Citizen Response to a Violent Intruder L I C · Citizen Response to a Violent Intruder A lert L...

Copyright 2014 – All Rights Reserved

Citizen Response to a Violent Intruder

Alert Lockdown Inform Counter Evacuate

“Anywhere, Anytime, Any reason”

Are they prepared for when Today is not like Yesterday?...

Copyright 2014 – All Rights Reserved 2

www.AliceTraining.com


ALICE History

3

Greg Crane Lisa Crane

• Founded 2001• Law Enforcement• School Admin



Active Shooter Defined

• active shooter noun \ˈak-tiv\ \ˈshü-tər\

“is an individual actively engaged in killing or attempting to kill people in a confined space or other populated area. In most cases, active shooters use firearms and there is no pattern or method to their selection of victims”

- US Department of Homeland Security

5


Increased Frequency

“In the last four years, there has been a nearly 150% increase in the number of people shot and killed in connection with active shooter incidents.”

6

- US Attorney General Eric Holder 10/21/2013


K-12 & Universities

7

•COLUMBINE High School

• SANDY HOOK Elementary

•VIRGINIA TECH University

•CHARDON High School

It CAN happen anywhere . . . .

K-12 Schools


Gov’t Agencies

8

•Washington Naval Yard

• Fort Hood

•Gabby Giffords

• “Going Postal”


Government Agencies


Work & Shop

9

•Aurora Theater Theater (Aurora, CO)

•Clackamas Mall (Happy Valley, OR)


Work/Shop

•Hartford Distributors (Manchester, CT)

•Accent Signage (Minneapolis, MN)

• EMCORE Corp (ALBUQUERQUE, NM)


Date: 4/20/1999

Injured: 24

Deceased: 13

Duration: 49 minutes

10

Columbine High School

The Speed of Violence


Virginia Tech

Date: 4/16/2007

Injured: 25

Deceased: 32



Sandy Hook Elementary

12

Sandy Hook

Date: 12/14/2012

Injured: 2

Deceased: 26

Duration: 5 minutes


Chardon High School

13

Chardon HS

Date: 2/27/2012

Injured: 3

Deceased: 3

Duration: <1 min

Frank Hall


Gabby Giffords

Date: 1/8/2011

Injured: 13

Deceased: 6

Duration: <2 min


Century 16 Movie Theater

Date: 7/20/2012

Injured: 58

Deceased: 12

Duration: <5 min


Hartford Beer Dist.

Date: 8/3/2010

Injured: 2

Deceased: 8

Duration: <7 min


Fort Hood

Date: 11/5/2009

Injured: 31

Deceased: 13



Accent Sign

Date: 9/27/2012

Injured: 3

Deceased: 6

Duration: <6 minutes


Business40%

School29%

Outdoors19%

Others12%

Location of Attacks (2000-2010)

Business

School

Outdoors

Others

J. Pete Blair and M. Hunter Martaindale, “United States Active Shooter Events from 2000 to 2010” (San Marcos, TX) Texas State University, 2013.

Businessis the most frequent location.



Why is Citizen Preparation Necessary?

25 years of mass shooting events have yielded a national average for the response time of Law Enforcement to an Active Killer scene.

How long:


Why is Citizen Preparation Necessary?

25 years of mass shooting events have yielded a national average for the average arrivalresponse time of Law Enforcement to an Active Killer scene.

How long:

5-6 Minutes


Benefit for Active Shooter

24

Aggressor is in Control

Occupants give up Control

Occupants Movements Restricted

Aggressor can move Freely

-VS-


The Reality of Lockdown

25

Assumeseveryone is in same amount of danger

Safety depends on the

shooters inability to

get through a door.

Overrides Flight/Fight instinct

Police must Rescue before shooter enters room

Does not work if

aggressor is in room

Incorrectly trains Freeze at worst possible time

Starting Point while assessing options


Can a Single Strategy Fail???

ALICE is based on the premise that:

• information,• authorization,• empowerment,• and training,

related to Survival Options,

are the key to surviving an Active Shooter event.


