-SATURATED CURRENT EQUATION

Page 43: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.5.1 Effect of High Fields

Page 44: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.5.1 Effect of High Fields

(2.21)

Page 45: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.5.1 Effect of High Fields

Page 46: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Critical field values :

Carrier velocity :

Consider boundary condition :

(2.22)

(2.23a)

(2.23b)

(2.24)

2.5.1 Effect of High Fields

Page 47: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Linear region operation

2.5.2 Current Equations for Velocity-Saturated Devices

(2.25)

Page 48: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Saturation region operation

Limiting cases : ( )

( )

(2.26)(2.27)

(2.28)

(2.29)

2.5.2 Current Equations for Velocity-Saturated Devices

Page 49: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.5.2 Current Equations for Velocity-Saturated Devices

Page 50: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

5.2 Carrier Velocity Saturation

5.2.16

5.2.17

Page 51: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Copyright © 2004 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Page 52: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

1X devices

2.5.2 Current Equations for Velocity-Saturated Devices

Page 53: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Equations for deep submicron devices

Saturation region

Channel length modulation

Linear region

2.5.2 Current Equations for Velocity-Saturated Devices

Page 54: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.6 ALPHA-POWER LAW MODEL

Page 55: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.6 Alpha-Power Law Model

Page 56: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

(2.30a)

(2.30b)

(2.31)

2.6 Alpha-Power Law Model

Page 57: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.7 SUBTHRESHOLD CONDUCTION

Page 58: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.7 Subthreshold Conduction

Page 59: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.5.1 Effect of High Fields

Page 60: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Current equation:

Slope factor :

2.7 Subthreshold Conduction

(2.32)

(2.33)

Page 61: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Copyright © 2004 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Page 62: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Copyright © 2004 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Page 63: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Copyright © 2004 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Page 64: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Copyright © 2004 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Page 65: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.8 CAPACITANCES OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR

Page 66: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.8 Capacitances of the MOS Transistor

Page 67: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.8.1 Thin-Oxide Capacitance

Total capacitance of the thin-oxide :

Examples : i) technology, oxide thickness

ii) process, with

(2.34)

Page 68: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.8.1 Thin-Oxide Capacitance

Page 69: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

7.3 A MEDIUM-FREQUENCY SMALL-SIGNAL MODEL FOR THE INTRINSIC PART

Page 70: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

7.3 A Medium-Frequency Small-Signal Model for the Intrinsic Part

7.3.1

7.3.2

Page 71: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

7.3 A Medium-Frequency Small-Signal Model for the Intrinsic Part

7.3.37.3.4

7.3.5

Page 72: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

7.3 A Medium-Frequency Small-Signal Model for the Intrinsic Part

Page 73: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

8.2 A Complete Quasi-Static Model for the Intrinsic Part

8.2.1 Complete Description of Intrinsic Capacitance Effects 8.2.3

8.2.4

8.2.5

8.2.6

8.2.7

8.2.8

Page 74: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

8.2 A Complete Quasi-Static Model for the Intrinsic Part

8.2.1 Complete Description of Intrinsic Capacitance Effects

8.2.9

8.2.10

8.2.11

8.2.12

Page 75: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

8.2 A Complete Quasi-Static Model for the Intrinsic Part

8.2.2 Small-Signal Equivalent Circuit Topologies

Page 76: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

8.2 A Complete Quasi-Static Model for the Intrinsic Part

8.2.2 Small-Signal Equivalent Circuit Topologies

8.2.17

8.2.18

8.2.19a

8.2.19b

8.2.19c

8.2.20

Page 77: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

8.2 A Complete Quasi-Static Model for the Intrinsic Part

8.2.2 Small-Signal Equivalent Circuit Topologies

Page 78: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

7.3 A Medium-Frequency Small-Signal Model for the Intrinsic Part

7.3.6

Page 79: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.
Page 80: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

7.3 A Medium-Frequency Small-Signal Model for the Intrinsic Part

7.3.7

7.3.8

7.3.9

7.3.10

Page 81: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

7.3 A Medium-Frequency Small-Signal Model for the Intrinsic Part

7.3.11

7.3.12

7.3.13

7.3.14

7.3.15

7.3.16

7.3.17

7.3.18

Page 82: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

7.3 A Medium-Frequency Small-Signal Model for the Intrinsic Part

7.3.19

7.3.20

Page 83: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

7.3 A Medium-Frequency Small-Signal Model for the Intrinsic Part

• Nonsaturation with VDS = 0 (=1)

• Saturation (=0)

7.3.21

7.3.22

7.3.23, 24

7.3.25

7.3.26

7.3.27

7.3.28

7.3.29

Page 84: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

7.3 A Medium-Frequency Small-Signal Model for the Intrinsic Part

Page 85: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

7.3 A Medium-Frequency Small-Signal Model for the Intrinsic Part

ClickIntrinsic+Extrinsic (7.4)

Page 86: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.8.1 Thin-Oxide Capacitance

Page 87: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Current-voltage characteristic :

Built-in junction potential :

2.8.2 pn Junction Capacitance

(2.35)(2.36)

(2.37)

Page 88: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.8.2 pn Junction Capacitance

Page 89: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Junction capacitance :

Zero-bias junction capacitance :

For of the NMOS device :

2.8.2 pn Junction Capacitance

(2.38)

(2.39)

(2.40)

Page 90: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.8.2 pn Junction Capacitance

Page 91: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Total junction capacitance :

Simplification :

( , )

2.8.2 pn Junction Capacitance

(2.41)

(2.42)

Page 92: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

Equivalent voltage-independent capacitance

2.8.2 pn Junction Capacitance

Page 93: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.8.2 pn Junction Capacitance

(2.43)

(2.44)

(2.45)

Page 94: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.8.3 Overlap Capacitance

Page 95: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

(2.46)

(2.47)

2.8.3 Overlap Capacitance

Page 96: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.9 SUMMARY

Page 97: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.9 Summary

Page 98: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.9 Summary

Page 99: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.9 Summary

Page 100: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.9 Summary

Page 101: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.9 Summary

Page 102: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.9 Summary

Page 103: Chapter 2 MOS Transistors. 2.2 STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF THE MOS TRANSISTOR.

2.9 Summary


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