We Have Three NATURAL Responses

Fight: Counter Strategies

Flight: Evacuate

Freeze: Lockdown (Secure-in-Place)

How should they rank?


Why did they STAY?


Why did they STAY?


The Lesson from Virginia Tech:

Room 210No Class

Room 206 - 14 PresentKilled – 10Wounded -2

Hallway – Killed 1

Offices Room 211 – 19 PresentKilled – 12Wounded - 6

Room 204 – 19 PresentKilled – 2Wounded - 3

Room 200 No Class

Room 207 – 13 PresentKilled – 5Wounded - 6

Room 205 –12 PresentKilled – 0Wounded – 0

JUMPED &

BARRICADED

BARRICADED AFTER 1ST TIME

BARRICADED

STAYED DOWN

STAYED DOWN


A.L.I.C.E.Common Sense, just not Common Knowledge

AlertLockdownInformCounterEvacuate

ALICE is NOT a linear, progressive response.


Alert Information is the key to good decisions

Information should flow in all directions

Provide as much initial intel as possible to as

many people as possible

Use any and all available means: Texts, PA, Digital

Signage, Web, Twitter, Facebook, BELS, etc.

May be your sensory inputs


ALERT needs to be of benefit to all…Provide info, don’t issue commands.

Change this…


ALERT needs to be of benefit to all…Provide info, don’t issue commands.

To THIS!

How else will visitors know?


Lockdown Excellent starting point

When should doors be locked?

Before, During, or After?

Locked doors provide a time barrier. Locks can, and have been defeated.

BARRICADE: The idea is to create a stronghold that nobody can breach… BE A HARDER TARGET!

Once Lockdown is in effect no one should be allowed into a secure room under any circumstances. Only open your locked door for uniformed police personnel.


Which is a more effective barricade for a door opening out?


What training does:


Inform As real-time information as possible will be

provided by all means possible.

Use this information to make single or collective decisions as to the best option for survival.

Be flexible because the situation will be dynamic and fluid


Counter Is it possible to interrupt the skill set needed to shoot

accurately?


CounterINTERRUPT THE OODA LOOP!

You can survive contact with an armed intruder!!

Police miss 70-80% of their shots in dynamic

events.

The “bad guy” is not usually a highly skilled shooter.

Engage in acts that will require very high skill level:

Noise

Movement

Distance

Distractions


Survival Tactics:

Skills beyond lockdown that should be provided:

Barricading, Cover and Concealment

Evade/Escape

SWARM

Removing and Securing the Weapon

Contact with Law Enforcement


Evacuate Only 2% of Violent Intruder events

have been by more than one person.

If he is inside, you get outside.

Cannot use car to evacuate

Reunification points established


Why should “they” act?

Source: NYPD, Active Shooter, Recommendations and

Analysis for Risk Mitigation. 2011

If it is going to take an

aggressive act to stop the

killing, who do we hope

is committing this act

first?

Citizens and Police

Shooter


Research courtesy of Bill Barchers, www. hardtactics.com


DHS Recommendations

• October 2008

• Known as the 3-Outs

Program

• Get Out

• Hide Out

• Take Out

Support for Proactive Response

Strategies and Options


IACP Recommendations

• October 2009

• Do not have a one-size fits

all plan.

• Teachers choose to Evacuate

or Lockdown

• Authorize decisions to be

made

• Active Resistance is an

option


NYPD Recommendations

Jan 2012, 2013


AL Gov and Homeland Security

• February 2013

• Specifically names ALICE

and Run, Hide, Fight as an

official State

recommendations for AS

response plans.


Ohio Attorney General and Safety

Task ForceRecommendations

• June 2013

• Lockdown does not mean

stand-alone defensive strategy

of Securing in Place

• Evacuate, Barricading,

Counter

• For Staff and Students


US Dept of EdREMS

Recommendations

• June 2013

• Has to be the end of

LOCKDOWN only as the

response plan for schools.


Questions?Thank you and Stay Safe!

For more information or

host requests:

330-661-0106

www.ALICEtraining.com

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Citizen Response to a Violent Intruder L I C · Citizen Response to a Violent Intruder A lert L...

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